• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.292-303
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• 2006

The Volatile Organic Compounds(VOCs) are emitted from various sources and have lots of different form. Recently human are spending the many times at indoor area and indoor air pollution is issued the important social problem. The emission sources of indoor air pollutants are very various, also indoor building materials are composed of very complex chemical compounds, these indoor building materials discharge very much VOCs and other hazardous compounds. In this study, we performed the small chamber test to investigate the VOCs emission concentration and characteristics involving five kinds of the indoor building materials(furniture material, wooden floor, wall paper, paint and tile) under different conditions of four temperature and relative humidity as account of the air flow rate(AFR), air exchange rate(AER), loading factor and air velocity respectively. As the result, It was showed that building materials are emitted the highest VOCs concentration at the beginning of experiment and furniture material is emitted the highest VOCs concentration. Most of the materials were affected by temperature, but paint and tile material were affected by humidity.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.167-172
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• 2007

The separation of the small colloidal particles from the mixture of two different sized particles using AC dielectrophoresis phenomenon was studied. The spherical mono-dispersed polystyrene particles dispersed in pure water were put into a perfusion chamber on a substrate, and AC electric fold was applied to the glass substrate with Au electrodes in 4 mm distance. The AC frequency was fixed at 1 kHz and the intensity of the field was varied from 25 V/cm to 160 V/cm. After applying the AC field, the degree of the chain formation that resulted from the particle movements by dielectrophoresis was observed by optical microscope. The mixture of the $1\;{\mu}m\;and\;5\;{\mu}m$ sized polystyrene particles at 0.5 vol% concentrations for each size was set in the dielectrophoresis conditions of 1 kHz and 100 V/cm. At this condition large $5\;{\mu}m$ sized polystyrene particles formed chains, on the contrary the $1\;{\mu}m$ sized polystyrene particles formed no chains. After water flowing for 20 min, it was found that small particles that were floating in the chamber had been removed by the water flowing.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.13-20
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• 2003

It is highly recognized that there is need for protection against indoor air pollution, as we realize environmental pollution is growing, For example, in an indoor environment, a person spends more than 80 percent of their time inside the building. Thus, concern about indoor decoration materials is growing, since they cause pollution in the rooms of an apartment, as well as in offices. As the indoor decoration materials become more diverse and lusurious, so the effect of VOCs(Volatile Organic Compounds) and HCHO(Formaldehy) is growing. The indoor decoration materials cause the Sick Building Syndrome, such as headaches, dizziness, or lack of concentraion, and they in turn cause serious deterioration in people's health. In this study, I probed the status of the indoor air pollution and carried on an investigation and analysis about the prevention technique. In doing so, I performed experimental tests and an assessment of the indoor decoration materials of an apartment. I also examined elements of the emitted and the emission. Finally, I examined the character of emissions, by changing environmental conditions, such as the temperature, humidity, and ventilation. With respect to VOCs tests, I applied the method of solid state adsorption using the adsorptive tube, based on the measurement of the American EPA TO-17, ASTM 5116-97, and the measurement of the Japanese Wall Decoration Industrial Association. The tested sample was analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography, after going through the process of dissolvent extraction. As subjects of the test, Paint were selected. The process of this test is as follows; first, I figured out the character of the emission, by measuring the emitted concentration of VOCs and HOHC from the indoor decoration materials of an apartment. Second, I made a small-scale chamber and the test was processed in the chamber in order to suggest an environment-friendly prediction modlel development.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제50권11호
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• pp.783-789
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• 2022

최근 연구에 의하면 하이브리드 로켓의 후연소실로 유입되는 연소유동은 고주파수 와류흘림을 포함하고 있으며, 노즐 벽면과 충돌하여 대향류가 형성되며 점화지연을 동반한 추가적인 연소가 발생하는 것이 확인되었다. 본 연구는 대향류 발생에 의한 점화지연이 연소압력 맥놀이가 나타나는 원인임을 확인하려 한다. 이를 위하여 Culick이 제안한 기존의 열음향 불안정 발생에 대한 에너지 킥 모델에 점화지연 발생을 반영한 수정 모델을 제안하였고 수치계산을 통하여 점화지연의 크기 변화가 열음향 결합에 의한 연소압력 맥놀이 발생을 결정하는 중요한 인자임을 확인하였다. 또한 후연소실 길이가 증가함에 따라 실험에서 관찰된 점화지연 감소는 에너지 킥과 압력의 위상 차의 증가를 가져와 맥놀이현상인 주기적인 압력증폭이 전혀 나타나지 않는 것도 확인하였다.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 1997년도 하계 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.141-149
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• 1997

Structural characteristic of a rice polisher of small size was analyzed to improve its performance and to utilize such data in developing a rice polisher of large size. Spraying characteristic of nozzles which were used for rice polishing was evaluated by a machine vision system. Internal pressure of the polishing chamber was also measured according to outlet resistance, water spraying, and roller shaft speed. In addition, the performance of the polisher was analyzed based on whiteness and broken ratio according to operating conditions.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.287-291
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• 1989

Radiation dosimetry has been extended to small fields less than $4\times4cm^2$ which may be suitable for irradiation of small intracranial tumors. Special consideration was given to the percentage depth dose and scatter correction factors with 0.14ml ion chamber, film dosimetry and TLD measurement. Calculated dose distributions were compared with measured data.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.120-125
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• 2010

물흡수선량에 기반한 표준 측정법을 사용하여 흡수선량을 측정 시에 여러 요인들이 크건, 작건, 미미하건 간에 선량 측정의 정확성에 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 이온함의 선질 보정 인자(the beam quality correction factor) ${\kappa}_{Q,Q_0}$ 값 또한 그 중 한 요인이 될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 특정 이온함 유형(PTW30013, PTW, Germany)을 선정하여, 국내에서 사용하고 있는 기관들로부터 9개의 이온함을 수집하였다. 동일한 전위계와 전기선으로 9개 이온함을 국내 이차표준기관으로부터 교정을 받았다. 이렇게 교정받은 이온함들을 사용하여 Siemens ONCOR 장비의 광자 빔 6 MV와 10 MV 그리고 전자 빔 12 MeV에 대해 기준 조건하에서 흡수선량을 측정하였다. 이온함 간 선량 값의 최대 차이는 광자 빔 6 MV의 경우엔 2.4%, 10MV의 경우에 0.8%, 전자 빔 12 MeV의 경우엔 0.8%이었다. 6 MV에서의 큰 차이는 측정 과정에 문제가 없었다면, 동일한 ${\kappa}_{Q,Q_0}$ 값을 모든 이온함에 적용한 게 한 요인이 될 수 있다. 이는 또한 외부 독립검사가 왜 중요한지를 보여 주는 예라 하겠다.

• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.253-262
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• 2018

진동수주형(OWC) 파력발전구조물(WEC)은 진동수주실 내의 수위진동에 의해 발생된 공기흐름을 Power-Take-Off (PTO) 시스템을 통해 전기에너지로 회수하는 시스템이다. 일반적으로 PTO 시스템에서 높은 공기유속을 획득하기 위해서는 해수에 비해 상대적으로 적은 단면적을 갖는 공기실이 요구되므로 정확한 공기유속을 모의하기 위해서는 3차원적인 해석이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 불규칙파동장을 대상으로 해수소통구를 구비한 진동수주형 파력발전구조물의 동적응답을 수치해석적으로 검토하였다. 수치해석에는 오픈소스 기반의 OpenFOAM 및 FOAM 확장 커뮤니티를 위한 파동장 해석을 위해 개발된 OLAFLOW를 적용하였다. 선행연구와 동일한 형상의 해수소통구와 OWC-WEC에 불규칙파랑이 입사한 경우 공기실 내에서 3차원공기흐름과 구조물 주변에서 파랑변형 및 해수소통구 내에서 3차원해수흐름 등에 관한 변동특성을 논의하였다. 이로부터 유의파에 대한 Ursell 수가 클수록 공기실 내 최대 공기흐름속도가 증가하며, 공기실 내부에서 외부로 유출되는 공기속도가 외부에서 공기실 내부로 유입되는 공기속도보다 더 크다는 사실을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.306-315
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• 2000

An experimental study was conducted to examine the internal flow patterns inside the mixing chamber of effervescent atomizers. The mixing chamber has the rectangular cross section ($8mm{\times}2mm$) and made of transparent acrylic plate for flow visualization. The parameters tested were the air/liquid ratio (ALR), injection. pressure, and the nozzle orifice diameter. Three different flow regimes were observed; bubbly, annular, and intermittent flows. In the bubbly flow regime, the discharged mixture was disintegrated into drops through the bubble expansion and the ligament breakup. On the other hand, in the annular flow regime, the liquid annulus was disintegrated into small drops by the aerodynamic interaction between the phases due to the high relative velocities between the gas and the liquid. In the intermittent flow regime, the bubble-expansion/ligament-disintegration mode and the annulus-disintegration mode appeared alternatively. The correlations representing the transition criteria between the two-phase flow patterns within the mixing chamber were proposed based on the drift-flux models.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.788-794
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• 2002

In liquid rocket engine, propellant feed rate is proportional to approximately square root of the pressure difference between injector head and combustion chamber. This ΔP depends on the engine design, but in general on the order of 50psi. However, during ignition period, especially for the pressurized feed system, combustion chamber pressure is almost atmospheric and large ΔP causes over flow of propellants which may lead to catastrophic accident due to hard start. Hard start may be prevented by applying cavitating venturi or/and two step ignition. In cavitating venturi, evaporated propellants near the venturi throat become chocked and flow rate depends on only upstream condition. In two step ignition propellants are supplied to the liquid engine in two different flow rate. First step, to avoid hard start, small amount of propellants are supplied to build up chamber pressure in safe zone, then full propellants to ensure design pressure. In this study, both cavitating venturi and two step ignition method were used for the hot test and hard start problem was completely solved.