• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권10호
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• pp.1591-1597
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• 2018

Objective: Selenium-independent glutathione peroxidase (GPx5) is specifically expressed in the mammalian epididymis and plays an important role in protecting sperm from reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation damage. This study investigates GPx5 expression in the epididymis of Small Tail Han sheep. Methods: GPx5 expression was studied in three age groups: lamb (2 to 3 months), young (8 to 10 months), and adult (18 to 24 months). The epididymis of each age group divided into caput, corpus and cauda, respectively. Analysis the expression quantity of GPx5 in epididymis and testis by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. Finally, GPx5 protein locating in the epididymis by immunohistochemical. Results: The results demonstrate that in the lamb group, the GPx5 mRNA, but not protein, can be detected. GPx5 mRNA and expressed protein were detected in both the young and adult groups. Moreover, both the mRNA and protein levels of GPx5 were significantly higher in the young group than in other two groups. When the different segments of epididymis were investigated, GPx5 mRNA was expressed in each segment of epididymis regardless of age. Additionally, the mRNA level in the caput was significantly higher than that in corpus and cauda within same age group. The GPx5 protein was in the epithelial cells' cytoplasm. However, GPx5 mRNA and protein were not detected in the testis. Conclusion: These results suggest that GPx5 is mainly expressed in the epididymis of Small Tail Han sheep, and that the expression level of GPx5 is associated with age. Additionally, GPx5 was primarily expressed in the epithelial cells of the caput. Taken together, these studies indicate that GPx5 is expressed in the epididymis in all age grades.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제60권1호
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• pp.45-49
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• 2022

The Japanese amberjack Seriolae quinqueradiata is one of the most consumed fish species among the Koreans. However, information regarding parasitic infection in Japanese amberjack is scarce. This study described the morphological and molecular characteristics of a species of philometrid nematode, Philometroides seriolae, which was recovered from Japanese amberjack. This fish was caught in the sea of Goseong-gun, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea (Korea). Six P. seriolae (Nematoda: Philometridae) were recovered from 2 Japanese amberjacks. These parasites were subgravid female which were 325-420 mm long and 2.95-3.27 mm wide. Furthermore, they had typical papillae distributed on their body surface with 14 papillae at the apical view. Sequence analysis of the small subunits of ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) showed high sequence identity (99.8%, 1,607/1,611-bp) with that of P. seriolae (GenBank accession no. FJ155811). This nematode species has been newly added to the Korean nematode fauna.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.285-291
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• 2007

볼티모어의 분류체계에 의하면 바이러스는 복제 및 단백질합성 전략에 따라 6개의 집단으로나눌 수 있다. 몇 종류의 작은 DNA 바이러스를 제외한 대부분의 바이러스는 게놈 복제를 위한 자신의 핵산중합효소를 유전자로 암호화하고 있다. 바이러스 핵산중합효소에는 DNA-의존DNA 중합효수, RNA-의존RNA 중합효소, RNA-의존 DNA 중합효소 세 종류가 있으며, 이들은 모두 4개의 공통된 모티프(motif)를 가진다. 우리는 볼티모어의 분류체계와 바이러스의 핵산중합효소와의 관계를 아미노산 서열을 통해 분자 계통분류학적 분석을 통해 알아보고자 하였다. NCBI GenBank에서 얻은 바이러스 중합효소의 아미노산 서열을 CLUSTAL X 프로그램으로 다중서열하고, Neighbor-joining, Maximum-likelihood, Bayesian의 세 가지 방법으로 계통도를 그려보았다. 미세한 차이는 있었으나, 세 가지 방법 모두에서 볼티모어의 분류법과 일치하는 결과를 보였고, 특이하게도 두 가닥 RNA 바이러스는 숙주의 종류에 따라, (-)RNA 바이러스는 게놈의 절편화에 따라 각각2개의 소집단으로 나뉘어지는 것을 볼 수 있었다.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.102-113
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• 2011

C-terminal SRC kinase (CSK) is a ubiquitously expressed, cytosolic enzyme that phosphorylates and inactivates several SRC family protein tyrosine kinases. Recent genomewide association studies have implicated CSK in the regulation of blood pressure. The current study aim is to determine the blood pressure association of the genes regulated by CSK down-regulation. The CSK mRNA expression was downregulated in vascular smooth muscle cells using small interfering RNA (siRNA). CSK mRNA levels fell by 90% in cells that were treated with CSK siRNA; the RNA from these cells was examined by microarray using the Illumina HumanRef-8 v3 platform, which comprises 24,526 reference mRNA probes. On treatment with CSK siRNA, 19 genes were downregulated by more than 2-fold and 13 genes were upregulated by more than 2-fold. Three (CANX, SLC30A7, and HMOX1) of them revealed more than 3 fold differential expression. Interestingly, the HMOX1 SNPs were associated with diastolic blood pressure in the 7551 Koreans using Korea Association REsource data, and the result was supported by the other reports that HMOX1 linked to blood vessel maintenance. Among the remaining 29 differentially expressed genes, seven (SSBP1, CDH2, YWHAE, ME2, PFTK1, G3BP2, and TUFT1) revealed association with both systolic and diastolic blood pressures. The CDH2 gene was linked to blood pressures. Conclusively, we identified 32 differentially expressed genes which were regulated by CSK reduction, and two (HOMX1 and CDH2) of them might influence the blood pressure regulation through CSK pathway.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.212-218
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• 2003

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role in the normal morphogenesis, maintenance, and repair of matrix and also have important functions in pathologic conditions characterized by excessive degradation of extracellular matrix, such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, periodontitis and in tumor invasion and metastasis. In this study, expression of MMP-1 and -2 mRNA in retrodiscal tissue of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) was examined and compared with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and surgical findings. MMP mRNAs in the retrodiscal tissue samples were detected by reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction. TMJ internal derangement (ID) was categorized as normal disc position, disc displacement with reduction, early stage of disc displacement without reduction (DDsR) and late stage of DDsR. TMJ osteoarthrosis (OA) was classified with normal, mild and advanced OA. The amount of synovial fluid collection was divided into not detected, small, large and extremely large amount on MR T2-weighted imaging. Perforation and adhesion were examined during open surgery of the TMJ. Six out of 37 samples were excluded because of little amount of extracted total mRNA. MMP-2 mRNA was detected whole joints, and so the MMP-2 mRNA seems to be expressed normally in retrodiscal tissue. However, MMP-1 mRNA was expressed in 8 of 31 joints. Frequencies of MMP-1 mRNA expression according to the TMJ IDs, amount of synovial fluid and surgical findings made no significant difference. MMP-1 mRNA was detected more frequently in OA groups (7/16 joints, 43.8%) than in normal bony structure group (1/15 joints, 6.7%). Expression of MMP-1 mRNA in retrodiscal tissue might be related with OA of the TMJ.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.148-155
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• 2011

Our previous sequence and phylogenetic analyses of the Korean Rice stripe virus (RSV) suggested possible genetic reassortment of RNA segments, but whether this RNA variation contributed to the recent RSV outbreaks in Korea is yet unclear. To further clarify these RSV-RNA segment variations, we developed a reverse transcription-polymerase reaction/restriction enzyme (RT-PCR/RE) analysis-based method. We identified five REs, including DraI, EcoR1, NdeI/AseI, and SpeI, that could differentiate RSV RNA 1-4 subtypes, respectively. Our RT-PCR/RE results provided a clear pattern of RNA reassortment, i.e., different groups of isolates having their RNA segments derived from two to three different RSV ancestors, such as from Eastern and Southwestern Chinese or Japanese M and T isolates. We also found that the migratory small brown planthopper from Eastern China caught by aerial net traps that possesses RSV-RNA3 genotypes corresponds mainly to Eastern China, with a few for Southwestern China based on RT-PCR/RE, sequence and phylogenetic analyses, indicating that RSV populations in Eastern China may also have strong RNA variation. The development of an RE analysisbased method proved a useful epidemiological tool for rapid genotyping and identification of mixed infections by RSV strain and by different subtype.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제70권4호
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• pp.301-306
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• 2011

Background: It is well-known that cell-free nucleic acids rise in patients with many types of malignancies. Several recent experimental studies using cancer cell lines have shown that changes in cell-free RNA are predictive of the response to chemotherapy. The objective of this study was to determine whether quantification of free RNA can be used as a biomarker for clinical responses to chemotherapy in patients with lung cancer. Methods: Thirty-two patients with lung cancer (non-small cell lung cancer, n=24; small cell lung cancer, n=8) were divided into 2 groups according to their responses to chemotherapy (response group, n=19; non-response group, n=13). Blood samples were collected before and after two cycles of chemotherapy. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR was used for transcript quantification of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene. Results: The pre chemotherapy values (Response group $41.36{\pm}1.72$ vs. Non-response group $41.33{\pm}1.54$, p=0.78) and post chemotherapy values (Response group $39.92{\pm}1.81$ vs. Non-response group $40.41{\pm}1.47$, p=0.40) for cell free RNA concentrations, expressed as Ct GAPDH (threshold cycle glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene) levels, was not different between the two groups. There was no significant relationship between changes in the cell free RNA level clinical responses after chemotherapy (p=0.43). Conclusion: We did not find a correlation between quantification of serum cell free RNA levels and clinical responses to chemotherapy in patients with lung cancer. Further investigations are needed to determine whether the cell free RNA level is a useful predictor of responses to chemotherapy in patients with lung cancer.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.271-276
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• 2008

최근 단백질 합성 과정 중 라이보솜의 일시적인 정지에 의한 라이보솜의 A자리에서 전사체가 분해되는 현상이 여러 생명체에서 보고되었다. 이러한 현상이 라이보솜의 작은 소단위체를 이루고 있는 SSU rRNA의 기능과 관련 있는지를 알아보기 위해, SecM에서 유래한 접착펩타이드에 의한 라이보솜 정지를 우회하는 SSU rRNA 돌연변이체 발굴을 위한 유전학적 시스템을 개발하였다. 이 시스템에서는 SecM에서 유래한 접착펩타이를 포함하는 CAT 단백질을 코딩하는 CAT-SecM 전사체가 플라스미드에서 유래한 SSU rRNA를 포함한 재조합 라이보솜에 의해서만 해독된다. 이러한 재조합 라이보솜은 접착펩타이드를 합성한 후 CAT-SecM mRNA 상에서 일시 정체하며, 재조합 라이보솜의 발현은 이 전사체의 양을 감소시키는 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과는 개발된 시스템을 이용해 라이보솜 검지를 우회하는 SSU rRNA 돌연변이체의 선별이 가능하다는 것을 보여주며, 이러한 변이체에 대한 연구는 단백질 합성 단계에서 일어나는 라이보솜 정지와 전사체 절단 현상에 있어서, SSU rRNA의 역할을 규명하는데 기여할 것이다.

• 한국미생물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국미생물학회 2008년도 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea
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• pp.76-77
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• 2008

• BMB Reports
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• 제51권11호
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• pp.563-571
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• 2018

Colorectal cancer (CRC), the third most common cancer in the world, has no specific biomarkers that facilitate its diagnosis and subsequent treatment. The miRNAs, small single-stranded RNAs that repress the mRNA translation and trigger the mRNA degradation, show aberrant levels in the CRC, by which these molecules have been related with the initiation, progression, and drug-resistance of this cancer type. Numerous studies show the microRNAs influence the cellular mechanisms related to the cell cycle, differentiation, apoptosis, and migration of the cancer cells through the post-transcriptionally regulated gene expression. Specific patterns of the upregulated and down-regulated miRNA have been associated with the CRC diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic response. Concretely, the downregulated miRNAs represent attractive candidates, not only for the CRC diagnosis, but for the targeted therapies via the tumor-suppressing microRNA replacement. This review shows a general overview of the potential uses of the miRNAs in the CRC diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment with a special focus on the downregulated ones.