• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.199-212
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• 2020

A large percentage of maritime accidents in coastal seas are related to small fishing vessels. In order to investigate causes of maritime accidents, it is often necessary to carry out dynamic simulations for the estimation of trajectories and motions of vessels. Initial conditions of vessels such as main dimensions, loading conditions and hydrostatic properties are required for the accurate simulations. Small fishing vessels usually have few records of hydrostatic properties during their fishing operations. Therefore, in this study, estimation procedures for hydrostatic properties of small fishing vessels are proposed. At first, hull form characteristics of Korean small fishing vessels are investigated. Most of vessels have hard-chines and centerline skegs, they have similar hull forms. Bonjean curves of several small fishing vessels whose gross tonnages are below 10 tons are normalized with vessel breadths and depths. Representative bonjean curves are derived from normalized bonjean curves, and a representative hull plan is obtained as well. If the vessel loading conditions such as total weights and centers of gravity are given, fore and aft drafts can be calculated by using the representative bonjean curves with the constraint that weights and buoyancies are in equilibrium. Metacentric heights are also estimated by using the representative hull plan. Drafts and metacentric heights estimated by proposed iterative estimation procedures are compared with actual vessel data, estimated values are in good agreements with actual values. In addition, normalized fore and aft drafts, metacentric heights of vessels can be formulated as the linear functions of normalized total weights and centers of gravity. Empirical formulas of drafts and metacentric heights are proposed, and it is confirmed that the empirical formulas also provide reasonable results, which are similar to the results by iterative estimation procedures with representative bonjean curves and hull plan.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.11 no.2 s.23
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• pp.51-63
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• 2005

In relation with inspection systems of small fishing vessels, Government is drawing up revision of the law about ships safety act(Article 3) on the basis of supporting safe fishing activities to expand the application range of ships safety act for vessels under 2 tons(small fishing vessels) that are exempted from inspection systems. There are two opinions about inspection of small fishing vessels. Government's opinion is that inspection of small fishing vessels must be enforced to confirm small fishing vessels' safety but fishermen's opinion is that inspection systems keep on existing law because inspection systems spends a lot of time and money to the poor and the old. The alternatives for countered opinions is that the poor fishermen's vessels' for living or small vessels' inspection must be operated by themselves in principle and minimizing the limitation through policies is recommended. In addition, Government needs to develop various programs for inspection systems of small fishing vessels like the main fisheries countries. Particularly, in case of operating inspection systems of small fishing vessels, Government needs to consider some solutions for example supporting inspection fee, minimum inspection for confirming vessels' safety, inspecting when a vessel is building, expanding an inspection period.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.24 no.7
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• pp.875-888
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• 2018

The Government of the Republic of Korea has been continuously improving its legal system to ensure marine safety as a precaution against marine accidents. However, despite the ongoing improvement of the legal system, the number of maritime accidents has been increasing steadily, suggesting that the efficacy of the legal system is insufficient. As for recent marine accidents, small fishing vessels (less than 10 tons) account for 44.9 % of marine accidents over 5 years ('13_'17). Therefore, this study investigated the improvement status of the Korean government's legal system for small fishing vessels and the characteristics of related overseas legal systems in order to find a way to further improve marine safety for small fishing vessels. Following the results, the Korean government's laws related to small fishing vessels show a hybrid phenomenon due to the history of merging ('97) and separation ('09) of legal systems for fishing and non-fishing vessels, and it has been concluded that only improvements to construct additional facilities are being performed, and those in a fragmentary manner. In addition, overseas legal systems for small fishing vessels were confirmed to have requirements strengthening the responsibility of owners and operators of fishing vessels and introduced a self-inspection program. Based on these results, a plan is suggested to improve the efficacy of the legal system to ensuree marine safety for small Korean fishing vessels.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2023

The motion of small fishing vessels is significantly affected by small waves, leading to accidents, such as capsizing or sinking. This paper presents the results of two types of basin tests. The first test analyzed the characteristics of roll and pitch motions among regular waves with the same wave steepness using the drifting state of three (3G/T, 7G/T, 10G/T) small fishing vessels. The second test analyzed the motion characteristics of the 7G/T fishing vessel under different wave steepness. The first test showed that heave and roll motions are significant in the beam sea, while pitch motion is significant in the bow and stern seas. The second test shows that wave steepness has a linear relationship with roll and pitch motions in the bow and stern seas.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.421-427
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• 2015

This study aims at reviewing first the cases of marine accidents of small fishing vessels and vessels towing and being towed and, the problems concerning such lights and shapes that could be misunderstood for those in concerned Rules, or that could impair their distinctive characteristics or obstruct to keep a proper look-out. And then I wish to make a suggestion of the necessity of amending the National Laws which stipulate the rules for the ship's lights and shapes as follows; Firstly, by amending the "Standard of Construction and Equipment for the Less Than 10 Gross Tonnage of Small Fishing Vessels" small fishing vessel must be equipped with the lights and shapes that are the same as those of "vessel engaged in fishing" prescribed by Rule 26 of the "COLREG 1972" and Rule 84 of the "Maritime Safety Law Act". Secondly, "Standard of Fishing Vessels Equipment" which stipulate the rules concerning the exception of the running lights and radar reflector for the small fishing vessels must be amended to meet the requirement of Rule 20 of the "Maritime Safety Act". Thirdly, the definition of "Length of the tow" which prescribed by Rule 2 of the "Maritime Safety Act" must be amended to meet the Rule 24 of the "COLREG 1972". And also I wish to adhere to the importance of displaying the adequate vessel lights and shapes by every mariner for preventing marine accidents.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.45-55
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• 1999

The majority of fishing vessels(under 20 tonnages) in Korea have a high casualty accident of the flood and capsizing occurred by lack of stability. Actually, it is so difficult to make out the data of inclining and stability tests of small fishing vessels after building, because most of them were built on experiences of manufacturer. According to above reasons, the aim of this study is an attempt to propose a stability criteria of small fishing vessels as follows: Firstly, it is examined that the stability is driven from a transverse metacenter height of actual ships, which is able to obtain a basic drawing and stability data. Secondly, it is examined the heeling at high-speed turning, and the period of rolling according to B/D(breadth/depth). Finally, it is suggested the stability criteria by using a dynamic state which is applied in passenger boat and fishing vessels over 24 meters.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Marine Engineers Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.125-126
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• 2006

This document summarizes the work completed during the interessional period by the IMO SLF correspondence group on the drafting of Safety standards for small fishing vessels, which was established at IMO SLF 48.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.34-43
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• 2012

In order to establish order in fishing industry by cracking down on illegal fishing vessels effectively, it is an essential requirement to identify marking such as the name of fishing vessel and a port of register more easily. Accordingly, it is quite natural that markings on fishing vessels should be marked clearly in an appropriate size on an appropriate site in order for them to be distinguished on the air such as from planes as well as on the sea. Actually, when examining marks such as the name of a vessel which are operating in the country, marks of most fishing vessels are too small as they cannot be distinguished with the naked eye even very closely. There is no coastal fishing vessel which marks the name of fishing vessel on the upper part in order to distinguish it from planes. Fishing vessel law generally which regulates the basic laws about shipbuilding regulates marks on fishing vessel, and fisheries law only regulates sign boards of fishing vessels. Problems and improvement of the marking system on fishing vessels suggested by this paper are as follows. First, in order to contribute to establish order in fishing industry, it would be desirable to tighten standards in fisheries law besides the fishing vessel law. Second, it is difficult to distinguish marks such as the name of a vessel as relevant laws allow fishers to make such marks too small. It is necessary to set the standard for marks larger than those regulated by the international treaty. Third, the relevant laws do not regulate a letter form of marks. Therefore, it becomes a factor to make small marks hard to be distinguished more. It is necessary to decide a clear letter form. Fourth, there is insufficient detailed international standards about the marking system. It is necessary to regulate a detailed standard.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.1308-1318
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• 2016

In order to prevent the maritime accident, all seafarers who work on fishing vessels over G/T 20 tons are required to undergo the basic safety training by the Seafarer's Act. 45% of domestic crews have boarded on the fishing vessels. However, the fishermen have been trained in accordance with the STCW(International convention on standards of training certification and watch-keeping for seafarers) Convention. But safety training courses for seaman do not reflect on the safety equipment and the limitation of the fishing vessel in the training contents which is organized in accordance with the merchant ship by STCW convention and code. Most of the fishing vessels are small fishing boat of less than G/T 80 tons. Small fishing vessels are operating with only a minimum of safety equipment that has been defined by the fishing vessel safety equipment standard. Due to the safety training that does not fit the situation of the fishing boat, the level of satisfaction by the crews onboard is low for the training. Furthermore, there is a difficulty in achieving the goal of safety education. In order to carry out the safety training that is suitable for fishermen, it is required to provide appropriate standards for the safety education of workers of small fishing boat, by understanding the current state of the domestic fishing vessels. The purpose of this study is to define the aforementioned problems and to provide the standard for the safety education of fishermen. In order to complete the purpose, the research team has conducted a analyzation for registered domestic fishing vessel and safety equipment standard.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.173-180
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• 2018

Marine casualties of small fishing vessels (SFV) of less than 20 tons are frequent in Korea. The analysis was conducted to identify the cause and then prepared reduction plan using the marine casualty statistics of fishing vessels for the last five years from 2012 to 2016 by the Korean Maritime Safety Tribunal to reduce the marine casualties of SFV. According to the analysis of the type of whole vessels occurring marine casualty, fishing vessels accounted for an average 68.0 %; moreover, except for 2014 when M/V SEWOL ferry capsizing occurred, the rate of death and missing due to marine casualties occurred from 68.3 % to 91.2 % in fishing vessels, and an average 79.5 % was found to be urgent need of a measure. Marine casualties occurrence depending on the gross tonnage of fishing vessel was found that the most occurred at less than 5 tons, followed by the order of 5 to 10 tons or less. However, crews who boarded on SFV do not have any training program for them, except for the fishing safety training of fisher who carry out fishing for shipowners and crew of the coastal and offshore fishing vessel in accordance with the safety regulations for fishing vessels in the Fisheries Cooperative Association. Therefore, it is necessary to revise the training program so as to improve the preventive action and then emergency response including the fishing safety compliance with each fishery, safe navigation, machinery inspection and emergency response. Also, an SFV of less than 5 tons of 56,000 vessels is boarded by unqualified fishers. It would also be possible to consider subdividing small boat operator's certificate to enhance their qualifications. It is expected that marine casualties of SFV will be reduced if active efforts are made to improve the safety consciousness of fisher and shipowners as well as the reorganization of fishing safety training and the small boat operator's certificate system.