• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.48-61
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• 1995

This study attempted to analyze the health habits affecting health status of industrial workers. Data was collected from 57 industries of 900 workers at Inchon. The research has been carried out through self-administered questionnaire and from the analysis of the health examination records and the results were as follows: 1. Among 861 respondents, men were 81.2%, women were 18.8%, 42, 6% were of the 30-40 age group, the married were 65.7%, the single were 32.5%, the high school graduates were 62.4% and 37.3% were of people who worked between 1 and 5 years. 2. As far as the seven health habits, current smokers were 54.9%, people who regularly exercise was 31.7%, 7-8 hour of sleep, on the average were 74.0%, people eating breakfast nearly every day were 8.0%, and people eating between meals almost every day were 54.2%. Heavy drinkers who drink 3-4 times or more per week were 13.2%, 1-2 times per week were 26.8% and the obese were 4.6%, 3. Health status of A and B, estimated by doctors in the health examination were 81.7% and C, D1, D2, the unhealthy were 18.3%. Men were reported more than women in unhealthy groups and the results regarding health status reflect gender, educational level and age, That is to say that, lower educational level group and over 30 years of age group perceive their health to be worse than the higher educational level and under 30 age group, And these differences were statistically significant. 4. The relationship between health habits and health status, expressed in terms of the odds ratio. Current smokers had a consistently worse health status than a nonsmokers with a 1.36 odds ratio. The workers who reported eating breakfast rarely or never were more associated with the unhealthy group than the regular breakfast eating group with a 2.48 odds ratio. One or more drink per week had a worse health status than a never or a little drinker with a 1.42 odds ratio. 5, The Health habits score and duration of work were selected as significant factors influencing health status based on logistic analysis. According to the results of this model, the odds ratio of good health status was 2.06 for good health habit score, 1.55 for population who worked seven years or more duration of work. As we have seen, good practices were found to be associated with better health and the effect of the health habits was cummulative;those who followed 6-7 health habits were in better health, even though they were older than those who failed to do so. Therefore, in order to provide the health promotion of workers it is necessary to establish a health management plan for an effective health education and health service. If we use this type of study as a prospective study design, we can get a precise basic data for health promotion and a management plan for industrial workers.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2008

Objective : This research was done to discover whether or not workers' health related quality of life(HRQOL) depends on their own Yangseng(養生) level, which is also known as one's care of one's health, and also if their HRQOL is affected by the level, to what extent. The subjects of the study were blue-collar workers of a workplace. Method : Blue-collar workers of a workplace were asked to fill out their pre-organized questionaires given to them by their company as a process of health examination. The questionaires carried questions regarding their levels of Yangseng and their HRQOL. For the purpose of the research, a total of 961 data were selected from the questionaires filled out by the blue-collar workers and then analyzed. Result : Each workers's level of Yangseng becomes high or low by one or all of general characteristics. With regard to Yangseng level according to health-related lifestyle were found to have a relatively higher level of Yangseng. With reference to HRQOL according to general characteristics, those in the 20s were found to have a physical summary scale(PCS), but no significant difference was found in the other scales. As regards the quality of life(QOL) according to health-related lifestyle, those who exercise regularly were found to have a relatively higher PCS, while no smokers, those who do not drink alcoholic, and those who sleep at least seven hours a day were found to have a relatively higher mental summary scale(MCS). As to the relation between the level of Yangseng and HRQOL, the level of Yangseng was found to have an interrelation with PCS and MCS in terms of its degree. Statistics also show that each area of Yangseng level has a significant impact on the two qualities-PCS and MCS. Conclusion : One who has a higher level of Yangseng was found to be the one who enjoys a higher HRQOL. Specially, the three kinds of habits that are good for good health -non-smoking, no drinking and seeping seven hours a day- were found to be able to improve the QOL. In this respect, those who want to stay healthy are recommended to cultivate a healthier habit of living.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.185-193
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• 2012

본 연구는 경남지역의 백세인(100세 이상 자) 88 명을 대상으로 2011년 4월부터 6월까지 약 90여 일간장수 요인과 일상생활 수행능력 도구적 생활수행능력 정도를 파악하기 위한 목적으로 수행하였다. 장수요인으로는 7시간 이상의 충분한 수면(93.6%), 규칙적인 식사(95.5%,) 짠 음식 적게 섭취(69.8%), 그리고 자살을 생각하지 않는 낙관적 사고(86.9%)와 금연(92.0%) 과 절주(86.4%,)로 나타났다. 일상생활수행능력(ADL) 중 목욕하는 것이 가장 힘들었으며 도구적 생활수행능력(IADL)의 경우는 버스나 전철 혼자타기가 가장 힘든 것으로 나타났다. 모든 영역에서 여성이 남성에 비해 일상생활수행능력, 도구적 생활수행능력이 높은 것으로 나타났으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다(p<0.05). 따라서 향후 연구에서는 본 연구의 결과를 토대로 점차 늘어나고 있는 백세인의 신체수행능력 저하를 보완 지지할 수 있는 정책의 개발이 필요한 것으로 사료된다.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.264-271
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• 2007

목 적 : 소아과 외래에서 흔히 접할 수 있는 질환 중 하나인 야뇨증의 진단을 위해서는 병력의 정보를 얻는 것이 중요하다. 그러나 한정된 외래진료 시간에 병력 청취가 쉽지는 않기 때문에 설문지를 이용하여 야뇨증 환아를 단일 증상 야뇨증군과 비단일증상 야뇨증군으로 분류하고 임상양상등을 비교하여 야뇨증의 병형별 진단 및 치료에 도움을 주고자 하였다. 방 법 : 2004년 1월부터 2005년 7월까지 영남대학교 의과대학 부속병원 소아과를 방문하여 야뇨증의 진단이후 첫 내원시 보호자의 동의하에 약물치료 전 약 2-3주의 야뇨일지를 관찰하는 동안 보호자가 환아의 배뇨 습관, 과거력, 치료에 대한 부모와 어린이의 자세 등을 포함한 설문지에 응답을 하여 설문지를 통한 병력청취가 이루어졌고, 이후 지속적인 치료 및 추적 관찰이 가능하였던 34명의 야뇨증 환아를 대상으로 하였다. 결 과 : 단일 증상성 야뇨증 환아는 21명, 비단일 증상성 환아는 13명이었으며, 발달 지연이 있었던 환아는 없었다. 환아 출생 시 분만법, 제대일수, 출생 시 체중, 형제 순서, 잠버릇, 변비, 치료성적에 따른 두 군의 차이는 없었다. 요로 감염의 빈도는 비단일 증상군에서 많았으며, 낮 동안 배뇨빈도와 알러지 병력은 비단일 증상군에서 높은 경향을 나타내었다. 전체 야뇨증 환아의 부모는 병원방문 전 전문 치료 방법으로 한방치료를 52.9%으로 가장 많이 이용하였으나 67.6%에서 효과가 없거나 빈도는 줄었지만 여전히 야뇨가 있다고 하였다. 결 론 : 병력 청취 설문지를 이용한 단일 증상군과 비단일증상군의 비교는 야뇨증 환아의 세부적 진단에 도움이 되며, 치료 방침을 결정하고 치료성적을 향상시키는데 유용한 자료로 기여할 것으로 기대된다. 또한 병원 방문 전 전문 치료로 한방 치료가 많이 선택되고 있어 부모들을 대상으로 야뇨증의 교육이 필요함을 알 수 있었다.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.87-101
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• 2012

이갈이는 이를 갈거나 악무는 것을 포함하는 부기능적인 행위를 말하며 광범위하게는 주간 및 야간에 나타나는 것을 모두 포함한다. 이갈이의 원인으로는 기본적으로 말초성 요인과 중추성 요인으로 나누어 살펴볼 수 있는데 현재까지의 연구 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 중추성 요인이 주로 작용하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이러한 이갈이는 교모, 치경부 미세파절, 교근 비대, 교근 및 측두근의 통증, 턱관절의 통증 및 움직임의 제한, 치아 및 수복물 파절, 치수염, 외상성 교합 등을 유발 할 수 있고 특히 이악물기의 경우 협점막 압흔이나 협점막 백선 또는, 혀의 측면에 압흔 등을 유발한다. 이갈이의 정확한 진단을 위해 구강내 장치, 근전도, 수면다원검사 등을 이용하며 미국수면장애학회의 경우 이갈이의 임상 진단 기준을 제시하고 있다. 그러나 아직까지 이갈이의 명확한 원인이 밝혀져 있지 않기 때문에 치료법의 선택은 신중하여야 한다. 이갈이가 중등도 이상이고 임상 증상이나 징후를 유발하는 경우에 이갈이를 관리하기 위한 방법으로는 위험 요인의 조절, 구강내 장치, 보툴리눔 독소 주사, 약물 치료, 바이오피드백 등이 있으며 구강내 장치 요법이 현재로서 가장 합리적인 방법이다. 이갈이 치료와 교근비대에 대한 심미적인 개선을 같이 원하는 환자에서는 보툴리눔 독소 주사 요법이 이용될 수 있다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.413-422
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the dietary attitude and health on the stress status of office - workers in Seoul. This research was conducted on 389 office workers (224 males and 165 female). In relation to stress, it was found that the degree of stress as an office workers was ′slight′ and much for 45.2% and 40.6%, respectively, of the study population. Consequently, most office workers were found to be under stress. The amount of food intake under stress was found to be ′reduced′, unchanged and increased in 38.3, 37.0 and 24.7%, respectively, of those surveyed. The preferred foods when under stress were found to be alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages, in 57.6% of cases, which was the highest proportion regardless of age, sex, marital status, occupation and educational level. The desired taste when under stress was found to be ′hot′ and sweet in 34.7 and 26.0%, respectively. As to the feeling after food intake, 51.7% responded that food intake was not useful for the relief of stress, which was the highest proportion and many salaried females worried about weight gain. With regard to the relationship between stress, health and nutrition, 69.9% of office workers responded that they thought the relationship of these factors was very high. As for the greatest cause triggering stress, 50.3% responded "due to workplace and job". The best method for relieving stress was to do exercise, with a 30.1 % response, The average score for the degree of stress and tension was 7.2, with 64.0% of office workers having an average level between 6- and 9. The degree of stress was higher for females than males, for unmarried salaried and hot-tempered persons. Those not doing exercise were subject to the highest levels of stress, and those a having sufficient sleep were found to be subject to less stress. Those interested in their health were found to have a good condition and lower levels of stress. In correlation with eating habits, stress, the degree of tension and personality, the F-value was found to be 43.505 (p<0.01), with an explanatory power of 0.294 (29.4%), indicating significant differences. This means that office workers with higher degrees of stress and tension tended to have poorer eating habits. Since bad eating habits have an adverse effect on both the state of physical health and individuals emotional development, for the purpose of correctly managing stress, office workers should make efforts to practice good eating habits.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.65-80
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• 2024

Objectives: This study aims to compare changes in physical factors, health behaviors, eating habits, and nutritional intake among Korean male and female adults over a period of three years (2019-2021) before and after the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: This study utilized raw data from the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2019-2021). The participants in this study included 6,235 individuals in 2019, 5,865 individuals in 2020, and 5,635 individuals in 2021. Individuals whose daily energy intake was less than 500 kcal or exceeded 5,000 kcal were excluded from the study. Results: In comparison to 2019, overweight/obesity rates, weight, waist circumference, weekend sleep hours, and resistance exercise days/week increased in both male and female during the COVID-19 pandemic. Regarding eating habits, the proportions of people skipping breakfast, not eating out, consuming health supplements, and recognizing nutritional labels increased in 2020 and 2021, whereas the rate of skipping dinner decreased. Total energy intake has continued to decrease for the two years since 2019. A comparison of nutrient intake per 1,000 kcal before and after the outbreak of COVID-19 revealed that intake of nutrients, including protein, phosphorus, iron, vitamin A, riboflavin, and niacin increased, while folic acid intake decreased. In male, calcium, phosphorus, riboflavin, and niacin intakes increased, whereas iron, vitamin C, and folic acid intakes decreased. In female, phosphorus, iron, vitamin A, and riboflavin intake increased significantly, while protein and niacin intake decreased significantly. Conclusions: After COVID-19, the obesity rate, breakfast skipping rate, health supplement intake, and nutritional label use increased, while the frequency of eating out, dinner skipping rate, and total energy intake decreased. These environmental changes and social factors highlight the need for nutritional education and management to ensure proper nutritional intake and reduce obesity rates in the post-COVID-19 era.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.95-113
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to investigate the state of the dental health of adults, used self-reporting qestionnaire as objects of 923 residents living in nine districts at random among the sites of eleven town located in a County. The level of knowledge on dental health of adults in a County was 65.6 points out of 100 points, comparatively low. Accodingly, it is necessary for entire adults to have a dental health-related education and get high standard of knowledge. Especially, educational approach should be performed for groups of 40-49 years old, 50-59 years old, above 60 years old, male, no educational background, having only elementary and middle school education, not having any jobs, engaging in agriculture, doing business on their own and so on. When planning the contents of health education, one actually has to include the habit of amalgam, the factor in influencing on dental health as well as show an example such as how to brush teeth, checking point of proper brushing, how to grip toothbrush. The attitude score related to dental heath was 71.2 points out of 100 points, relatively low. Consequently, the change of attitude related the dental health among entire adults is necessary, particularily, the strategical approach is essential to change dental health connected to attitude positively for groups of male, having high school education background, office workers and the civil service. Besides, among dental health related symtoms, more that 30-40％ of objects showed negative attitude toward as the following cases; in case that plaque or food debris are attached to the teeth (40.8％), upper and lower teeth do not fit together(40.3％), you cannot sleep well because of toothache(31.0％), more than one tooth fall out(31.0％), you have loosing teeth(30.6％), the approach should be conducted to form attitude that dental care is necessry. The state of dental health through dental health related symtoms was 33.3 points out of 100 points, which was fairly satisfactory. However, dental treatment for the state of dental health should be executed in case of comparison of the dental health state according to general characteristics, the group who are above 60 years old, have elementary school education background, engage in aggriculture who are not good in dental health state as opposed to other groups. Furthermore, there should be dental care needs according to dental health related symtoms, particularly, more than 60-70％ of objects have experienced symtoms that plaque or food debris attached to the teeth, tartar is on the teeth so dental treatment should be peformed for a large number of adults. In addition, for the people who have indications that there was a cavity, more than one tooth loss, chilled teeth, toothache when chewing, loose teeth, upper and lower teeth do not fit together, you cannnt sleep well due to the toothach, etc, there should be care through dental treatment. The actual conditions of the hygine of the mouth was relatively good and the difference of the actual state of dental health care in terms of general characteristics showed in only gender; female was more careful in dental health. Comparing the state of oral health synthetically, when they have symtoms, only 34.8％ of objects go to a dentist, 60.7％ are using passive or negative care such as gargling, tolerating or ignoring. There was many symtoms to care through dental therapy such as plaque or food debris get in between the teeth, tartar on the teeth, teeth are very cold, more than one tooth fallout, loose teeth, there is wrong amalgam, and so on, among symtoms to care passively or negatively. Therefore the education for proper treatment program should be performed. As a result of dental health-related knowlege, attitude, health state, verification of correlation between the actual condition of care, the higher the dental heath-related knowldege becomes, the more positive the dental health-related attitude is, and the state of dental health, that is, the standard of the symtom of dental health diminishes. the care for dental health executed through more active method and the more positive dental health-related attitude is, the more active means they performed. Consequently, the high level of dental health-related knowledge should be necessary, the more positive the dental health-related attitude was, the more active method they adopted, therefore, the program is needed to form attitude related to the dental health positively. As the knowledge on dental health is increasing, the attitude is also positive, after all, the plan to increase the standard of knowledge on dental health should be contrived through education program related to dental health.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제79권1호
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• pp.14-21
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• 2016

Cough is one of the most common symptom of many respiratory diseases. The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases organized cough guideline committee and cough guideline was developed by this committee. The purpose of this guideline is to help clinicians to diagnose correctly and treat efficiently patients with cough. In this article, we have stated recommendation and summary of Korean cough guideline. We also provided algorithm for acute, subacute, and chronic cough. For chronic cough, upper airway cough syndrome (UACS), cough variant asthma (CVA), and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) should be considered. If UACS is suspicious, first generation anti-histamine and nasal decongestant can be used empirically. In CVA, inhaled corticosteroid is recommended in order to improve cough. In GERD, proton pump inhibitor is recommended in order to improve cough. Chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, bronchiolitis, lung cancer, aspiration, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, habit, psychogenic cough, interstitial lung disease, environmental and occupational factor, tuberculosis, obstructive sleep apnea, peritoneal dialysis, and idiopathic cough can be also considered as cause of chronic cough. Level of evidence for treatment is mostly low. Thus, in this guideline, many recommendations are based on expert opinion. Further study regarding treatment for cough is mandatory.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.495-505
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• 2016

본 연구는 산업체에 근무하는 직장인의 근무형태별 특성을 살펴보고 그에 따라 식습관에는 어떠한 상관관계가 있는지 알아보고자 광주광역시 광산구에 소재한 K 제조 공장에 재직 중인 근로자를 대상으로 식습관과 직무스트레스에 관한 설문조사를 실시하고, 이를 토대로 하여 근무형태에 따른 식습관 특성을 살펴보았다. 연구대상자의 나이는 40~49세 및 50세 이상이 가장 많았으며 근무기간은 근무형태와 상관없이 대부분 10년 이상의 경력에 하루 평균 8~10시간을 근무하였다. 단순분석에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보인 연령, 근무기간, 평균근무시간, 교육수준, 가족월 평균수입, 주관적 건강인식, 중등도 신체활동여부, 음주량, 흡연량, 수면시간, 이상지질혈증 처음진단시기를 보정하여 조사대상자들의 식습관, 카페인 섭취량, 직무스트레스 정도를 분석한 결과 평소의 식사량에 대해 비교대근무 근로자가 $1.4{\pm}0.9$, 교대근무 근로자가 $1.1{\pm}0.5$로 나타나 유의한 차이를 보였고 (p < 0.001), 균형 잡힌 식사 정도는 비교대근무 근로자가 $1.5{\pm}0.6$, 교대근무 근로자 $1.3{\pm}0.4$로 유의한 차이가 나타났다 (p = 0.005). '채소 섭취'는 비교대근무 근로자가 $1.9{\pm}0.7$, 교대 근무 근로자 $1.7{\pm}0.5$로 유의한 차이를 보였고 (p = 0.024), '해조류 섭취' 역시 비교대근무 근로자자 $1.7{\pm}0.6$, 교대근무 근로자 $1.5{\pm}0.4$로 교대근무자에 비하여 유의하게 높았다 (p = 0.049). 반면 '1일 3끼의 식사 중 거르는 일이 있습니까'는 비교대근무에서 $2.1{\pm}0.8$ 교대근무에서 $2.5{\pm}0.5$로 식습관 조사 항목 중 유일하게 교대근무 근로자에서 유의하게 높았다 (p = 0.001). 또한 근무형태별 식습관 점수 합계는 비교대근무 $16.1{\pm}0.6$, 교대근무 $14.0{\pm}0.3$으로 비교대근무 근로자가 유의하게 높았다 (p = 0.035). 직무요구도에서 받는 직무스트레스 정도는 비교대근무에서 $46.2{\pm}2.6$, 교대근무에서 $34.0{\pm}1.4$로 비교대근무에서 유의하게 높게 나타났으며 (p = 0.001), 직무 자율성 결여는 교대 근무 근로자가 $50.7{\pm}1.0$, 비교대근무 근로자가 $44.2{\pm}1.0$으로 교대근무 근로자가 유의하게 높았다 (p < 0.001). 조직적 관리체계에 대한 직무 스트레스는 교대근무 $57.0{\pm}1.2$, 비교대근무 $50.9{\pm}2.0$로 교대근무 근로자에서 유의하게 높았다 (p = 0.036). 연구대상자들의 직무스트레스 정도에 따른 제요인 분석은 스트레스 정도의 총합으로부터 정도에 따라 백분위수로 구분하여 분석하였다. 직무스트레스를 가장 적게 받는 근무형태는 교대근무 근로자로 28.1%를 나타냈고, 직무스트레스를 가장 많이 받는 근무형태는 교대근무 근로자에 비해 비교대근무 근로자가 39.7%로 나타나 유의하게 높았다 (p < 0.001). 이상의 결과를 종합하여 보면 교대근무 근로자는 중등도 신체활동과 음주량 및 흡연자가 비교대근무 근로자에 비해 높았으며, 식습관도 좋지 않았다. 사무직을 포함하는 비교대근무 근로자는 교대근무 근로자들에 비해 신체활동이 적고, 직무스트레스를 더 많이 받으며, 식습관은 다소 높게 나타났으나, 전반적인 식습관 평가 점수는 비교대근무 근로자와 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과에도 불구하고 본 연구의 제한점 및 제언은 다음과 같다. 설문조사가 재직근로자의 일부에 국한되었고, 대상자들의 설문결과 근무형태와 무관하게 전반적으로 이상지질혈증 유병률이 높게 나타났으며, 사무직과 생산직 근로자를 포함한 비교대 근로자가 생산직 교대 근무자들에 비해 식행동이 바람직하지 못하고, 직무스트레스를 더 많이 받는 것으로 나타났으나, 본 연구가 단면연구로서 서로의 인과관계를 유추하기에는 한계가 있었다. 따라서 후속연구로는 사무직과 생산직에 근무하는 비교대 근로자 간에, 혹은 생산직에만 근무하는 비교대 근로자와 교대근로자 간의 식습관과 직무스트레스 차이를 비교하는 세분화된 연구가 필요할 것이다.