• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.706-713
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• 2021

Objective: To evaluate the impact of surgical simulation training using a three-dimensional (3D)-printed model of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) on surgical skill development. Materials and Methods: A life-size congenital heart disease model was printed using a Stratasys Object500 Connex2 printer from preoperative electrocardiography-gated CT scans of a 6-month-old patient with TOF with complex pulmonary stenosis. Eleven cardiothoracic surgeons independently evaluated the suitability of four 3D-printed models using composite Tango 27, 40, 50, and 60 in terms of palpation, resistance, extensibility, gap, cut-through ability, and reusability of. Among these, Tango 27 was selected as the final model. Six attendees (two junior cardiothoracic surgery residents, two senior residents, and two clinical fellows) independently performed simulation surgeries three times each. Surgical proficiency was evaluated by an experienced cardiothoracic surgeon on a 1-10 scale for each of the 10 surgical procedures. The times required for each surgical procedure were also measured. Results: In the simulation surgeries, six surgeons required a median of 34.4 (range 32.5-43.5) and 21.4 (17.9-192.7) minutes to apply the ventricular septal defect (VSD) and right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) patches, respectively, on their first simulation surgery. These times had significantly reduced to 17.3 (16.2-29.5) and 13.6 (10.3-30.0) minutes, respectively, in the third simulation surgery (p = 0.03 and p = 0.01, respectively). The decreases in the median patch appliance time among the six surgeons were 16.2 (range 13.6-17.7) and 8.0 (1.8-170.3) minutes for the VSD and RVOT patches, respectively. Summing the scores for the 10 procedures showed that the attendees scored an average of 28.58 ± 7.89 points on the first simulation surgery and improved their average score to 67.33 ± 15.10 on the third simulation surgery (p = 0.008). Conclusion: Inexperienced cardiothoracic surgeons improved their performance in terms of surgical proficiency and operation time during the experience of three simulation surgeries using a 3D-printed TOF model using Tango 27 composite.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.149-159
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• 2008

The purposes of this study are to analyze abnormal dilatation of the extrahepatic bile ducts by using transabdominal ultrasound, to confirm the existence of bile ducts diseases and their interrelationship, and for it to give a new theoretical basis for the technical access to extrahepatic bile ducts, upon which to analyze the ripple effects of the scan training. After teaching technical access process based on the new theory about extrahepatic bile duct to the thirty students who are studying ultrasonography, we allocated three hours per one student (30 mins ${\times}$ 6 times) to focus on the training of scanning skill. Training has been performed by one-to-one method. For evaluation, all the students have to perform the scans on (1) confluence of the right and left hepatic ducts (extrahepatic bile ducts and cystic duct), (2) the suprapancreatic bile duct, (3) the intrapancreatic bile duct, (4) intrapapilla Duct, based on the clearly divided concept. The existing training and methods have had low confidency about transabdominal ultrasonography of the extrahepatic bile duct and had limitation with which they could image only the suprapancreatic bile duct. The evaluation after finishing the train based on the new theory, however, all the students (30students) can access to (1) confluence of the right and left hepatic ducts(extrahepatic bile ducts and cystic duct), (2) the suprapancreatic bile duct objectively. 24 students can access to (3) the intrapancreatic bile duct and only one student can even make an image for (4) the intrapapilla Duct Though the evaluation on extrahepatic bile duct has to be performed with multi-sided method considering intrahepatic cause, bile duct cause and pathophysiological cause, only if we can image the extrahepatic bile duct to ampular of Vater objectively and confidently, we can greatly reduce invasive procedure such as ERCP, which is for the purpose of simple differential diagnosis and painful to the patients. Therefore if we concentrate on the scanning train based on the new theory to raise the confidency about ultrasonography, the effect will be doubled.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.13-27
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• 2007

The role of school as a key setting for health promotion practices should be empathized. However, there were limitations for the effectiveness of school health promotion practices in Korea because of the lack of recognition about its importance, social support, guiding principles of the school health promotion services by the school health related law, and cooperation between school and community. The purpose of this study was to analyse the advanced cases from The United States, Japan, Europe and Australia, and to evaluate the applicability to school health promotion services in Korea for establishing the strategy for effective implementation of school health promotion program in Korea. Four cases of school health program were selected for analysis, including Coordinated School Health Program and National School Health Strategies in the USA, Healthy Japan21, National School Health Initiative in Australia and the European Network of Health Promoting Schools. Major conclusions were as follows: 1. Advanced cases of school health programs were comprehensive in nature. 2. Integrated school and community health promotion efforts was emphasized. mostly. 3. Governmental agencies played an active role in conducting surveillance activities to monitor priority health risk behaviors, developing school health program and training manual, providing periodic program evaluation. 4. Life skill focused health education was the key component for the comprehensive school health program. For the improvement of efficiency in school health promotion practices, above advanced strategies for school health promotion program would be necessary.

• The Journal of Korean Institute for Practical Engineering Education
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.19-24
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• 2009

It is necessary that the industry has to develop various automated control technology for efficient creation of manufacture automation system according to rapid market situation. One of the technologies is the fused complex control based on PLC-based controlled system. According to rapid growth and distribution of various automated control technologies using PLC, the engineers in automation, Production and manufacturing technologies fields have difficulties in systematic studying on the technologies by choosing an optimal route due to various industry-applied examples and ranges, in spite that the technology is essential. Therefore, the researchers indicate applied outputs and effects extracted by systematically developing systematic company-specified training program by analyzing education procedure drawbacks for S-company engineers.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.243-249
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• 2013

Objectives: This study assessed the status of domestic industrial hygiene laboratories using data from on-site investigation for revision of quality control systems in 2012-2013. Methods: The target laboratories were 60 industrial hygiene laboratories chosen by random selection and nationwide distribution which had participated in on-site investigations for revision of quality control systems from March 2012 to August 2013. The investigation was performed on-site following standard quality control procedures. The score between each group was compared using Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests, and the correlation between analytical career, sex, academic major of analyst and score of analytical performance was expressed as Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Results: The assessment revealed that the items to be improved, in sequence, were effort at staff training (score 65.5), ability to calculate data (score 73.4), establishment of internal quality control guidelines (score 75.7), laboratory facilities (score 77.1), degree of understanding and skill at gas chromatography (score 77.1). Analysis performance showed a positive correlation with career of analyst (r=0.56, p<0.01). Conclusions: The practice of on-site investigation for quality control systems showed the current status of industrial hygiene laboratories in the first trial. There were many laboratories which needed improvement and development of analytical systems. This assessment can provide information for the systematic operation and improvement of facilities at each laboratory. Further practice of this investigation will lead to a proficiency testing and accreditation system for autonomous quality control as is the practice in many countries, rather than mandatory practice by legal regulation.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.501-513
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• 2016

Purpose: The current challenges faced by nurses in providing high quality and evidence-based practice (EBP) supported care require profound changes in nursing education. To understand the changes needed to strengthen EBP education, the researchers examined EBP self-efficacy, course needs, barriers, and facilitators for academic faculty and clinical nurse preceptors to teach EBP in undergraduate nursing curricula. Methods: For this study, mixed-method approach was used with survey data collected from 73 academic faculty members from 54 universities. Further, 17 clinical nurse preceptors in three academic hospitals provided qualitative data for exploration of barriers and facilitators to teaching EBP. Data analysis used SPSS/WIN 21.0 and content analysis. Results: Quantitative data showed that although the overall level of self-efficacy among faculty was moderate, the implementation levels were relatively low. Most faculty members agreed with the need to integrate EBP courses into undergraduate nursing curricula. The qualitative data showed that the barriers to teaching EBP were lack of knowledge, skill, and initial investment for teaching EBP; hierarchical, rules-oriented nursing culture; potential learner overloads in processing EBP; limited research dissemination and application. Facilitators were identified as the importance of EBP to the profession of nursing; collaboration in schools and hospitals; and continuing education in teaching/utilizing EBP. Conclusion: The findings indicate that for successful integration of EBP ni nursing education there is a need for faculty training and integrated EBP courses.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.141-152
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• 2016

Recently, not only development of curriculum associated directly with job, the development of new education model is in great need. So, the purpose of this study is to develop the instructional design guideline utilizing goal-based scenario(GBS) for college students who major in culinary arts. First, to achieve this goal, we recognized the 7 core elements(learning goal, mission, cover story, role activity, scenario operating, resource, feedback) composing GBS through literature review and case study. Second, we drew a conclusion about the problem and guideline for traditional culinary practice course by conducting inspection about culinary practice environment and needs with professors who are teaching culinary arts. Third, we applied the instructional design guideline for culinary practice to regular classes according to GBS's factors, and then we did formative evaluation with content experts and educational technology expert. Finally, we designed the final instructional design guideline for culinary practice by modifying early model reflected the result of formative evaluation. The results of this study are as following. First, when we applied GBS to culinary practice, professors have to focus on process of materialization by developing easy scenario to students. Also, they have to prepare the class circumstance to feel about sense of realism in advance. Second, to give a conjugally new skill at working, professors's effort is important. culinary practice education at college has responsibility to carry out the vocational training that has competitiveness and difference with labor market's needs. Therefore, it is necessary for us to develop the teaching and learning model for culinary practice which is suitable for major based on the manpower demand for industry without causing job mismatch from demand for industry.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.601-607
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) knowledge and performance in the dental hygiene students in Gyeongju. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 106 dental hygiene students in Gyeongju. The questionnaire consisted of CPR knowledge and performance, and was collected from April 4 to 12. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 18.0 by t-test, correlation analysis, ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis. Results: The average age of the subjects was 20.6 years and 97.2% were female students. The students did not experience the emergency situation(96.2%). Approximately half of the students received CPR education(51.9%), but they did not have the CPR certificate(94.3%). There was a significantly statistical correlation between the CPR knowledge and performance(p<0.01). The CPR knowledge was proportional to the CPR performance skill. The CPR knowledge (p<0.05) and performance (p<0.01) showed a statistical difference by the grade of the students. The CPR knowledge of the senior students was higher than that of the freshmen and sophomore. The CPR knowledge (p<0.01) and performance (p<0.01) showed a statistical difference by the education experience. The CPR education provided the students with CPR knowledge and performance. Conclusions: In order to promote and maintain CPR knowledge and performance on dental hygiene student, it should be reinforced the more systematic training program which can be repeatedly evaluated and retrained than the present. In addition, a follow-up study will also be needed for the student and clinical dental hygienist.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.4 no.5
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• pp.15-26
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• 1981

While one characteristic of modern enterprises is that their forms are mostly stock company type profit organization the other characteristic is that such modern enterprises have mostly been managing under separation between capital and management. The term "Separation of ownership and Management" means that a company is controlled and managed not by its financier or investor but by the professional manager equipped with scientific management skill and knowledge. Nowadays, separation between capital and management could be adopted by advent of professional managers, and the enterprises are managed not exclusively by the interested group of stockholders but by the professional managers Professional managers can manage their enterprises in such a way as to guarantee to achieve sociality and public interests required in the modern enterprises. The purpose of this study is to formalize management ideology of enterprises in Daegu Area by means of comparative study on the degree of separation of ownership and management among enterprises in the United States, Japan and Daegu Area, thus to advise enterprising men of management idea-logy formalized. Findings from the comparative study are as follows 1. There are differences in staffing and financing between enterprises of the United States and those of Japan and Daegu Area. 2. Degree of Separation of ownership and management in Japan and Daegu Area is much less than that of the United States, and 3. The degree of separation of ownership and management is higher in open enterprises in Daegu Area. Accordingly. enterprises in Daegu Area should adopt up-to-data management theory and techniques in order to be developed themselves, and furthermore, to contribute to both the nation and the local community in economic development. In modern industrial society, the scale enterprise organization is growing very rapidly and the managerial circumstances are very much complicate and variable , thus the demand for the competent managers equipped with management knowledge and ability are high. The necessity of systematic and efficient managerial training is social demand needed urgently in modern industrial society. Therefore, it is necessary for the enterprising men in Daegu Area to establish cooperation system between university and industry in which they can participate voluntarily.luntarily.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.16-22
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• 2002

After that Internet was introduced to Korea, Web page has developed from text centered to graphic-centered at its fist stage. At the present, it is improving to a design for users. Furthermore, with the acceleration of Information super-highway construction and generalization of basic technology for multi-media, the educational environment has transformed to demander-focused and internet basis service which transcends time and space. Consequently, the educational structure is converting from instructors unilateral lead to student-centered. Additionally, the common usage and digitalization of information have an effect on progress of education quality and cost saving. Although there are plenty of educational web pages on internet, we can notice that many of them are inconvenient for users to put into practice. The reason is that many experts overlook the fundamental which is the basic skill for design and understanding of Web must be accompanied with Web design. Therefore, this thesis will find out the points users should consider for use of Web page and realize the educational web page, reflected for VRML training.