• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.388-397
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• 2012

Recently, one of the received attraction fields in web based service is 'Human Relationship Service' that is called SNS. This relationship map service is able to deliver information to user more easily and visually because it is intuitive data that is linked with offline real world. While past map service put physical real information in the map, present map service is evolving into new communicative platform that expresses social relationship beyond simple search platform that shows real world. In this paper, we propose smart social grid system using sketch map that is based on online map service structure. This system has features such as standardized interface provision for various SNS, use to governance hub tool in case of establishing a personal network through expanded social grid, a role of bridge to mashup software linked with other SNS, user environment construction that reproduces social grid data, and the faster service setup by improved search technology.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.1736-1744
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• 2009

In this paper, we present an animation sketching system using a two layered approach. Animation sketching is a popular technique to create informal animations but it is often suffered by the low-quality output due to a trade-off between convenience and complexity. Our aim is to support sketching practical animation scenes easily and fast while not complicating the simple sketching interface. The key idea is to combine two conceptual stop motion layers, a whiteboard and cutout animation layer, in a seamless interface. As a background, the whiteboard animation layer handles stroke-oriented objects, while the cutout animation layer takes charge of transform-oriented objects. We found that this approach enables users to express more complicated animation fast while still maintaining a concise sketching interface. We demonstrate the usability and flexibility through resulting animations from user experiments.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.39-50
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• 2010

Interactive broadcasting service using wired/wireless Internet return channel has strong ripple effect. It allows the audiences to participate actively to the program they are watching, and communicating. This paper develops an authoring tool that makes an object-formed interactive advertisement from extracted areas of the advertising object the user specified in TV programs. In the authoring tool, the advertisement producer specifies the target object subjectively and the selected object keeps moving here and there repeatedly. Therefore, it is hard to make an object-formed interactive advertisement with existing tools. This paper suggests sketch-based interface technique for extracting advertising objects, and also provide evaluation functions to correct any sketch error. This paper also converts the area of object into MPEG-4 BIFS codes for authoring the object-formed interactive advertisement.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.109-117
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• 2008

Compared to the existing PC which uses a mouse and a keyboard, the touchscreen-based portable PC allows the user to use fingers, requiring new operation methods. However, current touchscreen-based web browser operations in many cases involve merely having fingers move simply like a mouse and click, or not corresponding well to the user's sensitivity and the structure of one's index finger, making itself difficult to be used during walking. Therefore, the goal of this study is to develop finger gestures which facilitate the interaction between the interface and the user, and make the operation easier. First, based on the frequency of usage in the web browser and preference, top eight functions were extracted. Then, the users' structural knowledge was visualized through sketch maps, and the finger gestures which were applicable in touchscreens were derived through the Meaning in Mediated Action method. For the front/back page, and up/down scroll functions, directional gestures were derived, and for the window closure, refresh, home and print functions, letter-type and icon-type gestures were drawn. A validation experiment was performed to compare the performance between existing operation methods and the proposed one in terms of execution time, error rate, and preference, and as a result, directional gestures and letter-type gestures showed better performance than the existing methods. These results suggest that not only during the operation of touchscreen-based web browser in portable PC but also during the operation of telematics-related functions in automobile, PDA and so on, the new gestures can be used to make operation easier and faster.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.960-967
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• 2015

In this paper, we propose a user interface technique based on embedded sensors applying to apps in smart phone. Especially, we implement avata generation application using image filtering technique for photo image in smart phone. In the application, The embedded sensors are used as intuitive user interface to adjust the image filtering effect for making user satisfied effect in real time after the system produced the image filtering effect for avatar. This technique provides not a simple typed method of parameter values adjustment but a new intuitively emotional adjustment method in image filtering applications. The proposed technique can use sound values from embedded mike sensor for adjusting key values of sketch filter effect if the smart phone user produces sound. Similiarly the proposed technique can use coordinate values from embedded acceleration sensor for adjusting masking values of oil painting filter effect and use brightness values from embedded light sensor for adjusting masking values of sharp filter effect. Finally, we implement image filtering application and evaluate efficiency and effectiveness for the proposed technique.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.40-54
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• 1999

In this paper, we describe a new trademark retrieval system based upon the content or the shape of trademark. The system has an on-line graphical user interface for the World Wide Web (WWW) that allows user to provide a query in forms of a sketch or a visual image to search for similar trademarks from database. User interfaces for the WWW were implemented by utilizing HTML and Java applets. The query can occur in arbitrary size and orientation. A shape representation scheme invariant to scale and rotation was developed to measure the similarity between two trademarks using the magnitude of Zernike moments as a feature set. Performance evaluation has been carried out with a database of 3,000 trademarks. It takes only about 0.6 second for the retrieval on a 200 MHz Pentium PC. The average recall of the original one among top 30 candidates queried by noisy or deformed images was 100%.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.1082-1093
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• 2011

Traditional rendering of cartoon character cannot revive the feeling of concept drawings properly. In this paper, we propose capture technology to get toon shading model from the concept drawings and with this technique, we provide a new novel system to render 3D cartoon character. Benefits of this system is to cartoonize the 3D character according to saliency to emphasize the form of 3D character and further support the sketch-based user interface for artists to edit shading by post-production. For this, we generate texture automatically by RGB color sorting algorithm to analyze color distribution and rates of selected region. In the cartoon rendering process, we use saliency as a measure to determine visual importance of each area of 3d mesh and we provide a novel cartoon rendering algorithm based on the saliency of 3D mesh. For the fine adjustments of shading style, we propose a user interface that allow the artists to freely add and delete shading to a 3D model. Finally, this paper shows the usefulness of the proposed system through user evaluation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2008.06b
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• pp.250-255
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• 2008

다양한 스타일의 인간 동작을 쉽고 빠르게 생성하는 일은 캐릭터 애니메이션에서 매우 중요한 문제이다 실제로 이러한 애니메이션을 만드는데 있어서 가장 고품질의 결과를 얻을 수 있는 방법은, 전문 애니메이터가 3차원 애니메이션 제작 도구를 사용하여 직접 만드는 것이다. 하지만 일반 사용자가 이와 비슷한 애니메이션을 만드는 것은 어려운 일이다. 이 논문에서는 누구나 쉽게, 그리고 일정 품질 이상으로 3차원 캐릭터 애니메이션을 제작할 수 있는 시스템을 제안한다. 이를 위해서 스케치기반 인터페이스와 모션 데이터베이스를 이용한다. 스케치기반 인터페이스는 일반 사용자가 어렵게 느낄 수 있는, 키 프레임을 쉽고 빠르게 지정할 수 있도록 도와준다. 모션 데이터베이스는 이러한 키 프레임을 설정을 돕고, 애니메이션 제작에 필요한 키 프레임 수를 줄인다. 이 방법으로 누구나 원하는 애니메이션을 쉽고 빠르게 생성할 수 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.455-458
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• 2011

최근 모바일 기기의 사용이 활발해지고 있고 모바일 기기에서의 입력방식은 터치스크린을 이용한 입력방식이 주로 이용되고 있다. 또한 소셜 네트워크 서비스(SNS)의 사용자 급증의 영향으로 모바일 기기를 이용한 소셜 네트워크 서비스의 사용자 수 역시 급증하고 있는 추세이다. 본 논문에서는 소셜 네트워크 서비스에서 타인에게 사용자의 감정을 더 쉽게 전달 할 수 있도록 사용자에게 스케치 정보를 입력받아 사용자의 감정을 표현하는 한 장의 자연스러운 그림을 생성하고 모바일 환경에서 사용자가 더 쉽게 스케치 정보를 완성할 수 있도록 하는 유저 인터페이스를 제안한다.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.629-636
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• 2012

Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare the characteristics of single and double finger gestures related on the web browser and to extract the appropriate finger gestures. Background: As electronic equipment emphasizes miniaturization for improving portability various interfaces are being developed as input devices. Electronic devices are made smaller, the gesture recognition technology using the touch-based interface is favored for easy editing. In addition, user focus primarily on the simplicity of intuitive interfaces which propels further research of gesture based interfaces. In particular, the fingers in these intuitive interfaces are simple and fast which are users friendly. Recently, the single and double finger gestures are becoming more popular so more applications for these gestures are being developed. However, systems and software that employ such finger gesture lack consistency in addition to having unclear standard and guideline development. Method: In order to learn the application of these gestures, we performed the sketch map method which happens to be a method for memory elicitation. In addition, we used the MIMA(Meaning in Mediated Action) method to evaluate gesture interface. Results: This study created appropriate gestures for intuitive judgment. We conducted a usability test which consisted of single and double finger gestures. The results showed that double finger gestures had less performance time faster than single finger gestures. Single finger gestures are a wide satisfaction difference between similar type and difference type. That is, single finger gestures can judge intuitively in a similar type but it is difficult to associate functions in difference type. Conclusion: This study was found that double finger gesture was effective to associate functions for web navigations. Especially, this double finger gesture could be effective on associating complex forms such as curve shaped gestures. Application: This study aimed to facilitate the design products which utilized finger and hand gestures.