• 대한견주관절학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한견주관절학회 2009년도 제17차 학술대회
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• pp.74-74
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to estimate force of muscles that constituted the rotator cuff during elevation motion in scapula plane, using a skeletal muscle model and quantitatively evaluate rotator cuff function in vivo. A healthy volunteer was measured with an open MR and CT system at elevation positions in scapula plane (MR: $30^{\circ}$, $60^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$, $120^{\circ}$, $150^{\circ}$, CT: $0^{\circ}$). After reconstruction three-dimensional MRI-based and CT-based bone surface models, matched each models with registration technique. Then supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, teres minor, deltoid (anterior, middle, posterior portions) represented as plural lines. These lines were proportional to physiologic cross-sectional area (PCSA) and defined straight line to bind origin and insertion. Force of supraspinatus became greatest at $59^{\circ}$ of elevation. Subsequently force of deltoid middle portion became greatest at $89^{\circ}$ of elevation. Infraspinatus and subscapularis were active at the meantime. In addition, supraspinatus was active during elevation. These results resembled clinical finding and were proved force couples that contribute to mobility and stability of shoulder complex.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.373-381
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• 2017

Hippocampus abdominalis, the big belly sea horse, is widely known for its medicinal value in Chinese folk medicine. In this study, extract obtained by proteolytic degradation of this species was investigated for its effects on skeletal muscle development, both in vitro and in vivo. Muscle cell lines ($C_2C_{12}$ and $L_6$) treated with the bioactive peptide did not have any detrimental effects on the cell viability, which was above 80%. Optical microscopy analysis on the morphology of the sea horse extract (SHE)-treated cells showed enhanced differentiating ability with myotube formation. Moreover, cells incubated with the hydrolysate displayed decreased proliferation rate, as recorded by the electric cell substrate impedance sensing system, thereby supporting enhanced differentiation. For a period of 12 weeks, mice models were fed with SHE and simultaneously subjected to treadmill exercise, which increased the expression of Myogenin, a key myogenic regulatory factor. In addition, there was an increase in the expression of AMPK- and Cytochrome C, both of which are important in mitochondrial biogenesis. Thus, the SHE from Hippocampus abdominalis can be a promising candidate as protein supplement aiding muscle development.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.320-327
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• 2021

Objective: The community has implemented a variety of exercise programs for the elderly population. However, studies comparing changes in the cardiovascular system through body composition and blood analysis after applying aqua aerobic exercise are insufficient. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a 12 weeks aqua exercise on body composition and cardiovascular index in elderly women. Design: Non-equivalence pre-post design. Methods: Thirty elderly women were assigned to aquarobic group(n=15) and control group(n=15). The aquarobic exercise was 60 minutes per every session, 2times per week, for 12weeks. Weight, skeletal muscle mass, body fat percentage, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol were measured before and after the exercise program. Paired and independent t-tests were performed using SPSS program. Results: The result showed was weight(p<0.05), body fat percentage(p<0.05), total cholesterol(p<0.05), triglyceride(p<0.05), HDL cholesterol(p<0.05), and LDL cholesterol(p<0.05) were significantly decreased and skeletal muscle mass(p>0.05) was not significantly increased after aquatic exercise program. Conclusions: According to the study result, aqua exercise program made a positive effect in the improvement of obesity and cardiovascular function in elderly women. Therefore, we suggest that you actively consider implementing the Aquarobic exercise program when operating the community health promotion program in the future. In addition, in future studies, comparative studies according to various ages and genders and studies on the effects of aqua aerobic exercise as a community exercise program for chronically illness patients are needed.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2004년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1642-1647
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• 2004

In this article, we present the development of the automated system for adjusting the 6 D.O.F circular fixator. The system includes scheduling software to adjust the Hexapod Circular Fixator (HCF) and an automated strut system with the ability of the multiple synchronized motion. HCF was designed to control a 6 degree-of-freedom Ilizarove fixator and it's mechanism is known as the Stewart Platform. HCF scheduler evaluates each value of altered length of the HCF struts to correct the complex skeletal deformity by using the X-ray data of the patient. The data of HCF scheduler feed into the automated strut system which be able to provide the scheduled adjustment and the automated strut is synchronized by input data.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회A
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• pp.1411-1414
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• 2008

It is reported that mechanical stimulation takes a role in improving cell growth in skeletal system. And various research groups have showed that developed bioreactor to stimulate cell-seeded and threedimensional scaffold. In this study, we designed a custom-made bioreactor capable of applying controlled compression to cell-seeded agarose gel. This device consisted of a circulation system and compression system. In circular system, culture chamber was sealed for prohibiting contamination and media solution was circulated by pump. In compression system, mechanical stimuli were controlled by LabVIEW software and mechanical transfer system. Cell-encapsulated agarose gels were cultured for up to 7 days. There were significant differences between the number of cells grown in dynamic cell culture and in static cell culture from 3 days to 7 days.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.26-51
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• 1995

The present study was designed to examine effect of long term weight-training on aging atrophy in the rat skeletal muscle. Male rats of 8, 15, and 24 month old were used. Each age groups included control and weight-training for 5 months by using body press apparatus. The histo- and cytochemical, ultrastructural and stereological changes in aging skeletal muscles of the rat were observed in the present study. During the training period the body weight and muscular weight in all groups except the rectus femoris and the gastrocnemius in young age groups remained constant, but muscular weights were increased in the rectus femoris and the gastrocnemius muscles in young age groups. In trained rat, the volume density of muscle fiber type IIA and IIB were increased, but those of type IIC was decreased. Type I remained constant in 8 and 15 month old age groups, but reduced in the tibialis anterior and the gastrocnemius muscles in the 24 month old groups. Some histotological and ultrastructural changes associated with age were found: numerical increase of cytiplasmic vacuoles, lysosomes, lipofuscins, and irregularity of myofibrils. At 24 month old groups some unusual formation of contraction band and muscle splitting were observed. After weight-training, ultrastructural degenerative changes occured in the type I muscle fiber, such as splitting of muscle fiber, disorganization of myofilaments, swelling of mitochondria, accumulation of many lipid droplets, appearance of many lysosomes and residual bodies and necrotic fibers, in the old age groups. But, in the type II muscle fibers hypertrophy of muscle fiber appeared without any noticible damage as the type I. The activities of $Mg^{++}$ -ATPase decreased with age and this enzyme activities in the trained rat were significantly decreased with age. Activities of the acid phosphatase were increased with age and significantly in the trained rat. In stereological analysis, volume density of the myofibrils and the tubular system were increased, on the other hand there mitochondrial capacity was decreased. These experimental results suggested that old rats are not susceptible to be affected by weight-training as young rats, and that physical capacity of the rats must be considered when old rats are exercised for training.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.3357-3362
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• 2013

The human skeleton is the most common organ to be affected by metastatic cancer and bone metastases are a major cause of cancer morbidity. The five most frequent cancers in Malaysia among males includes prostate whereas breast cancer is among those in females, both being associated with skeletal lesions. Bone metastases weaken bone structure, causing a range of symptoms and complications thus developing skeletal-related events (SRE). Patients with SRE may require palliative radiotherapy or surgery to bone for pain, having hypercalcaemia, pathologic fractures, and spinal cord compression. These complications contribute to a decline in patient healthrelated quality of life. The multidimensional assessment of health-related quality of life for those patients is important other than considering a beneficial treatment impact on patient survival, since the side effects of treatment and disease symptoms can significantly impact health-related quality of life. Cancer treatment could contribute to significant financial implications for the healthcare system. Therefore, it is essential to assess the health-related quality of life and treatment cost, among prostate and breast cancer patients in countries like Malaysia to rationalized cost-effective way for budget allocation or utilization of health care resources, hence helping in providing more personalized treatment for cancer patients.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.111-119
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• 2007

Firemen are directly exposed to various harmful chemicals, physical factors and mental stress during rescue and fire-fighting. In fire extinguishing, unstable posture, poisonous gas, dust, high temperature and heavy equipments are possible hazardous factors. The alertness for emergency, shift work, job strain and stress are also possibly hazardous. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of musculo-skeletal symptoms and job stress and to determine risk factors in firemen. This study was carried out in a group of 226 firemen in Busan City, Korea. Standardized Nordic Questionnaire was used to investigate the prevalence of musculo-skeletal symptoms and Psycho-social Well-being Index (abbreviated PWI) was used to investigate the prevalence of job stress. General and occupational characteristics were included education, marital status, alcohol and smoking history, working duration, and work shift system. Body mass index (BMI) scores were calculated by physical examination including height and weight. Concerning musculo-skeletal complaints, the commonest site was neck, and shoulder, lower back, upper back were the next. Complaint site above one area of body was about 80%. From multiple logistic regression analysis, working duration was significant variable in musculo-skeletal symptoms. Odds ratio were 15.4 in working duration. About 16.8% was high risk stress group. From multiple logistic regression analysis, shift work and alcohol drinking were significant variables in PWI scores. Odds ratios were 2.25 in shift work. Accordingly, interventions are needed for health promotion of long term and shift worker.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.523-526
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• 2014

세마리의 개가 골절을 주증으로 내원하였다. 증례 1(1.8 kg의 5개월령 암컷 몰티즈)과 증례 2(3.0 kg의 6개월령 암컷 푸들)는 좌측 후지의 체중부중을 하지 않는 파행을, 증례 3(3.3 kg의 나이를 알 수 없는 암컷 잡종견)은 좌측 전지의 체중부중을 하지 않는 파행을 보였다. 정형외과 검사시 손상받은 부위의 통증, 염발음, 촉진상의 불안정성과 광범위한 연부조직 부종을 보였으며 신경학적 이상소견은 관찰되지 않았다. 방사선 검사상 증례 1와 2에서 좌측 근위 경골 골간단과 비골의 골절이, 증례 3에서는 좌측 근위 요골 골간단과 척골의 골절이 관찰되었다. 모든 증례는 골절편이 짧은 관절주위 폐쇄형 골절이었다. 술 중에는 투시장치를 이용해 2개 또는 3개의 원형고정장치의 적절한 위치에 삽입하였다. 술 후 방사선 사진에서 골절부위의 적절한 배열과 위치를 확인하였다. 방사선학적으로 5주에서 14주 사이에서 골유합이 확인되었고 임플란트의 고정 실패나 핀 주변 감염은 나타나지 않았다. 기능상 결과는 모든 증례에서 매우 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 원형외고정장치는 뼈판이나 외고정장치를 사용할 수 없는 짧은 골절편을 가진 관절주의의 골절정복에 성공적으로 이용할 수 있을 거라 사료된다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.181-190
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• 2017

The movements of the human body are difficult to capture owing to the complexity of the three-dimensional skeleton model and occlusion problems. In this paper, we propose a motion capture system that tracks dynamic human motions in real time. Without using external markers, the proposed system adopts multiple depth sensors (Microsoft Kinect) to overcome the occlusion and body rotation problems. To combine the joint data retrieved from the multiple sensors, our calibration process samples a point cloud from depth images and unifies the coordinate systems in point clouds into a single coordinate system via the iterative closest point method. Using noisy skeletal data from sensors, a posture reconstruction method is introduced to estimate the optimal joint positions for consistent motion generation. Based on the high tracking accuracy of the proposed system, we demonstrate that our system is applicable to various motion-based training programs in dance and Taekwondo.