• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.38 no.11 s.378
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• pp.997-1007
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• 2000

Maxillary protraction is the treatment of choice for growing patients with skeletal Class 3 malocclusion due to midfacial retrusion. Its treatment goal is to achieve skeletal movement of maxilla without dentoalveolar movement. To avoid dentoalveolar movement, it is necessary to enhance anchorage of maxillary dentition or to reduce resistance of maxilla protraction. The purpose of this report is to introduce two cases applying adjunctive surgical approach as intentional ankylosis and distraction osteogenesis respectively.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.410-412
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• 2003

A male, 11-month-old, Shih-tzu dog weighing 5.2kg showing knuckling secondary to severe cranial bowing of left antebrachium with valgus deformity of the carpus was presented to the Veterinary Medicine Teaching Hospital of Seoul National University. Radiographic findings were a premature closure of the distal ulnar physis, a cranial bowing of the radius, subluxation of the elbow joint, and degenerative changes in the carpal joint. The patient was treated by performing an oblique osteotomy of the radius and ulna, followed by application of External Skeletal Fixations. At 18 weeks postoperatively, the radius was healed. An incongruency of the elbow joint and radial angular deformity was corrected.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.31-43
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• 1991

In the present study, the localization of myosin and the pathway of myofibrilogenesis of skeletal muscle cells in culture were investigated by immunocytochemical methods including immunoelectron microscopy and hybridoma formation. There were manly free ribosomes in the cytosol of the myoblast. At 48 hr of the culture, the myofilaments started to form and at 72 hr began to assemble to form myoabrils. At this time the Z band appeared, but the sarcomeres did not link together. Aker 96 hr of culture, adjacent sarcomeres linked together and shotved the typical striation of the skeletal muscle fiber. Myosin was synthesized in free ribosomes at 24 hr of culture and localized at many myofilaments at 48 hr and assembled mvoabrils at 72 hr and at 120 hr of the culture, myosin was localized at thick filaments of the A band.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.524-530
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• 1994

An Arpase complex has been purified to apparent homogeniety from the extract of chick skeletal muscle using conventional column chromatographies and glycerol density gradient centrifugation. This eWe has a sedimentation coefficient of 15S as determined by the gradient centrifugation and therefore is referred to as the 15S ATPase. It behaves as a 600-kOa molecule upon gel filtration analysis using a Superose-6 column. However, the ATPase runs as a 95-kDa polvpeptide when analyzed by polvacrvlamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. Thus, the Arpase is likely to consist of six identical subunits of 95 KDa. It has a Km value of 0.6 mM for ATP and is maximally active at pH 9.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.297-303
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• 2015

Skeletal muscle insulin resistance, which increases the risk for developing various metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, is a common metabolic disorder in obesity and aging. If potential treatments are to be developed to treat insulin resistance, then it is important to fully understand insulin signaling and glucose metabolism. While recent large-scale "omics" studies have revealed the acetylome to be comparable in size to the phosphorylome, the acetylation of insulin signaling proteins and its functional relevance to insulin-stimulated glucose transport and glucose metabolism is not fully understood. In this Mini Review we discuss the acetylation status of proteins involved in the insulin signaling pathway and review their potential effect on, and relevance to, insulin action in skeletal muscle.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.223-226
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• 2011

Although exercise-induced growth factors such as Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) are known to affect various aspects of physiology in skeletal muscle cells, the molecular mechanism by which IGF-I modulates anti-inflammatory effects in these cells is presently unknown. Here, we showed that IGF-I stimulation suppresses the expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a key innate immune receptor. A pharmacological inhibitor study further showed that PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is required for IGF-I-mediated negative regulation of TLR4 expression. Furthermore, IGF-I treatment reduced the expression of various NF-${\kappa}B$-target genes such as TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-6. Taken together, these findings indicate that the anti-inflammatory effect of exercise may be due, at least in part, to IGF-I-induced suppression of TLR4 and subsequent downregulation of the TLR4-dependent inflammatory signaling pathway.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.604-612
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• 1998

The majority of Class III malocclusion have maxillary retrusion. Thus, it becomes obvious that management of most skeletal Class III malocclusion cases should include maxillary protraction as major objective. Additionally, in Class III malocclusion with posterior crossbite, RME "disarticulates" the maxilla and initiates cellular response in the sutures, allowing a more positive reaction to protraction forces. Using facemask with RME helped in correction of skeletal Class III malocclusion by the anterior displacement of maxilla and maxillary dentition, and changing the direction of the growth of mandible. Thus, acceptable improvement in the Class III profile was performed.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.1008-1015
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• 2014

In this paper, we present a method for reconstructing a surface mesh animation sequence from point cloud animation data. We mainly focus on the articulated body of a subject - the motion of which can be roughly described by its internal skeletal structure. The point cloud data is assumed to be captured independently without any inter-frame correspondence information. Using a template model that resembles the given subject, our basic idea for reconstructing the mesh animation is to deform the template model to fit to the point cloud (on a frame-by-frame basis) while maintaining inter-frame coherence. We first estimate the skeletal motion from the point cloud data. After applying the skeletal motion to the template surface, we refine it to fit to the point cloud data. We demonstrate the viability of the method by applying it to reconstruct a fast dancing motion.

• BMB Reports
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• v.41 no.7
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• pp.495-510
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• 2008

It has become clear that complex interactions underlie the relationship between the skeletal and immune systems. This is particularly true for the development of immune cells in the bone marrow as well as the functions of bone cells in skeletal homeostasis and pathologies. Because these two disciplines developed independently, investigators with an interest in either often do not fully appreciate the influence of the other system on the functions of the tissue that they are studying. With these issues in mind, this review will focus on several key areas that are mediated by crosstalk between the bone and immune systems. A more complete appreciation of the interactions between immune and bone cells should lead to better therapeutic strategies for diseases that affect either or both systems.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.16-22
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• 2011

It is a challenging task to apply large detailed chemical mechanisms of fuel oxidation in simulation of complex combustion phenomena. There exist a few systematic methodologies to reduce detailed chemical mechanisms to smaller sizes involving less computational load. This research work concerns generation of a skeletal chemical mechanism by a directed relation graph with specified accuracy requirement. Two sequential stages for mechanism reduction are followed in a perfectly stirred reactor(PSR) for high temperature chemistry and to consider the autoignition delay time for low and high temperature chemistry. Reduction was performed for the detailed chemical mechanism of n-heptane consisting of 561 species and 2539 elementary reaction steps. Validation results show acceptable agreement for the autoignition delay time and the PSR calculation in wide parametric ranges of pressure, temperature and equivalence ratio.