• IE interfaces
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.751-758
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• 2000

Situation awareness is defined as a person's perception of the elements of the environment within a volume of time and space, the comprehension of their meaning and the projection of their status in the near future. Situation awareness is important in attempting to evaluate human behavior in operating complex systems such as aircraft, air traffic control, and nuclear power plant systems. From the literatures this study reviews the relationship between situation awareness and numerous individual, system and environmental factors, and also reviews the methodologies for the empirical measurement of situation awareness applicable to Korea Next Generation Reactor (KNGR) design project. Attention, working memory, workload, stress, system complexity, and automation are presented as critical factors limiting operator's situation awareness. Mental models and goal-directed behavior are hypothesized as important mechanisms overcoming these limits. This study summarized hypothesized guidelines for interface design to improve situation awareness of reactor operators. Some of the guidelines should be tested in the KNGR evaluation experiments in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.66-73
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• 2011

According to U.S. NTSB, from 1989 to 1992, Situation Awareness(SA) was a major factor causing 80% of all aircraft accidents in scheduled airlines. Therefore, the prevention of accidents through effective training in SA became a pivot in aviation safety. Furthermore, during the past 10 years, since all helicopter accidents in Korea were caused by the factors related to SA, an appropriate countermeasure has been required. This study, which uses survey data, examines various factors related to SA that could affect helicopter pilots. Common characteristics of situation awareness factors are that the result from the independent variables which are flight time, duty period and age of a first officer is statistically significant with the result from the independent variables of an instructor pilot's. However, only experience is statistically significant independent variable for factors influencing decision making in emergency situations, but anxiety, expectation and comprehension are not significant.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.253-264
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• 2014

Purpose: The aim of this study is to gain a competitive advantage in the global marketplace by examining the current situation of three domestic Food Dehydrator companies' products. Food Dehydrators are sort of small domestic appliances(SDA), first introduced by Korean companies. Furthermore, this study suggests the improvement plans in the rapidly changing world situation. Methods: Evaluate through comparing three domestic Food Dehydrator companies' products based on the PQI(Premium Quality Index) model, developed by product quality evaluation experts group. Results: At first, we classified evaluation factors into three parts - usability quality, emotional quality - and each of the factors includes sub factors. Under this condition, the results of this study are as follows; the brand quality is remaining at a high satisfaction level compare to other two factors but emotional quality is assessed to be low. This study has shown at customers consider brand and usability quality factors as the most important factor due to the nature of the product. Conclusion: As the possibility of increasing customer needs such as product design and sensitive quality besides usability quality has risen in a competitive global market, the manufacturing companies in Korea are recommended to put forth the necessary effort to improve their product quality, especially in terms of emotional quality.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.42-55
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• 1993

Computerization has been applied in most areas of health care in recent years. But computerized standardized nursing care plans have not yet been adequately developed even though they can significantly contribute to an improvement in the quality of nursing care. Therefore, this study was done to develop computerized nursing care plans. For this purpose, the study had the following objectives ; 1) to develop a computerized program for standardized nursing care plans which include defining characteristics, relating factors, expected out-comes and nursing interventions 2) to test applicability of the computerized pro-grams to the actual clinical situation of the clinical nurse. Application of the system development life cycle by davis was used as the study methodology. There are five stages in this method : strategy planning development, system analysis, system design, system practice and system evaluation. The first four steps in this methodology were used in this project. Two clinical nurses were selected to apply this computerized program in the clinical situation. The results of the study are as follows ; 1) Ten standardized nursing care plans including defining characteristics, relating factors, expected outcomes and nursing interventions which had been proven to have validity in the clinical setting were computerized using the Foxbase Program. 2) These programs were applied to the actual clinical situation by two clinic친 nurses working at Severance Hospital. For further study, continuous revision should be done by the users. Evaluation related to the utilization of the program should also be done.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.21 no.47
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• pp.169-179
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• 1998

Median rank is used to systemize the evaluation of research personnel in a research institution. Suggested evaluation system is purposed to enhance the fairness, distinguish the factors of evaluation and maximize the synergy of researchers. The factors of evaluation are largely divided into the subjective and the objective factor. The final rank of the researchers is determined with the converted median rank value. The propriety of applying median rank is tested by Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. We also suggest the method of determining the rank of researchers. This evaluation system is not fixed in special case but can be changed in situation. It also can be applied to any other personnel evaluation system through the appropriate revision.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.31-37
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• 2017

There are lots of combined battlefield elements which complete the war. It looks problematic when collecting and analyzing these elements and then predicting the situation of war. Commander's experience and military power assessment have widely been used to come up with these problems, then simulated combat training program recently supplements the war-game models through recording real-time simulated combat data. Nevertheless, there are challenges to assess winning factors of combat. In this paper, we characterize the combat element (ce) by clustering simulated combat data, and then suggest multi-layered artificial neural network (ANN) model, which can comprehend non-linear, cross-connected effects among ces to assess mission completion degree (MCD). Through our ANN model, we have the chance of analyzing and predicting winning factors. Experimental results show that our ANN model can explain MCDs through networking ces which overperform multiple linear regression model. Moreover, sensitivity analysis of ces will be the basis of predicting combat situation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.19 no.40
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• pp.271-280
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• 1996

This paper presents an evaluation method on enterprise using fuzzy integral which is defined by fuzzy measures. The weight of criteria is computed by eigenvector method. And, using this calculated weight, the total evaluation value is obtained from the weight of by means of Pl & Bel measures. This value means the level on enterprise's situation considering from the viewpoint of evaluation factors.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.85-96
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• 2006

Main control room(MCR) man-machine interface(MMI) design of advanced nuclear power plants(NPPs) such as APR(advanced power reactor)-1400 can be validated through performance-based tests to determine whether it acceptably supports safe operation of the plant. In this work, plant performance, personnel task, situation awareness, workload, teamwork, and anthropometric/physiological factor are considered as factors for the human performance evaluation. For development of measures in each of the factors, techniques generally used in various industries and empirically proven to be useful are adopted as main measures and some helpful techniques are developed in order to complement the main measures. Also the development of the measures is addressed based on the theoretical background. Finally we discuss the way in which the measures can be effectively integrated and then HUPESS(HUman Performance Evaluation Support System) which is in development based on the integrated way is briefly introduced.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.39
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• pp.20-27
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to provide a practical guide for selecting architectural artwork and analyze relationship between artwork and interior space & facade. The problems with many outdoor artwork did not make the characteristics of the specific environment and did not form a big flow in the urban contextualism. Choosing the artwork, architectural environment for artwork is very much part of the designers' task. When artwork is to be specifically acquired for a particular projects, designer and client must work together to make choices and plan placement. The data are collected through evaluation surveys of college students and graduate students majoring in interior architecture & design, and analyzed by using SPSS-WIN program to find the major characterized factors. It is concluded that architectural artwork should be constituted with nine major factors of interior space - theme/scale, situation/contemporay accord, finished materials harmony, line/two-three dimensional form, proportion/rhythm, sequence, natural/artificial form, abstract/reality expression, originality - and eight major factors of facade - situation, abstract/reality expression, finished materials harmony, theme/sequence, natural/artificial form, proportion/rhythm, static/dynamic expression, originality/. contemporay accord.

• Proceedings of the ESK Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.47-55
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• 1996

This study developed a comprehensive and easily applicable nuclear reactor control system evaluation method using reactor operators behavioral and mental workload database. A proposed control panel design cycle consists of the 5 steps: (1) finding out inconvenient, erroneous, and mentally stressful factors for the proposed design through evaluative experiments, (2) drafting improved design alternatives considering detective factors found out in the step (1), (3) comparative experiements for the design alternatives, (4) selecting a best design alternative, (5) returning to the step (1) and repeating the design cycle. Reactor operators behavioral and mental workload database collected from evaluative experiments in the step (1) and comparative experiments in the step (3) of the design cycle have a key roll in finding out defective factors and yielding the criteria for selection of the proposed reactor control systems. The behavioral database was designed to include the major informations about reactor operators' control behaviors: beginning time of operations, involved displays, classification of observational behaviors, dehaviors, decisions, involved control devices, classification of control behaviors, communications, emotional status, opinions for man-machine interface, and system event log. The database for mental workload scored from various physiological variables-EEG, EOG, ECG, and respir- ation pattern-was developed to indicate the most stressful situation during reactor control operations and to give hints for defective design factors. An experimental test for the evaluation method applied to the Compact Nuclear Simulator (CNS) installed in Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) suggested that some defective design factors of analog indicators should be improved and that automatization of power control to a target level would give relaxation to the subject operators in stressful situation.