• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.256-259
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• 2014

A magnetic powder, M-type barium hexaferrite (BaFe12O19), was consolidated with the spark plasma sintering process. Three different holding temperatures, $850^{\circ}C$, $875^{\circ}C$ and $900^{\circ}C$ were applied to the spark plasma sintering process with the same holding times, heating rates and compaction pressure of 30 MPa. The relative density was measured simultaneously with spark plasma sintering and the convergent relative density after cooling was found to be proportional to the holding temperature. The full relative density was obtained at $900^{\circ}C$ and the total sintering time was only 33.3 min, which was much less than the conventional furnace sintering method. The higher holding temperature also led to the higher saturation magnetic moment (${\sigma}_s$) and the higher coercivity ($H_c$) in the vibrating sample magnetometer measurement. The saturation magnetic moment (${\sigma}_s$) and the coercivity ($H_c$) obtained at $900^{\circ}C$ were 56.3 emu/g and 541.5 Oe for each.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.14-24
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• 2003

This work investigates the effects of Cr$_2$O$_3$ and oxygen potential on grain growth and densification of UO$_2$ pellets. Powder mixtures of UO$_2$ and 0.03-0.4wt% Cr$_2$O$_3$ were pressed and sintered in 3 different gas atmospheres: the $H_2O$-to-H$_2$ ratios were 5$\times$10$^{-4}$ , 1$\times$10$^{-2}$ and 3$\times$10$^{-2}$ In the first gas atmosphere the Cr$_2$O$_3$ contents below 0.2 wt% have an insignificant effect on grain size, but the Cr$_2$O$_3$ contents more than 0.3 wt% promote grain growth in the inner zone of a pellet but not in the outer zone. In both the second and third atmospheres, the grain size increases with the Cr$_2$O$_3$ content. With the same level of Cr$_2$O$_3$ content the grain size is larger in the second atmosphere than in the third. Sintering behavior and developed microstructure are discussed in terms of the reduction of C$r^2$O$^3$ to Cr, the dissolution of C$r^2$O$^3$ in UO$_2$, and liquid phase sintering.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2007년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.8
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• pp.260-260
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• 2007

Low-temperature sintering and dielectric properties of the $1-xBiNbO_4-xZnNb_2O_6$ ceramics (x=0.3, 0.5, and 0.7) with 10 wt% zinc borosilicate (ZBS) glass was investigated as a function of the substitution of $ZnNb_2O_6$ with a view to applying this system to LTCC technology. The all composition addition of 10 wt% ZBS glass ensured a successful sintering below $900^{\circ}C$. The the amount of $ZnNb_2O_6$ on $ZnNb_2O_6$ ceramics increased the $Q{\times}f$ values, but it decreased the sinterability and dielectric constant due to the higher $Q{\times}f$ value and sintering temperature of $ZnNb_2O_6$ than that of $ZnNb_2O_6$ ceramics. The increase of $ZnNb_2O_6$ content from 0.3 to 0.7 in the $1-xBiNbO_4-xZnNb_2O_6$ ceramics with 10 wt% ZBS glass sintered at $900^{\circ}C$ demonstrated 30~20 in the dielectric constant (${\varepsilon}_r$), 3,500~4,500 GHz in the $Q{\times}f$ value.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2004년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1582-1584
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• 2004

The microstructure, electrical, and clamping voltage characteristics of ZPCCY-based varistor ceramics were investigated in the sintering time range of 1${\sim}$3 h. Increasing sintering time promoted the densification, in which the average grain size and density are increased in the range of $11.4{\sim}16.0{\mu}m$ and $5.34{\sim}5.54g/cm^3$, respectively. The nonlinear exponent decresed in the range of 60${\sim}$26 and the leakage current increased in the range of $1.3{\sim}10.7{\mu}A$ with increase of sintering time. The clamping voltage ratio was less than 2 for ratio surge current of 10 A over sintering times.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.266-270
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• 1996

The microstructure evolution during sintering of a compact being composed of three layers of (WC-15%Co)/Fe powder mixture with different Fe contents has been observed. The Fe contents in the respective (WC-15%Co)/Fe layers were varied by 20%. 50%, and 90% in sequence by volume from a top layer to a bot- tom layer. The sintering temperatures and times were varied from 110$0^{\circ}C$ to 125$0^{\circ}C$ and from 1 h to 4 h, The compact layer was not densified below 120$0^{\circ}C$ in 4 h. Appropriate sintering temperature and time conditions for making a multi-layered hard metal compact were determined as 125$0^{\circ}C$ and 3 h, respectively.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.545-551
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• 2000

Sintering behaviors of the glass-alumina composites for low firing temperature were investigated as a function of the particle size of glass frit. The system of glass frit was Pb-B-Si-Al-O. The median particle sizes of the glass frits were 2.72$\mu\textrm{m}$, 2.67$\mu\textrm{m}$ and 1.33$\mu\textrm{m}$, which were prepared with changing ball-milling times as 24 h, 48 h and 96 h. The glass-alumina composites showed maximum density at certain temperature, and further heating led to dedensification behaviors, so called over-firing. The sintering temperature, which showed maximum density, raised from 425$^{\circ}C$ to 475$^{\circ}C$ with increase of particle size of glass frit from 1.33$\mu\textrm{m}$ to 2.72$\mu\textrm{m}$. Especially, the over firing behaviors, which were occurred at high sintering temperatures, were greatly increased with decrease of particle size of glass frit.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.143-151
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• 1992

Partially stabilized alpha-sialon composition (X=0.1) powder was hot-pressed at 1800~200$0^{\circ}C$ for 0~90 min with 30 MPa. Sintering behavior, phase changes and mechanical properties for the specimens were studied. As sintering temperature was raised from 1800 to 190$0^{\circ}C$, the relative density tended to increase and reached 99% of theoretical at 190$0^{\circ}C$. However the amount of alpha-sialon decreased because alpha-sialon transformed to beta-Si3N4 and yttrium rich silicate glass. In the case of hot-pressing at 190$0^{\circ}C$ for various times, densification increased with sintering time and full densification above 99% of theoretical was attained by 30 min. The amount of alpha-sialon decreased with sintering time. The maximum strength of 825 MPa was obtained by hot-pressing at 190$0^{\circ}C$ for 60 min.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.777-782
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• 1990

The sintering behavior of cordierite powders synthesized using a sol-gel method of metal alkoxides Si(OC2H5)4, Al(OC3H71)3 and Mg(OC2H5)2 was investigated. Densification of the powder compacts fabricated using the precursor powders calcined at 900$^{\circ}C$ for 2hrs was improved over the sintering temperature range of 800 to 980$^{\circ}C$. The powder compacts, fabricated using the calcined precursor powders and sintered at 1300$^{\circ}C$ for 2hrs, showed relative density of 97-98%, 3-point bending strength of 120-140Mpa, KIC of 2.4-3.7 Mpam1/2, and thermal expansion coefficient of 1.48-1.66${\times}$10-6/$^{\circ}C$.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집 전기물성,응용부문
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• pp.70-71
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• 2004

In this paper, in order to develop the low temperature sintering and dielectric properties for piezoelectric transformer, PMW-PNN-PZT ceramics using $B_2O_3$ as sintering aids were manufactured. With increasing the amount of $B_2O_3$ addition, density were increased up to 10mol% $B_2O_3$ addition and then decreased. The variation rate of dielectric constant according to the change of frequency were decreasing by increasing frequency, and in the sintering $1100^{\circ}C$, 20mol% $B_2O_3$ showed $1.32{\times}10^{-1}/kHz$.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 2006년도 Extended Abstracts of 2006 POWDER METALLURGY World Congress Part 1
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• pp.284-285
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• 2006

The nano-sized Fe powders were prepared by plasma arc discharge process using pure Fe rod. The microstructure and the sintering behavior of the prepared nanopowders were evaluated. The prepared Fe nanopowders had nearly spherical shapes and consisted of metallic core and oxide shell structures. The higher volume shrinkage at low sintering temperature was observed due to the reduction of surface oxide. The nanopowders showed 6 times higher densification rate and more significant isotropic shrinkage behavior than those of micron sized Fe powders.