• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.58-74
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• 2021

Purpose - This paper research on the embodied carbon emission in Sino-Korea trade. It calculates and analyzes the carbon emission coefficient and specific carbon emissions in Sino-Korea trade from 2005 to 2014. Design/methodology - This paper conducted an empirical analysis for embodied carbon emission in Sino-Korea trade during the years 2005-2014, using a multi-region input-output model. First, direct and complete CO2 emission coefficient of the two countries were calculated and compared. On this basis, combined with the world input-output table, the annual import and export volume and sector volume of embodied carbon emission are determined. Then through the comparative analysis of the empirical results, the reasons for the carbon imbalance in Sino-Korea trade are clarified, and the corresponding suggestions are put forward according to the environmental protection policies being implemented by the two countries. Findings - The results show that South Korea is in the state of net trade export and net embodied carbon import. The carbon emission coefficient of most sectors in South Korea is lower than that of China. However, the reduction of carbon emission coefficient in China is significantly faster than that in South Korea in this decade. The change of Korea's complete CO2 emission coefficient shows that policy factors have a great impact on environmental protection. The proportion of intra industry trade between China and South Korea is relatively large and concentrated in mechanical and electrical products, chemical products, etc. These sectors generally have large carbon emissions, which need to be noticed by both countries. Originality/value - To the best knowledge of the authors, this study is the first attempt to research the embodied carbon emission of ten consecutive years in Sino-Korea Trade. In addition, In this paper, some mathematical methods are used to overcome the error problem caused by different statistical caliber in different databases. Finally, the accurate measurement of carbon level in bilateral trade will provide some reference for trade development and environmental protection.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.195-213
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• 2013

Since 1990, North Korea's economic situation has drawn the international community's attention and became an important factor to analyze and judge the situation in North Korea, in the Korean Peninsula and even in the whole Northeast Asia. As North Korea's neighbors, Sino-Korean trade and Inter-Korean trade play an important role in North Korea's foreign trade. Based on situation analysis, the great connection and difference between Sino-Korean trade and Inter-Korean trade are given an introduction. Also by exploring reasons for Sino-Korean trade development, we can gather some insights for Inter-Korean trade development.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.568-582
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• 2011

This study aims to discover the characteristics of Sino-South Korean cross-border small-scale trade, which involves various players. Through this characteristics, this study ultimately intends to identify an operational mechanism of Sino-South Korean cross-border small-scale trade by investigating social capital as mobilized by small-scale traders. The results of this study can be expected to help understand how small-scale merchants address the uncertainty or risks surrounding their trade. Although it is an informal economic activity, the cross-border small-scale trade between South Korea and China is related to issues of the formal economy, such as job creation, benefits for local economies, and profit-seeking. Owing to this characteristics, small-scale trade is being conducted with the connivance of, or even with the tacit support from formal organizations, including municipal governments, customs, corporations, and shipping companies. Like trade in other countries, Sino-South Korean cross-border small-scale trade also requires different types of social capital, such as family networks, ethnic networks, social networks, and trust.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.127-137
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• 2021

Mainland China area has been a long-term, major trade rival and partner of Taiwan, accounting for more than 40% of Taiwan's total annual trade exports, and so Sino-US trade friction is expected to have a significant impact on Taiwan's economy in the future. This study focuses on major bad news of Sino-US trade frictions and how it generates short-term shocks for Taiwan's equity market and fear sentiment. It further explores the mutual interpretation relationship between price changes such as VIX, Taiwan's stock market index, and the VIX ETF to identify which factors have information leadership as leading indicators. The study period covers 750 trading days from 2017/1/3 to 2020/1/31. This study finds that, when a policy news is announced, the stock market index falls significantly, the change in the trading price (net value) of the VIX ETF rises significantly, and the overprice rate significantly drops, but VIX does not, showing that fear sentiment exists in the Taiwan's market. The net value of the VIX ETF shows an information advantage as a leading indicator. This study suggests that, when the world's two largest economies clash over trade, the impact on Taiwan's equity market is inevitable, and that short-term fear effects will arise.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.68-82
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• 2020

Purpose - This study investigates the impact of inland port development in China on the promotion of bilateral trade flows between China and South Korea. Design/methodology - The probable association between the establishment of inland ports and Sino-Korea trade was estimated using gravity models. In this regards, two sets of data were collected. The first dataset consists of the baseline variables of a gravity model, while the second one includes variables of logistics infrastructure development. The indicators of logistics infrastructure development include inland ports, the amount of government expenditure on transport infrastructure, the lengths of roads and railways, the number of trucks and the number of logistics industry workforce. Findings - The results show that inland port development has a positive impact on facilitating bilateral trade between China and South Korea. However, the positive association holds only for Chinese regions with a large trade volume and a proximity to seaports. In other regions, the impact of inland ports is not statistically significant. Originality/value - To the best knowledge of the authors, this study is the first attempt to explore the economic impact of inland ports in China. In addition, the findings in this paper provide both policy and managerial implications for the future development of inland ports, such as the strategic location of inland ports and integrated intermodal operations.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.628-646
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• 2010

The subject of this research is the small-scale trade between South Korea and China (this trade is a so-called shuttle trade.) This research attempts to find the background to the emergence of the Sino-South Korean (cross-border) small-scale trade and the role of travel routes between the two countries. This research also aims to identify the development process of the bilateral small-scale trade by studying the scale of the small-scale trade and the organization of small-scale traders. Moreover, this research tries to discover the spatial characteristics of the interregional small-scale trade by reviewing the characteristics of traded goods; process of export and import and nodes of small-scale trade. To accomplish aforementioned purposes, the author discussed the relations between small-scale traders and maritime companies. The author also studied the internal change in the small-scale trade by focusing on the reinforcement of the regulation against the small-scale trade. Lastly, the author cited the case of the Soviet Union and middle-eastern Europe, which tremendously expanded the small-scale trades in the 1980s, in order to explain the growth of the Sino-South Korean small-scale trade.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2000.06a
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• pp.171-183
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• 2000

Regarding the ancient Sino-Kroea sea communication as the main theme, the propagation of the China-culture in Koran Peninsula and he influence of Chinese ancient shipbuilding technique for Korea are described in the paper. Frequent sea trade resulted in the flourishing of Chinese and Korean harbours on both side of Yellow Sea. Sino-Koran sea communication is of long-standing. Korean Peninsula (KP) is just as the large arm extended to the great sea from the North-east China. It is the Chinese mainland plate-lump's extended part in the Yellow Sea. In the ancient time, the land communication between China and Korea was often not unimpeded, the contact between China and KP, such as the South-Korea, depended on the sea communication mainly, Although the friendly relationship between China and Korea rose one after another in the various historical period, but considering from the great background of people's historical development, just as the modern people benefited fro the Europe-American culture, the people of ancient time also benefited from the China-culture. All China, KP and Japan obtained the development by propagating the ancient China-culture. The seagoing ships which carried out the Sino-Korea sea communication and trade, as the friendly envoys, finished the mission linked u and developed the Sino-Korea culture contact.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.11-18
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• 2015

Purpose - This paper reviews the changes in the ship export and import structure between Korea and China. It utilizes the comparative advantage trade theory to analyze time-series statistical data from the market share index, revealed comparative advantage index (RCA), and trade specialization index(TSI). Research design, data, and methodology - Based on their economic phases, both Korea and China have similar country characteristics. The purpose of this research is to understand the two country's trade structures to fortify the Korea-Sino economic relationship including verifying what is working and what is not. Results - Based on the analysis, bilateral economic activity to achieve a plus trade stimulus environment should be realized in the long run. Both countries should establish guarantee-free trade negotiations and boundaries instead of various non-tariff barriers. Conclusion - Reviewing the research, a sound competitive relationship can be grown for mutual benefit including export market diversification in the near future. The review of the Korea-Sino ship industry is keenly important and investigative research about it is timely because it is a major industry in each country.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.20-32
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• 2022

Purpose - This paper intends to make theoretical analysis and empirical test on the factors influencing China's export to South Korea, and draw conclusions about China's export efficiency and trade potential. Based on the conclusions, the reasons for China's trade deficit with South Korea are found, and a solution is put forward for solving the problem of China's trade deficit with South Korea. Design/methodology - Based on the data of 2004-2017 years in China, this paper uses the stochastic frontier gravity model to analyze the influencing factors of China's export to South Korea, as well as the export efficiency of each province and the export potential that can be explored. Findings - First, in terms of the factors affecting China's export trade to South Korea, the GDP of the provinces and cities in China, the FDI of South Korea to the provinces and cities in China, the GDP of South Korea, the population and education level of provinces and cities in China can significantly promote the export scale of Chinese provinces and cities to South Korea. The distance between Chinese provincial capitals and the South Korean capital significantly hinders Chinese exports to South Korea; Second, in terms of export trade efficiency, the trade exchange rate of the economically developed cities along the eastern coast of China and several provinces that are close to South Korea is higher than that of the cities in the central and western regions; Third, economic globalization makes trade more convenient, the average export trade efficiency of China's exports to South Korea showed an upward trend. However, under the influence of the 2008 global financial crisis, the export trade efficiency declined from 2008 to 2009, indicating that the impact of the financial crisis on the trade efficiency cannot be ignored. Originality/value - This paper finds out the influencing factors of China's export to South Korea, analyzes the export efficiency of different provinces and cities, excavates the export potential, and puts forward some suggestions for the balanced development of China and South Korea trade in the next step.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.10
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• pp.159-168
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• 2022

The time series of foreign trade turnover is complex and variable and contains linear and nonlinear information. This paper proposes preprocessing the dataset by the EMD algorithm and combining the linear prediction advantage of the SARIMA model with the nonlinear prediction advantage of the EMD-LSTM model to construct the SARIMA-EMD-LSTM hybrid model by the weight assignment method. The forecast performance of the single models is compared with that of the hybrid models by using MAPE and RMSE metrics. Furthermore, it is confirmed that the weight assignment approach can benefit from the hybrid models. The results show that the SARIMA model can capture the fluctuation pattern of the time series, but it cannot effectively predict the sudden drop in foreign trade turnover caused by special reasons and has the lowest accuracy in long-term forecasting. The EMD-LSTM model successfully resolves the hysteresis phenomenon and has the highest forecast accuracy of all models, with a MAPE of 7.4304%. Therefore, it can be effectively used to forecast the Sino-Russia foreign trade turnover time series post-epidemic. Hybrid models cannot take advantage of SARIMA linear and LSTM nonlinear forecasting, so weight assignment is not the best method to construct hybrid models.