• Title/Summary/Keyword: Single-step process

Search Result 371, Processing Time 0.026 seconds

Weld Quality Monitoring System Development Applying A design Optimization Approach Collaborating QFD and Risk Management Methods (품질 기능 전개법과 위험 부담 관리법을 조합한 설계 최적화 기법의 용접 품질 감시 시스템 개발 응용)

  • Son, Joong-Soo;Park, Young-Won
    • Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
    • /
    • v.6 no.2
    • /
    • pp.207-216
    • /
    • 2000
  • This paper introduces an effective system design method to develop a customer oriented product using a design optimization process and to select a set of critical design paramenters,. The process results in the development of a successful product satisfying customer needs and reducing development risk. The proposed scheme adopted a five step QFD(Quality Function Deployment) in order to extract design parameters from customer needs and evaluated their priority using risk factors for extracted design parameters. In this process we determine critical design parameters and allocate them to subsystem designers. Subsequently design engineers develop and test the product based on these parameters. These design parameters capture the characteristics of customer needs in terms of performance cost and schedule in the process of QFD, The subsequent risk management task ensures the minimum risk approach in the presence of design parameter uncertainty. An application of this approach was demonstrated in the development of weld quality monitoring system. Dominant design parameters affect linearity characteristics of weld defect feature vectors. Therefore it simplifies the algorithm for adopting pattern classification of feature vectors and improves the accuracy of recognition rate of weld defect and the real time response of the defect detection in the performance. Additionally the development cost decreases by using DSP board for low speed because of reducing CPU's load adopting algorithm in classifying weld defects. It also reduces the cost by using the single sensor to measure weld defects. Furthermore the synergy effect derived from the critical design parameters improves the detection rate of weld defects by 15% when compared with the implementation using the non-critical design parameters. It also result in 30% saving in development cost./ The overall results are close to 95% customer level showing the effectiveness of the proposed development approach.

  • PDF

Thermo-piezoelectric $Si_3N_4$ cantilever array on a CMOS circuit for probe-based data storage using wafer-level transfer method (웨이퍼 본딩을 이용한 탐침형 정보 저장장치용 압전 켄틸레버 어레이)

  • Kim Young-Sik;Jang Seong-Soo;Lee Caroline Sun-Young;Jin Won-Hyeog;Cho Il-Joo;Nam Hyo-Jin;Bu Jong-Uk
    • Transactions of the Society of Information Storage Systems
    • /
    • v.2 no.2
    • /
    • pp.96-99
    • /
    • 2006
  • In this research, a wafer-level transfer method of cantilever away on a conventional CMOS circuit has been developed for high density probe-based data storage. The transferred cantilevers were silicon nitride ($Si_3N_4$) cantilevers integrated with poly silicon heaters and piezoelectric sensors, called thermo-piezoelectric $Si_3N_4$ cantilevers. In this process, we did not use a SOI wafer but a conventional p-type wafer for the fabrication of the thermo-piezoelectric $Si_3N_4$ cantilever arrays. Furthermore, we have developed a very simple transfer process, requiring only one step of cantilever transfer process for the integration of the CMOS wafer and cantilevers. Using this process, we have fabricated a single thermo-piezoelectric $Si_3N_4$ cantilever, and recorded 65nm data bits on a PMMA film and confirmed a charge signal at 5nm of cantilever deflection. And we have successfully applied this method to transfer 34 by 34 thermo-piezoelectric $Si_3N_4$ cantilever arrays on a CMOS wafer. We obtained reading signals from one of the cantilevers.

  • PDF

Multi-Vector Document Embedding Using Semantic Decomposition of Complex Documents (복합 문서의 의미적 분해를 통한 다중 벡터 문서 임베딩 방법론)

  • Park, Jongin;Kim, Namgyu
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
    • /
    • v.25 no.3
    • /
    • pp.19-41
    • /
    • 2019
  • According to the rapidly increasing demand for text data analysis, research and investment in text mining are being actively conducted not only in academia but also in various industries. Text mining is generally conducted in two steps. In the first step, the text of the collected document is tokenized and structured to convert the original document into a computer-readable form. In the second step, tasks such as document classification, clustering, and topic modeling are conducted according to the purpose of analysis. Until recently, text mining-related studies have been focused on the application of the second steps, such as document classification, clustering, and topic modeling. However, with the discovery that the text structuring process substantially influences the quality of the analysis results, various embedding methods have actively been studied to improve the quality of analysis results by preserving the meaning of words and documents in the process of representing text data as vectors. Unlike structured data, which can be directly applied to a variety of operations and traditional analysis techniques, Unstructured text should be preceded by a structuring task that transforms the original document into a form that the computer can understand before analysis. It is called "Embedding" that arbitrary objects are mapped to a specific dimension space while maintaining algebraic properties for structuring the text data. Recently, attempts have been made to embed not only words but also sentences, paragraphs, and entire documents in various aspects. Particularly, with the demand for analysis of document embedding increases rapidly, many algorithms have been developed to support it. Among them, doc2Vec which extends word2Vec and embeds each document into one vector is most widely used. However, the traditional document embedding method represented by doc2Vec generates a vector for each document using the whole corpus included in the document. This causes a limit that the document vector is affected by not only core words but also miscellaneous words. Additionally, the traditional document embedding schemes usually map each document into a single corresponding vector. Therefore, it is difficult to represent a complex document with multiple subjects into a single vector accurately using the traditional approach. In this paper, we propose a new multi-vector document embedding method to overcome these limitations of the traditional document embedding methods. This study targets documents that explicitly separate body content and keywords. In the case of a document without keywords, this method can be applied after extract keywords through various analysis methods. However, since this is not the core subject of the proposed method, we introduce the process of applying the proposed method to documents that predefine keywords in the text. The proposed method consists of (1) Parsing, (2) Word Embedding, (3) Keyword Vector Extraction, (4) Keyword Clustering, and (5) Multiple-Vector Generation. The specific process is as follows. all text in a document is tokenized and each token is represented as a vector having N-dimensional real value through word embedding. After that, to overcome the limitations of the traditional document embedding method that is affected by not only the core word but also the miscellaneous words, vectors corresponding to the keywords of each document are extracted and make up sets of keyword vector for each document. Next, clustering is conducted on a set of keywords for each document to identify multiple subjects included in the document. Finally, a Multi-vector is generated from vectors of keywords constituting each cluster. The experiments for 3.147 academic papers revealed that the single vector-based traditional approach cannot properly map complex documents because of interference among subjects in each vector. With the proposed multi-vector based method, we ascertained that complex documents can be vectorized more accurately by eliminating the interference among subjects.

Analysis of two-stage Continuous Culture System by Transient Response of Single-stage Continuous Culture System (일단 연속 생물반응기의 과도상태 거동을 이용한 이단 연속 생물반응기의 해석)

  • 박성훈;공인수
    • KSBB Journal
    • /
    • v.7 no.4
    • /
    • pp.308-316
    • /
    • 1992
  • Two-stage continuous culture system has been studied intensively to maximize the productivity of a cloned gene product in unstable recombinant microorganism. As an effort to optimize the two-stage process, transient behavior of the second-stage was studied theoretically as well as experimentally using Escherichia coli Kl2$\delta$Hl$\delta$trp. A mathematical model describing the transient response to a step change in dilution rate was developed based on the assumption that the adaptation rate of cell growth is proportional to the available growth potential, which is defined as the difference in dilution rates between before and after shift-up. The kinetic parameters appearing in the model equations were the dimensionless step increase in growth rate($\alpha$) and the adaptation rate constant(k). These parameters were evaluated for various dilution rates and temperatures by washout method. This relatively simple adaptation model could predict the specific growth rate of the second-stage successfully. Advantage and disadvantage of the proposed model are also discussed.

  • PDF

Voltage-Dependent Inactivation of Calcium Currents in the Mouse Eggs

  • Park, Young-Geun;Yang, Young-Seon;Yum, Myung-Kul;Hong, Seong-Geun
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology
    • /
    • v.25 no.2
    • /
    • pp.125-131
    • /
    • 1991
  • Inactivation properties of Ca current in the unfertilized eggs of mouse were studied by using the whole cell voltage clamp technique and single microelectrode voltage clamp technique. Membrane potential was held at -80 mV and step depolarization was applied from -50 mV to 50 mV for $200{\sim}500\;ms$. Peak of inward Ca currents was $-2{\sim}-4\;nA$ at a membrane Potentials from -20 mV to 0 mV and outward currents were not observed within the membrane voltage range studied $(-50{\sim}50\;mV)$. Inward currents were fully inactivated within 200 ms after the onset of step depolarization. As the membrane became depolarized, time constant of inactivation (${\tau}$) was decreased but remained around $20{\sim}30\;ms$ beyond 10 mV. When $Ca^{2+}$ was used as a charge earlier, inactivation of inward $Ca^{2+}$ current also occured and time course of inactivation was similar to that of $Ca^{2+}$ currents as charge carrier. In the bathing solution containing high potassium $(131\;mM\;K^+)$, process of inactivation was not changed except a parallel decrease of value for the entire range of membrane potential. Steady-state inactivation of the $current(h_{\infty})$ obtained from the double pulse experiment showed the voltage-dependent change. These results suggested that inactivation of Ca currents in the unfertilized eggs of mouse was voltage-dependent.

  • PDF

Vine Based Dial Algorithm (덩굴망기반 Dial 알고리즘 연구)

  • Lee, Mee Young;Kim, Jong Hyung;Jung, Dongjae;Shin, Seongil
    • The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
    • /
    • v.17 no.5
    • /
    • pp.39-47
    • /
    • 2018
  • The Dial Algorithm, based on single link based calculation, is unable to reflect cyclic paths arising in actual urban transportation networks. At the same time, redefining the paths more efficiently can, by strict standards, lead to irrational results stemming from reduction in the size of the network to be analyzed. To solve these two problems of the Dial algorithm, the research herein proposes a vine network method applied to a link based Dial Algorithm, in which the original three step alogrithm is modified into a vine network-based three step process. Also, an analysis of two case study networks show feasible replication of the predicted cyclic path, unrealistic flow, and unsteady transit, as well as alleviation of the problem of irrational path allocation.

Invariant Image Matching using Linear Features (선형특징을 사용한 불변 영상정합 기법)

  • Park, Se-Je;Park, Young-Tae
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
    • /
    • v.35S no.12
    • /
    • pp.55-62
    • /
    • 1998
  • Matching two images is an essential step for many computer vision applications. A new approach to the scale and rotation invariant scene matching, using linear features, is presented. Scene or model images are described by a set of linear features approximating edge information, which can be obtained by the conventional edge detection, thinning, and piecewise linear approximation. A set of candidate parameters are hypothesized by mapping the angular difference and a new distance measure to the Hough space and by detecting maximally consistent points. These hypotheses are verified by a fast linear feature matching algorithm composed of a single-step relaxation and a Hough technique. The proposed method is shown to be much faster than the conventional one where the relaxation process is repeated until convergence, while providing matching performance robust to the random alteration of the linear features, without a priori information on the geometrical transformation parameters.

  • PDF

Design of Transmission Lines with Arbitrary Reflection Responses Using Synthesis Method for Spatially Adaptive Source Distribution (공간적응형 소스 분포 합성법을 사용한 임의의 반사응답을 갖는 전송선로 설계)

  • Park, Ui-Jun
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
    • /
    • v.39 no.5
    • /
    • pp.243-250
    • /
    • 2002
  • In the synthesis of the current source distribution function of an array antenna with the arbitrary radiation pattern, the Woodward-Lawson sampling method has been mainly used for the synthesis of an even function lobe pattern. In this paper, the method is extended to the synthesis of the odd function pattern and then the optimum synthesis method for the nonlinear source distribution function is proposed. The proposed method is applied to the design of nonuniform transmission lines with arbitrary reflection responses. The both dispersive impedance profiles of single and coupled nonuniform lines with arbitrary reflection responses are directly synthesized by the sampled values of a reflected spectral pattern which is optimally shaped by a perturbation of its complex null positions, hence removing the conventional step-by-step segmentation process and global optimization routines. The control problem in the case that all of port impedances are identical is also solved. The generality of the proposed method is verified by a filter design with the controlled arbitrary passband

Synthesis and Characterization of Large-Area and Highly Crystalline Tungsten Disulphide (WS2) Atomic Layer by Chemical Vapor Deposition

  • Kim, Ji Sun;Kim, Yooseok;Park, Seung-Ho;Ko, Yong Hun;Park, Chong-Yun
    • Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
    • /
    • 2014.02a
    • /
    • pp.361.2-361.2
    • /
    • 2014
  • Transition metal dichalcogenides (MoS2, WS2, WSe2, MoSe2, NbS2, NbSe2, etc.) are layered materials that can exhibit semiconducting, metallic and even superconducting behavior. In the bulk form, the semiconducting phases (MoS2, WS2, WSe2, MoSe2) have an indirect band gap. Recently, these layered systems have attracted a great deal of attention mainly due to their complementary electronic properties when compared to other two-dimensional materials, such as graphene (a semimetal) and boron nitride (an insulator). However, these bulk properties could be significantly modified when the system becomes mono-layered; the indirect band gap becomes direct. Such changes in the band structure when reducing the thickness of a WS2 film have important implications for the development of novel applications, such as valleytronics. In this work, we report for the controlled synthesis of large-area (~cm2) single-, bi-, and few-layer WS2 using a two-step process. WOx thin films were deposited onto a Si/SiO2 substrate, and these films were then sulfurized under vacuum in a second step occurring at high temperatures ($750^{\circ}C$). Furthermore, we have developed an efficient route to transfer these WS2 films onto different substrates, using concentrated HF. WS2 films of different thicknesses have been analyzed by optical microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy.

  • PDF

Design of a 6-bit 500MS/s CMOS A/D Converter with Comparator-Based Input Voltage Range Detection Circuit (비교기 기반 입력 전압범위 감지 회로를 이용한 6비트 500MS/s CMOS A/D 변환기 설계)

  • Dai, Shi;Lee, Sang Min;Yoon, Kwang Sub
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
    • /
    • v.38A no.4
    • /
    • pp.303-309
    • /
    • 2013
  • A low power 6-bit flash ADC that uses an input voltage range detection algorithm is described. An input voltage level detector circuit has been designed to overcome the disadvantages of the flash ADC which consume most of the dynamic power dissipation due to comparators array. In this work, four digital input voltage range detectors are employed and each input voltage range detector generates the specific clock signal only if the input voltage falls between two adjacent reference voltages applied to the detector. The specific clock signal generated by the detector is applied to turn the corresponding latched comparators on and the rest of the comparators off. This ADC consumes 68.82mW with a single power supply of 1.2V and achieves 4.9 effective number of bits for input frequency up to 1MHz at 500 MS/s. Therefore it results in 4.75pJ/step of Figure of Merit (FoM). The chip is fabricated in 0.13-um CMOS process.