• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.167-180
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• 2019

마찰말뚝의 경우 연약지반이 깊은 동남아 지역(캄보디아, 미얀마, 베트남 등)의 많은 건설현장에서 시공되고 있으며, 경험적인 측면에서도 마찰말뚝에 대한 시공사례가 많이 축적되어 있다. 본 연구에서는 토사층에서 발휘되는 주면마찰력을 비교분석하기 위하여 미얀마 현장에서 시행된 4개소의 정재하시험과 하중전이시험 결과를 이용하였다. 현장타설말뚝의 정재하시험 및 하중전이시험에서 얻어진 주면마찰력과 해당 위치에서의 각각의 표준관입시험(SPT) N치와의 상관관계식을 제안하였다. 미얀마지역은 토사층의 범위가 폭넓게 분포하여 국내 지반조건과 상이한 특성으로 인해 SPT-N값에 의한 각각의 주면마찰력 산정결과가 달라지는 경향을 나타냈다. 사질토 지반에서는 미얀마 지역의 fs=0.096N, 국내에서의 fs=0.106N으로 유사한 결과를 나타냈으나, 점성토 지반조건에서는는 미얀마 지역의 fs=0.315N, 국내에서의 fs=0.062N으로 미얀마 지역의 주면마찰력이 약 5배 정도 높은 값이 얻어졌다. 본 연구의 비교분석자료는 국내·외의 제한된 Data를 통하여 분석한 결과이므로 향후 보다 많은 하중전이시험 결과가 축적된다면, 현장 토질 특성이 반영된 N치에 따른 주면마찰력 산정식을 제안할 수 있을 것이며, 금회 분석한 결과는 이에 대한 선행연구로서 중요한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.477-493
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• 2014

This study examines the behaviour of single micropiles subjected to axial tension or compression load in collapsible loess under in-situ moisture content and saturated condition. Five tension loading tests and five compression loading tests on single micropiles were carried out at a typical loess site of the Loess Plateau in Northwest China. A series of laboratory tests, including grain size distribution, specific gravity, moisture content, Atterberg limits, density, granular components, shear strength, and collapse index, were carried out during the micropile loading tests to determine the values of soil parameters. The loess at the test site poses a severe collapse risk upon wetting. The tension or compression load-displacement curves of the micropiles in loess, under in-situ moisture content or saturated condition, can generally be simplified into three distinct regions: an initial linear, a curvilinear transition, and a final linear region, and the bearing capacity or failure load can be interpreted by the L1-L2 method as done in other studies. Micropiles in loess should be considered as frictional pile foundations though the tip resistances are about 10%-15% of the applied loads. Both the tension and compression capacities increase linearly with the ratio of the pile length to the shaft diameter, L/d. For micropiles in loess under in-situ moisture content, the interpreted failure loads or capacities under tension are 66%-87% of those under compression. However, the prewetting of the loess can lead to the reductions of 50% in the tensile bearing capacity and 70% in the compressive bearing capacity.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.215-222
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• 1995

Floating zone법으로 $SrTiO_3$에 $Nb_2O_5$를 02wt% 첨가한 단결정을 육성하였다. 결정성장시 성장분위기로는 air와 질소분위기에서 각각 결정을 육성하였으며, 원료봉의 소결온도 따른 성장계면양상을 조사하였다. 성장조건으로는 성장속도는 5mm/hr, 상부축과 하부축의 회전속도는 30rpm이었고, air분위기시 air의 유량은 1.5 ${\ell}/min$, 질소분위기시 질소가스의 유량은 0.5 ${\ell}/min$이었다. 육성한 결정을 XRD, Laue, chemical etching 등의 분석을 하였으며, 질소분위기에서 annealing 한 후 비저항을 측정하였으며 이를 통해 activation energy를 조사하였다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.169-176
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• 2001

The purpose of study is to obtain low-emission and high-efficiency in LPG engine with hydrogen enrichment. The test engine was named heavy-duty variable compression ratio single cylinder engine (VCSCE). The fuel supply system provides LPG/hydrogen mixtures based on same heating value. Various sensors such as crank shaft position sensor (CPS) and hall sensor supply spark timing data to ignition controller. Displacement of VCSCE is $1858.2cm^3$. VCSCE was runned 1400rpm with compression ratio 8. Spark timing was set MBT without knocking. Relative air-fuel ratio(${\lambda}$) of this work was varied between 0.76 and 1.5. As a result, i) Maximum thermal efficiency occurred at ${\lambda}$ value 1.0. It was shown that thermal efficiency was increased approximately 5% with hydrogen enrichment at same ${\lambda}$ value. ii) Engine-out carbon monoxide (CO) emissions were decreased at a great rate under LPG/hydrogen mixture fuelling. iii) Total hydrocarbon (THC) emission was much exhausted in rich zone, same as CO. But THC was exhausted a little bit more in lean zone. iv) Finally, engine-out oxides of nitrogen (NOx) was increased with ${\lambda}$ value 1.0 zone at a greater rate with hydrogen enrichment due to high adiabatic flame temperature.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2008년 영문 학술대회
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• pp.115-121
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• 2008

A core engine for pre-cooled turbojet engines is designed and its component performances are examined both by CFD analyses and experiments. The engine is designed for a flight demonstration of precooled turbojet engine cycle. The engine uses gas hydrogen as fuel. The external boundary including measurement devices is set within $23cm{\times}23cm$ of rectangular cross section, in order to install the engine downstream of the air intake. The rotation speed is 80000 rpm at design point. Mixed flow compressor is selected to attain high pressure ratio and small diameter by single stage. Reverse type main combustor is selected to reduce the engine diameter and the rotating shaft length. The temperature at main combustor is determined by the temperature limit of non-cooled turbine. High loading turbine is designed to attain high pressure ratio by single stage. The firing test of the core engine is conducted using components of small pre-cooled turbojet engine. Gas hydrogen is injected into the main burner and hot gas is generated to drive the turbine. Air flow rate of the compressor can be modulated by a variable geometry exhaust nozzle, which is connected downstream of the core engine. As a result, 75% rotation speed is attained without hazardous vibration and heat damage. Aerodynamic performances of both compressor and turbine are obtained and evaluated independently.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.54-61
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• 2001

최근 ISO에서는 속도 시운전의 결과를 보정하는 방법과 시운전 방법 자체를 표준화하는 움직임을 보이고 있다. 그 주요내용 중에 하나는 과학적이고, 신뢰성 있는 시운전 계측이다. 이러한 흐름에 대비하여 저자는 1996년 각종 항해 신호 집중화 장비의 개발을 완료하였고, 1998년 DGPS를 이용한 속도, 조종 시운전의 계측 및 해석 program의 개발을 완료하였다. 개발된 계측 및 해석 program은 검증을 거쳐 1999년 한국 선급으로부터 Certification을 받아 실선 적용을 시작하였다. 현재까지 70여 척의 시운전을 본 시스템을 통해 수행하였다. 그러나 기존에 개발된 시스템은 단축선에 대해서만 적용이 가능하다는 제약이 있었다. 이를 극복하고자 저자는 단축선 이외에 다축선에 대해서도 적용할 수 있는 보완된 계측 시스템과 해석 program을 개발하였다. 본 논문에서는 두 시스템에 대한 개략적인 소개, 검증 방법, 실선 시운전 계측 및 해석 결과 등에 대해서 소개하고자 한다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.389-397
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• 2021

Pile foundation is a typical form of bridge foundation and viaduct, and large-diameter rock-socketed piles are typically adopted in bridges with long span or high piers. To investigate the effect of a mountain slope with a deep overburden layer on the bearing characteristics of large-diameter rock-socketed piles, four centrifuge model tests of single piles on different slopes (0°, 15°, 30° and 45°) were carried out to investigate the effect of slope on the bearing characteristics of piles. In addition, three pile group tests with different slope (0°, 30° and 45°) were also performed to explore the effect of slope on the bearing characteristics of the pile group. The results of the single pile tests indicate that the slope with a deep overburden layer not only accelerates the drag force of the pile with the increasing slope, but also causes the bending moment to move down owing to the increase in the unsymmetrical pressure around the pile. As the slope increases from 0° to 45°, the drag force of the pile is significantly enlarged and the axial force of the pile reduces to beyond 12%. The position of the maximum bending moment of the pile shifts downward, while the magnitude becomes larger. Meanwhile, the slope results in the reduction in the shaft resistance of the pile, and the maximum value at the front side of the pile is 3.98% less than at its rear side at a 45° slope. The load-sharing ratio of the tip resistance of the pile is increased from 5.49% to 12.02%. The results of the pile group tests show that the increase in the slope enhances the uneven distribution of the pile top reaction and yields a larger bending moment and different settlements on the pile cap, which might cause safety issues to bridge structures.

• Hip & pelvis
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.175-182
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aims to compare patients in whom fixation failure occurred via cut-out (CO) or cut-through (CT) in order to determine patient factors and radiographic parameters that may be predictive of each mechanism. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study includes 18 patients with intertrochanteric (IT) hip fractures (AO/OTA classification 31A1.3) who underwent treatment using a single lag screw design intramedullary nail in whom fixation failure occurred within one year. All patients were reviewed for demographics and radiographic parameters including tip-to-apex distance (TAD), posteromedial calcar continuity, neck-shaft angle, lateral wall thickness, and others. Patients were grouped into cohorts based on the mechanism of failure, either lag screw CO or CT, and a comparison was performed. Results: No differences in demographics, injury details, fracture classifications, or radiographic parameters were observed between CO/CT cohorts. Of note, a similar rate of post-reduction TAD>25 mm (P=0.936) was observed between groups. A higher rate of DEXA (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry) confirmed osteoporosis (25.0% vs. 60.0%) was observed in the CT group, but without significance. Conclusion: The mechanism of CT failure during intramedullary nail fixation of an IT fracture did not show an association with clinical data including patient demographics, reduction accuracy, or radiographic parameters. As reported in previous biomechanical studies, the main predictive factor for patients in whom early failure might occur via the CT effect mechanism may be related to bone quality; however, conduct of larger studies will be required in order to determine whether there is a difference in bone quality.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.21-28
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• 1997

본 연구에서는 빈경하중과 축회전 속도를 변화시켜 가며 하중으로 인한 베어링의 부하-변위량 특성을 Harris 이론과 비교분석하였다. 실험결과 결함이 없는 경우 하중이 적을 때는 Harris이론과 비교적 잘 일치하나, 하중이 증가할 수록 구동축의 변곡, 볼베어링 하중의 불균형 등의 영향을 받아 이론값과 차이를 보였다. 반경방향 하중이 있는 단일결함과 다중결함의 경우 하중이 증가함에 따라 변위량의 변화는 축심변위량 보다 반경변위량이 더욱 커지게 된다는 것을 알았다. 베어링의 결함상태에 따라 하중과 변위량의 기울기인 부하-변위량 특성을 구함으로써 볼베어링의 결함유무를 검출하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2007

The High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor (HTGR) possesses inherent safety features and is recognized as a representative advanced nuclear system for the future. Based on the success of the HTR-10, the long-time operation test and safety demonstration tests were carried out. The long-time operation test verifies that the operation procedure and control method are appropriate for the HTR-10 and the safety demonstration test shows that the HTR-10 possesses inherent safety features with a great margin. Meanwhile, two new projects have been recently launched to further develop HTGR technology. One is a prototype modular plant, denoted as HTR-PM, to demonstrate the commercial capability of the HTGR power plant. The HTR-PM is designed as $2{\times}250$ MWt, pebble bed core with a steam turbine generator that serves as an energy conversion system. The other is a gas turbine generator system coupled with the HTR-10, denoted as HTR-10GT, built to demonstrate the feasibility of the HTGR gas turbine technology. The gas turbine generator system is designed in a single shaft configuration supported by active magnetic bearings (AMB). The HTR-10GT project is now in the stage of engineering design and component fabrication. R&D on the helium turbocompressor, a key component, and the key technology of AMB are in progress.