• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.239-245
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• 2007

In order to evaluate the genotoxicity of airborne particulate matter extracted with dichloromethane (APE), the rat microsome mediated (S-9) or DNA repair enzyme treated Comet assays were performed using the single cell gel electrophoresis in A549 human lung carcinoma cells. It was found that the cells interacting with APE showed more DNA single-strand breaks relative to untreated cells. The genotoxicity of APE was increased with the treatment of S-9 mixture. Microsome mediated DNA damage was inhibited by CYP1Al inhibitor, quercetin. The APE also showed oxidative DNA damage evaluated by endonuclease III treatment. Oxidative DNA damage of APE was inhibited by antioxidants such as vita- min C and Trolox. We also found that the vegetables or fruits extract may reduce APE-induced genotoxicity by their anti- oxidant activity and CYP1A1 inhibition.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.14-14
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• 2003

Potato virus X (PVX), the type member of Potexvirus genus, is a flexuous rod-shaped virus containing a single-stranded (＋) RNA. Infection by PVX produces genomic plus- and minus-strand RNAs and two major subgenomic RNAs (sgRNAs). To understand the mechanism for PVX replication, we are studying the cis- and/or trans-acting elements required for RNA replication. Previous studies have shown that the conserved sequences located upstream of two major sgRNAs, as well as elements in the 5' non-translated region (NTR) affect accumulation of genomic and sg RNAs. Complementarity between sequences at the 5' NTR and those located upstream of two major sgRNAs and the binding of host protein(s) to the 5' NTR have shown to be important for PVX RNA replication. The 5 NTR of PVX contains single-stranded AC-rich sequence and stem-loop structure. The potential role(s) of these cis-elements on virus replication, assembly, and their interaction with viral and host protein(s) during virus infection will be discussed based on the data obtained by in vitro binding, in vitro assembly, gel shift mobility assay, host gene expression profiling using various mutants at these regions.

• BMB Reports
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.465-471
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• 2002

From fruiting bodies of L. edodes strain L-54, single-spore isolates (SSIs) were collected. Two parental types of L-54 were regenerated via monokaryotization. By means of random-amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), DNA samples from L-54, its two parental types, and 32 SSIs were amplified with arbitrary primers. Dedikaryotization was demonstrated, and 91 RAPD-based molecular markers were generated. RAPD markers that were segregated at a 1:1 ratio were used to construct a linkage map of L. edodes. This RAPD-linkage map greatly enhanced the mapping of other inheritable and stable markers [such as those that are linked to a phenotype (the mating type), a known gene (priA) and a sequenced DNA fragment (MAT)] with the aid of mating tests, bulked-segregant analysis, and PCR-single-strand conformational polymorphism. These markers comprised a genetic map of L. edodes with 14 linkage groups and a total length of 622.4 cM.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Biology Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.145-153
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• 2002

유해 화학 물질류에 의해 오염된 해양 환경 시료의 환경독성 수준을 평가하기 위하여 다양한 화학물질에 대해 민감성이 우수한 생물학적 독성평가기법을 개발 하고자하였다. 지속성 유기오염 물질 중 다환 방향 족 탄화수소(PAHs)를 처리한 광어(Conger myriaster)와 개조개(Saxidomus pupurata)의 DNA 손상정도를 single cell gel electrophoresis assay(comet assay)를 통해 분석하였다. PAHs 중 광양만에서 높은 농도로 검출되는 benzo(a)pyrene을 농도별(0, 10, 50, 100 ppb)로 처리한 후 2일과 4일에 광어의 혈액세포와 개조개의 근육세포를 채취해 comet assay를 실시하였다. benso(a)pyrene에 대한 DNA 손상정도를 처리된 농도와 생물종에 따라 다르게 나타났는데 광어의 혈액세포는 2일에 가장 DNA 손상정도가 높았고, 4일에는 회복되는 경향을 나타냈다. 개조개의 근육세포는 시간이 지나면서 DNA 손상정도가 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 이와 같은 결과는 comet assay 기법이 유해 화학물질로 오염된 해양생물 종의 환경독성을 검색하는 유용한 수단이 될 수 있음을 보여준다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.07a
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• pp.1375-1376
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• 2007

A synthesized 21-mer single-stranded DNA(ss DNA) was covalently immobilized onto a self-assembled aminoethanethiol monolayer modified gold electrode onto QCM. The covalently immobilized ssDNA was hybridized with complementary ssDNA. The interaction between surface immobilized ssDNA and complementary 21-mer DNA in solution was also examined. Each step was followed by monitoring changes in the QCM frequency with time. Also, PBS with pH 7.0 was selected as a supporting electrolyte in order to get maximum sensitivity and good bioactivity.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.15-19
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• 1999

We have investigated the genetic variation in the human apo B mRNA editing protein (apobec-1) gene. Exon 3 of the apobec-1 gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction. After detection of an additional band by single strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis, sequencing of the SSCP-shift sample revealed a single-base mutation. The mutation was a CGG transversion at codon 80 resulting in a lleRMet substitution. This substitution was confirmed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis since a Pvull site is abolished by the substitution. Population and family studies confirmed that the inheritance of the genotypes for apobec-1 gene polymorphism is controlled by two codominant alleles (P1 and P2). A significant difference in plasma triglyceride was detected among the different apobec-1 genotypes in the CAD patients (P<0.05). Our study could provide the basis for elucidating the interaction between genetic variation of the apobec-1 gene and disorders related to lipid metabolism.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.52-60
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• 2005

The objectives of present study were to investigate the hepatoprotective and antioxidative effects of onion extracts. Primary cultures of rat hepatocytes were incubated with 1.5 mM tert-butyl hydroperoxide(t-BHP), potent oxidizing agent for liver injury for 1 hr in the presence or absence of various concentrations (0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1 or 0.3 mg/ml) of onion extract. Cytotoxicity and cell viability were determined by measuring glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase(GOT) activity, lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) activity and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide(MTT) value. Lipid peroxidation was evaluated using thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS) assay. Effects on antioxidant system were determined by measuring catalase, glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px), glutathione reductase(GSH-Rd) activities as well as DNA strand breaking assay. Incubation with t-BHP alone increased GOT and LDH activities and TBARS concentration but decreased MTT reduction. Onion extracts at the concentration of 0.05 mg/ml began to decrease GOT and LDH activities induced by 1.5 mM t-BHP. Decreased MTT reduction began to be increased by onion extract at the concentration of 0.01 mg/ml. Onion extracts at the concentration of 0.01 mg/ml began to decrease TBARS concentration induced by t-BHP. Taken together, onion extracts prevented t-BHP-induced hepatocyte injury and lipid peroxidation. Catalase, GSH-Px and GSH-Rd activities of hepatocytes were significantly decreased by 1.5 mM t-BHP for 1 hr incubation. Onion extracts, on the other hand, at the concentration of 0.1 mg/ml began to prevent t-BHP-induced decrease in catalase, GSH-Px and GSH-Rd activities. Onion extracts prevented hydroxyl radical-induced single-strand breakage in dose-dependent manner when plasmid DNA was incubated with various concentrations of onion extracts in the presence of Fenton regents producing hydroxyl radical. These results demonstrate that onion extracts suppressed t-BHP-induced cytoctoxicity, decreased viability and lipid peroxidation and increased GSH-Px, GSH-Rd and catalase activities. Thus hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of onion extract seem to be due to, at least in part, the increase in antioxidant enzyme activities as well as prevention from hydroxyl radical-induced oxidation, followed by inhibition in lipid peroxidation.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.222-231
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• 2005

Purpose: This article describes a double-bundle ACL reconstruction technique using a five-strand hamstring tendon autograft with conventional anteromedial bundle reconstruction and additional posterolateral bundle reconstruction. Operative technique: For the tibial tunnel, the conventional single tunnel technique is performed and for the femoral tunnel, the double tunnel technique is performed with the anteromedial and posterolateral bundle. After minimal notchplasty, the anteromedial femoral tunnel is prepared with leaving one milimeter of posterior femoral cortex within the over-the-top, which if positioned at the 11-o'clock orientation for the right knee or at the 1-o'clock position for the left knee. The posterolateral femoral tunnel that is located 5 to 7 mm superior to the inner margin of the lateral meniscus anterior horn at $90^{\circ}$ of flexion is prepared with tile outside-in technique using a 4.5 cannulated reamer. The graft material for the double bundle reconstruction is made of the conventional four-strand hamstring autograft in the anteromedial bundle and of a single-strand semitendinosus tendon in the posterolateral bundle. The anteromedial bundle is fixed with using a rigid fix system on the femoral side and the posterolateral bundle is fixed to tie with the miniplate from the outside femur. Then, with the knee in $10^{\circ}\;to\;20^{\circ}$ of flexion, a bioabsorbable screw is simultaneously applied to achieve tibial fixation with tensioning of both bundles. Conclusion: A double bundle reconstruction with five-strand hamstring autograft, which is designed with a favorable conventional anteromedial bundle and an additional posterolateral bundle to restore rotation stability, seems to be a very effective method for the treatment for ACL instabilities.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.113-119
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• 2008

Purpose: This study investigated whether a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) located at position -2 in the Kozak sequence of the TFF1 gene is associated with H. pylori infection and the development of gastric cancer in Koreans. Materials and Methods: We enrolled 167 patients with gastric cancer from January 2000 to December 2003 and also 299 healthy controls during the same period. The genotype of the TFF1 SNP was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and single strand conformation polymorphism. We also examined the H. pylori infection by Giemsa staining. Results: No significant difference in the allele or the TFF1 SNP genotype frequency was observed between the patients with gastric cancer and the control subjects (P=0.595 and P=0.715, respectively). When stratified by the histological subtype of gastric cancer and the age of the patients, the risk was not statistically significant between the two study groups (P=0.088 and P=0.551, respectively). H. pylori infection was detected in 39 cases and it was not associated with the TFF1 genotype. Conclusion: These findings suggest that this TFF1 gene polymorphism is not associated with H. pylori infection and gastric cancer in Koreans and so it doesn't contribute to the susceptibility to gastric cancer in Koreans.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.2625-2628
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• 2016

ABCC11 is reported to be associated with breast cancer. However, whether ABCC11 polymorphisms relate to breast cancer risk remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate any association of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs17822931, in ABCC11 with breast cancer in Koreans. Genomic DNA samples of 170 women with breast cancer and 100 controls were assessed for SNP rs17822931 of ABCC11 by single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) and DNA sequencing. A 27-bp deletion (${\Delta}27$) of ABCC11 was analyzed by PCR amplification. The genotype of SNP rs17822931 was confirmed to be AA in all samples from breast cancer patients and ${\Delta}27$ was found in none of the samples. Our finding indicated that the SNP rs17822931 in ABCC11 is not associated with breast cancer. However, this study does provide information on fundamental genetic aspects of ABCC11 with regard to breast cancer risk in Koreans.