• 한국수자원학회논문집
• /
• 제41권11호
• /
• pp.1143-1152
• /
• 2008

우리나라는 강우량의 편기 현상으로 6월부터 9월중에 전체 강우량의 2/3가 내리고 있으며 갈수기에는 극히 적은 강우가 발생하고 있다. 또한 이러한 갈수기에는 물 부족으로 인하여 수질이 악화되는 문제까지 발생하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 갈수기에 발생하는 수질 악화현상을 방지하기 위해 저수지로부터 하천 유하량을 증가시켜 희석을 통한 수 질개선효과를 얻을 수 있는 방법에 대하여 한강유역을 대상으로 분석하였다. SWAT-K를 이용하여 한강유역을 총 33개의 소유역으로 구분하였으며, 각 소유역에서 발생되는 자연유출량을 모의하였다. 또한 용수수요량은 과거 용수 사용량 자료를 이용하여 추정하였다. 한강유역에서 유량을 공급하는 대규모 저류지는 남한강과 북한강에서 각각 한 개씩의 다목적댐(충주댐, 소양강댐)이 있는 것으로 고려하였으며, 각각의 댐에서 물을 공급하는 경우와 동시에 공급하는 경우에 대하여 댐 용수공급 가능유하량을 분석하였다.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한원격탐사학회 1999년도 Proceedings of International Symposium on Remote Sensing
• /
• pp.107-114
• /
• 1999

The large-scale distribution of crops Is usually determined by climate. We present the results of a climate-crop prediction based on spatial bio-physical process model approach, implemented in a GIS (Geographic Information System) environment using several regional and global agriculture-environmental databases. The model utilizes daily climate data like temperature, rainfall, solar radiation being generated stocastically by in-built model weather generator to determine the daily biomass and finally the crop yield. Crops are characterized by their specific growing period requirements, photosynthesis, respiration properties and harvesting index properties. Temperature and radiation during the growing period controls the development of each crop. The model simulates geographic/spatial distribution of climate by which a crop-growing belt can also be determined. The model takes both irrigated and non-irrigated area crop productivity into account and the potential increase in productivity by the technical means like mechanization is not considered. All the management input given at the base year 1995 was kept same for the next twenty-year changes until 2015. The simulated distributions of crops under current climatic conditions coincide largely with the current agricultural or specific crop growing regions. Simulation with assumed weather generated derived climate change scenario illustrate changes in the agricultural potential. There are large regional differences in the response across the country. The north-south and east-west regions responded differently with projected climate changes with increased and decreased productivity depending upon the crops and scenarios separately. When water was limiting or facilitating as non-irrigated and irrigated area crop-production effects of temperature rise and higher $CO_2$ levels were different depending on the crops and accordingly their production. Rise in temperature led to yield reduction in case of maize and rice whereas a gain was observed for wheat crop, doubled $CO_2$ concentration enhanced yield for all crops and their several combinations behaved differently with increase or decrease in yields. Finally, with this spatial modeling approach we succeeded in quantifying the crop productivity which may bring regional disparities under the different climatic scenarios where one region may become better off and the other may go worse off.

• 환경영향평가
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.215-222
• /
• 2010

This research aims to gain the result of assessment of inflow categorized by runoff path using DIROM (Daily Irrigation Reservoir Operation Model) for Baengnyeong-myeon reservior which was built for residents of Baengnyeong island to solve the shortage of drinking water and stable supply of domestic water. The simulation results of DIROM and actual hydrograph of the reservoir show very low correlation with geological characteristics. The simulation results by DIROM after adjusting with modified Tank III model which considers all outflow from Tank II model as interflow among 3 level tanks show good correlation of its regional runoff and inflow characteristics with $R^2$=0.9058. In the study area, diffluence of 37% of rain fall of the study year has been simulated, which shows low result compared to the average river runoff of national water resource. In addition, 34.5% of total inflow to the study reservoir is mainly interflow and baseflow among expected several channels.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
• /
• 제33권5호
• /
• pp.623-634
• /
• 2000

온난화에 의한 하천유역의 수문응답(강우유출, 특히 일단위의 유황)의 변화양상을 수치실험을 통해 정량적으로 평가하였다. 이산화탄소 농도의 증가에 따른 온난화의 진행으로 야기되는 수문학적 평가는 많은 관측자료를 필요로 하며 이를 정량적으로 평가한다는 것은 대단히 어려운 일이다. 따라서 장래의 기후를 예측하는 수단으로서 적정한 시나리오를 상정하여 평가하는 방법을 생각할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 여러 가지 상정할 수 있는 시나리오 중 기온은 $0^{\circ}C$에서 $4.0^{\circ}C$까지 변화하며 강수량은 15%까지 증감할 수 있다는 시나리오를 가정하여 불확실성이 큰 지구온난화의 문제에 대하여 간단하면서 명확한 가정을 도입하였다. 따라서, 대상 유역인 안동댐 유역에 대한 장래의 하천 유량은 기후변화 시나리오에서 야기되는 강수량을 발생시켜 탱크모형에 의하여 일 유량을 모의 발생하게 된다. 본 연구에서는 2030년을이산화탄소 농도가 배증되는 시점($2{\times}CO_2$), 2010년, 2050년을 각각 $(1.5{\times}CO_2),\;(1.75{\times}CO_2),\;(2.5{\times}CO_2)$로 설정하였으며, 이 시기에 대한 하천유화의 해석 및 온난화가 발생되지 않았을 때와의 비교검토를 실시하였다.

• 한국농공학회지
• /
• 제45권7호
• /
• pp.57-69
• /
• 2003

To evaluate nutrient dynamics with different fertilization in paddy field and develop water quality model, mass balance analysis was performed during growing season of 2001-2002 in field experimental plots irrigated with groundwater. As a result of water balance analysis, most of outflow was surface drainage as about half of total outflow and about 500mm was lost by evapotranspiration. The water budget was well balanced. The runoff from paddy field was influenced by rainfall and forced drain. Especially runoff during early cultural periods more depends on the forced drain. As a result of mass balance analysis, most of nutrient was input by fertilization and lost by plant uptake. Significant amount of nitrogen were supplied by precipitation and input from upper paddy field, comprising 12%∼28% of total inflow. Nutrient loading by surface drainage was occurred showing about 15%∼29% for T-N and 6%∼13% for T-P. The response of rice yield with different fertilization was not significant in this study. Water quality model for paddy field developed using Dirac delta function and continuous source was calibrated and validated to surface water quality monitoring data. It demonstrates good agreement between observed and simulated. The nutrient concentration of surface water at paddy field was significantly influenced by fertilization. During early cultural periods when significant amount of fertilizer was applied, surface drainage from paddy field can cause serious water quality problem. Therefore, reducing surface drainage during fertilization period can reduce nutrient loading from paddy fields. Shallow irrigation, raising the weir height in diked rice fields, and minimizing forced surface drainage are suggested to reduce surface drainage outflow.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제60권2호
• /
• pp.121-132
• /
• 2018

Along with climate change, it is reported that the extreme climate events such as severe drought could cause difficulties of agricultural water supply. To minimize such damages, it is necessary to secure the agricultural water resources by using or saving the amount of irrigation water efficiently. The objectives of this study were to develop paddy water management scenarios and to evaluate their effectiveness on water saving. Three water management scenarios (a) deep irrigation with ponding depth of 20~80 mm (control, CT), (b) no/intermittent irrigation until paddy cracks (water management A, WM-A), and (c) intermittent irrigation with ponding depth under 20 mm (water management B, WM-B) were developed. Water saving effects were analyzed using monitored data from experimental paddy fields, and agricultural water supply was analyzed on a reservoir-scale using MASA model. The observed irrigation amounts were reduced by 21 % and 17 % for WM-A and WM-B compared to CT, respectively, and mainly occurred by the increase of effective rainfall. The simulation results showed that water management scenarios could reduce irrigation by 21~51 % and total inflow by 10~24 % compared to CT. The long-term simulated water level change of agricultural reservoir resulted in the decrease of dead level occurrence for WM-A and WM-B. The study results showed that WT-A and WT-B have more benefit than CT in the aspect of agricultural reservoir water supply.

• 환경영향평가
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.251-265
• /
• 2007

In this study, the influence of the construction of a large sized building on the flow and level of groundwater in a metropolitan area was investigated with simulation model MODFLOW for a selected area located in Gangseo-gu, Seoul, where a large business center was scheduled to be built. It was simulated that the groundwater level in the study area was suddenly lowered by the construction of a large building and groundwater in the surrounding area fast flowed into the study area. And even after the construction finished, the falling down of groundwater level consistently continued in some degree. The flow state of groundwater appeared to be the same in both cases where a soil cement wall is applied and where it is not during the construction. But for the case of application of a soil cement wall as the amount of groundwater flowing into the study site became reduced, it was estimated that the time for underground watershed getting far away from the site was also reduced and the influence of a building construction on the surrounding groundwater became reduced. Thus, it is deemed necessary that recharging the spilled ground water and rainfall into the construction area to lessen the abrupt change in flow and level of ground water should be considered in design of construction of a large sized building in a metropolitan area.

• 대한환경공학회지
• /
• 제28권6호
• /
• pp.654-660
• /
• 2006

본 연구에서는 대전천에 위치한 오정천지역의 소유역을 대상으로 CSOs 배출특성에 관한 모델링을 실시하였다. SWMM을 이용하여 대상유역에서 $2001{\sim}2004$년까지의 연간 유량, 수질, 및 부하량 변화에 대하여 모의를 실시하였다. 모의결과에 의하면, 강우에 의해 발생된 SS 유출부하량은 강우가 집중되는 $7{\sim}8$월에 가장 높게 나타났으나, 이때 강우의 증가에 비하여 부하량의 증가는 크지 않았는데 이는 강우가 잦은 $7{\sim}8$월에는 짧은 건기일수로 인하여 유출수의 SS농도가 낮아졌기 때문이다. $2001{\sim}2004$년 동안의 유량과 수질을 기초로 유출부하량을 산정한 결과 SS가 연간 하천에 미치는 부하량은 건기에 9.3%, 우기에 90.7%로 우기시에 미치는 영향이 매우 큰 것으로 나타났다. 우기시에 우수토실에서 월류를 통해 유출되는 CSOs는 38.4%, 차집관거로 차집 되어 하수처리장 방류구를 통해 방류되는 부분은 61.6%로 산정되었다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제54권2호
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2012

The objective of this study is to analyze the flood inundation in a low-lying rural area. The study watershed selected for this study includes the Il-Pae and Ahn-Gok watersheds. It is located in the Namyangju, Korea and encompasses $3.64km^2$. A major flood event that occurred in July 2011 was chosen as the case for the flood inundation analysis. The Hydrologic Engineering Center's Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS) and River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) were used to simulate flood runoff and water surface elevation at each cross-section, respectively. The watershed topographic, soil, and land use data were processed using the GIS (Geographic Information System) tool for the models. The contribution to the total flood volume was estimated based on the results simulated by HEC-HMS and HEC-RAS. The results showed that the overflow discharge from the Il-Pae stream constituted 80% of the total flood volume. The contributions of rainfall falling directly on the inundation area and overflow discharge from the Ahn-Gok stream were 15 % and 5 %, respectively. The simulation results in different levee scenarios for the Ahn-Gok stream were also compared. The results indicated that the levee could reduce the flood volume a little bit.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.17-24
• /
• 2018

과거 홍수로 인한 침수피해가 자주 발생하였던 안성천 하류 저지대의 홍수-유출 특성을 파악하기 위해서 HEC-HMS 모형을 적용하였다. 모형은 SCS-CN 방법으로 손실계산을, Clark의 단위도법으로 강우의 직접유출 변환을, 지수함수적 감소방법으로 기저유량을, Musingum 방벙으로 하도추적을 하는 과정을 포함한다. 모형에서 매개변수는 중요한 역할을 하므로, 최적화 기법을 시행착오법과 병행하여 최적화 변수를 도출하였다. 또한, 민감도 분석을 통하여 도달시간, 저류함수, 기저유량 관련 상수들이 모형에 미치는 영향을 파악하였다. 도달시간은 첨두유량 발생 시각에 영향을, 저류상수는 첨두 유량의 증감에 영향을 기저유량 감소비는 수문곡선 하강부의 기울기에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 최적화 과정을 통하여 모형 보정을 거친 변수를 사용하여 2건의 강우 사상에 대하여 유출모의를 수행하여 실측 자료와 비교를 하였으며, 유출체적, 첨두유량, 첨두시각을 포함한 중요 수문현상에 대하여 상당히 정확하게 모사하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 본 연구의 결과는 정책입안자가 홍수관리대책을 수립하는 데 유용한 도구로서 사용되어 질 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.