• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2002

This paper investigates the spray angle and the outline shape of the liquid sheet discharged from a simplex swirl nozzle. A theoretical model was proposed and the corresponding experimental data were presented for comparison. Axial and tangential velocities and thickness of the liquid sheet at the nozzle exit were also predicted. The liquid sheet thickness at nozzle exit, as well as the discharge coefficient, turned out to be a sole function of the swirl Reynolds number. However, the axial and tangential velocities at nozzle exit and the spray angle could not be expressed only with the swirl Reynolds number. The predicted outline shape and spray angle of the liquid sheet agreed reasonably with the measured data.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집E
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• pp.107-112
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• 2001

The effect of ambient gas (steam) condensation on swirl spray characteristics were studied experimentally for low subcooling condition of the liquid. The configuration of the liquid(water) sheet and the breakup modes were examined. Also variation of the discharge coefficient, breakup length, local and the cross-sectional area-averaged SMD of droplets with the liquid flow(injection) rate were obtained. The perforation breakup mode appears dominant with condensation while the aerodynamic wave breakup mode is dominant without condensation(in the air environment). The discharge coefficient, breakup length and the mean drop sizes decrease in a same manner with increasing of the liquid flow rate for both cases(with and without condensation). The condensation effects are insignificant with the discharge coefficient. However, the local and cross-sectional area-averaged SMD are larger and the breakup length becomes shorter in the steam environment. The spray angle predicted from the volumetric flux distribution along the radial direction of the sprays in the steam environment becomes larger with condensation.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.42-49
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• 1996

The structure of sprays from a simplex type pilot nozzle atomizer is studied experimentally by measuring velocities, Sauter mean diameter, and number density. Interaction of the spray with gas-phase flow field generated from a 1 MW range industrial gas turbine combustor adopt ing a counter-swirler is investigated. Various spray behaviors are reported. Especially interest ing characteristics are the tangential motion of the spray and of the spray with swirl interaction. It shows a Rankine combined vortex type of velocity characteristics, having linear velocity profile inside the inner core whole small particles exist and rapidly decreasing velocity profiles outside. Interacting spray has relatively uniform number density profiles compared to the nozzle spray itself.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2002년도 학술대회지
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• pp.291-294
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• 2002

This study describes the external spray characteristics of deflector nozzle such as the breakup procedures of liquid sheet, spray angle, discharge coefficient and bubble behaviors of spray and SMD at deflector nozzle. In order to visualize the spray behaviors shadow graphy technique were used. According to the increase of injection pressure, development of the spray passes through the dribbling, distoted jet, closed bubble due to the contraction by surface tension forces, the bubble opens into hollow tulip shape, and the curved surface straightened to form a conical sheet like as the simplex swirl atomizer. Spray cone angle was nearly 90 deg. Variations of SMD were examined in order to describe the dependency of SMD on the injection pressure and orifice diameter. The shape of deflector and oriffice diameter had an effect on the discharge coefficient.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2002

This study describes the external spray characteristics of deflector nozzle such as the breakup procedures of liquid sheet, spray angle, breakup length and bubble behaviors of spray at deflector nozzle. In order to visualize the spray behaviors shadow graphy technique were used. According to the increase injection pressure, deveopment of the spray passes through the dribbling, distoted jet, closed bubble due to the contraction by form a conical sheet like as the simplex swirl atomizer. As trying the analysis of the ratio of bubble length and width it was found that the ratios is comparable. Spray cone angle was nearly $90^{\circ}$.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2010년도 제35회 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.825-828
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• 2010

항공용 가스터빈 엔진은 운용 범위가 넓으며 고고도에서 운용되므로 극한 환경조건에서의 운용을 요구하며 높은 신뢰성을 요구한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 혹독한 환경에서 높은 수준의 신뢰성 있는 연소기 개발을 위한 연소기 리그시험 및 엔진 단위의 운용 안정성 평가를 수행, 최적화하였으며, 엔진개발 단계에서 수립된 시동로직을 반영하여 고고도 운전영영에서의 시동 및 운용 안정성을 검증하였다. 리그 및 엔진시험 결과, air swirler가 장착된 인젝터를 적용할 경우, 20kft Hot day 및 $-40^{\circ}C$에서 정상적인 운용 및 시동이 이루어졌다.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.691-694
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• 2008

Spray characteristics of the APU simplex fuel nozzle are investigated. Four flight conditions such as sea level idle, sea level max power, 20,000 feet idle, 20,000 feet max power are used as spray experimental conditions. Spray visualization was performed by using ND-YAG laser. Droplet size and velocity were measured by using PDPA(Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer) system. From the test result, SMD is 100 ${\mu}$m�� and velocity is 10 m/s at 20,000 ft idle condition. In this condition, flame unstability could be occurred due to the higher drop diameter. Therefore it is necessary to decrease the droplet diameter in the high altitude condition.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.5-12
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• 2000

The beneficial aspects of applying emulsion fuels to combustion systems may be due to the changes of fuel properties which lead to the enhanced atomization characteristics. The spray characteristics of water/oil emulsified fuel injected from the pressure-swirl(simplex) atomizer using for oil burner were investigated. Four different water contents from 10 to 40 % by volume at 10% increment were prepared by mixing with the different contents of surfactants. Total amount of surfactant used was varied from 1 to 3 % by volume. This study demonstrates the influence of water and surfactant contents of emulsified fuel, injection pressure on the spray characteristics, i.e. Sauter mean diameter(SMD) and spray angle. The drop size distribution of the emulsified fuel spray was measured with a Malvem particle sizer. In order to measure the spray angle, the digital image processing was employed by capturing multiple images of the spray with 3-CCD digital video camera. It was evident that the addition of water and surfactant changes fuel properties which are the key parameters influencing the atomization of the spray. The increase in surfactant content results in the decrease of SMD and the increase in spray angle. The droplets decease with increase in injection pressure, but the influence of injection pressure in this experimental condition was less important than expected. The more viscous fuel with the increase of water content exhibits the larger droplets in the centerline of the spray, and the less viscous fuel in the outer edges of the spray. The increase in axial position from the nozzle causes the spray angle to decrease. The spray angle decreases with increase in water content. This is due to increase in viscosity with increase in water content.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2013

케로신과 액체산소를 추진제로 하는 다단연소방식 액체엔진용 산화제 과잉 예연소기를 설계하여 설계점에서 연소시험을 수행하였다. 설계된 산화제 과잉 예연소기는 산화제 일부와 연료를 혼합헤드를 통해 연소실에 공급하여 연소시키고 나머지 산화제를 연소실 재생냉각채널을 거쳐 연소실 중앙의 분사공을 통해 연소실로 주입하여 기화시키는 형태로 최종적으로 연소압 20 MPa, 혼합비 60에서 작동한다. 혼합헤드에는 단일 와류형 분사기를 벌집형태로 배열하였으며 가스 온도 균일성 향상과 연소 안정성 향상을 위한 혼합링과 터빈까지의 배관을 고려한 노즐을 장착하였다. 설계점 연소시험에서 산화제 과잉 예연소기는 높은 연소 안정성과 생성가스의 균일한 온도분포를 보였다.