• 대한한의학회지
• /
• 제44권1호
• /
• pp.56-64
• /
• 2023

Objectives & Methods: The entire ≪Lingshu·Jingjin≫ content was analyzed to find repetitive patterns, as well as to analyze commonly used terms. Through this, the guidelines for interpretation were presented. Results & Conclusions: ≪Lingshu·Jingjin≫ is not a question-and-answer format, but a simple enumerated narrative format. There is no part corresponding to the introduction, only the descriptions of 12 individual Meridian-muscle exist. Each Meridian-muscle is divided into 'Flow of Muscle Mechanics(流走)' part and 'Diseases' part, and 'Flow of Muscle Mechanics' of each Meridian-muscle can be divided into 'Main Flow' and 'Branch'. 'Main Flow' is the most central 'Flow' in each 'Meridian-muscle', and 'Branch' is the part where 'Main Flow' ends and the description of another 'Flow' begins. 'Branch' has different expressions according to the importance. The expression also varies depending on the dynamics. 'Meridian-muscle' should be interpreted based on this.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제42권4호
• /
• pp.480-486
• /
• 2009

배경: Fogarty 카테터는 원위부 동맥 색전을 제거하기 위하여 고안되었으며 1960년대 이래로 급성혈전색전의 치료에 획기적인 치료법이 되었다. 그러나 지난 30년동안 동맥폐쇄의 주원인이 심장에서 비롯하는 색전으로부터 죽상동맥경화증으로 변화하였으며 이런 맥락에서 단순 Fogarty 혈전색전제거술이 여전히 효과가 있는지 의문점이 생긴다. 대상 및 방법: 1990년 3월부터 2008년 8월까지 본원에서 Fogarty 혈전제거술을 시행한 156명을 대상으로 하였다. 환자를 혈전제거술만 시행한 79명(제 1 군)과 혈관우회수술을 같이 시행한 77명(제 2 군)으로 나누어 증상의 기간, 혈전의 원인, 응급실 내원 여부, 한방치료 및 오진경험, 동반질환, 주발생부위, 사망원인 등을 후향적으로 T 검증, 교차분석, 카이제곱 및 Kaplan-Meier을 이용하여 비교분석 비교하였다. 결과: 두군 모두 환자의 나이는 평균 64$\pm$10세로 비슷하였다. 제1군과 2군의 다리 통증 기간은 평균 12$\pm$4일 vs 71$\pm$14일(p=0.001), 응급실 내원한 경우는 50명(63%) vs 18명(23%) (p=0.005), 디스크로 오인하여 치료를 받거나 침을 맞은 경우가 20명(25%) vs 30명(39%), 내원전 항응고제 치료 받은 경우는 22명(28%) vs 11명(14%), 혈전원인은 심장질환 24명(30%) vs 6명(8%) (p=0.001), 동맥경화증 46예(58%) vs 67명(87%) (p=0.001), 외상 9명(11%) vs 6명(8%)이었다. 동반질환으로는 뇌졸증, 고혈압 당뇨가 주를 이루었으며(22$\sim$37%), 막힌 부위는 대부분 장골 및 대퇴동맥이었다 우회수술은 58명(75%)에서 대퇴-대퇴 및 대퇴-슬와동맥간 우회수술을 시행했다. 내막절제술은 각각 7명(9%) vs 18명(23%)에서 동반시술이 이루어졌다(p=0.012). 수술의 성공율은 27명(34%) vs 40명(52%) (p=0.019), 다시 막힌 경우는 37명(47%) vs 20명(26%) (p=0.000), 하지절단 4명(5%) vs 12명(16%) (p=0.012), 사망 10명(13%) vs 3명(4%) (p=0.044)으로 의의있는 차이를 보였다. 결론: 최근 급성동맥폐쇄증의 원인이 류마티스 심장질환에서 동맥경화성 질환으로 변화함으로서 단순한 Fogarty 혈전색전 제거술의 효과가 줄어들고 있어 이러한 단순 시술 대신에 부가적인 우회수술법이 고려되어야 할 것이다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.573-577
• /
• 2008

$^1H$-Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry was applied to the quantitative analysis of coumarins in the roots of Angelica gigas without any chromatographic purification. The experiment was performed by the analysis of each singlet germinal methyl, which was well separated in the range of 1.0-2.0 ppm in the $^1H$-NMR spectrum. The quantity of the compounds was calculated by the ratio of the intensity of each compound to the known amount of internal standard (dimethyl terephthalate). These results were compared with the conventional gas chromatography (GC) method. The contents of decursin and decursinol angelate in A. gigas were determined $1.98{\pm}0.07$, $1.13{\pm}0.08%$ in quantitative $^1H$-NMR method and $2.06{\pm}0.24$, $1.17{\pm}0.24%$ in GC method, respectively. The advantages of quantitative $^1H$-NMR analysis are that can be analyzed to identify and quantify, and no reference compounds required for calibration curves. Besides, it allows rapid and simple quantification for coumarins with an analysis time for only 10 min without any preprocessing.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제17권11호
• /
• pp.4875-4883
• /
• 2016

Background and objective: Breast cancer-related lymphoedema (BCRL) is a disabling complication with long term impact on quality on life after breast cancer treatment. Its management remains a major challenge for patients and health care professionals; the goal of this overview was to summarize effects of different treatment strategies for patients with BCRL. Methods: A thorough search was undertaken to allow a systematic review or meta-analysis of treatments for BCRL. Two investigators independently selected studies and abstracted the data. Results: Combined physical therapy (CPT) with different combinations of surgery, oral pharmaceuticals, low-level laser therapy, weight reduction, mesenchymal stem cell therapy, kinesio tex taping, and acupuncture might be effective in reducing lymphoedema, but exercise demonstrated no obvious benefit. The results of direct comparisons showed CPT might be more effective than standard physiotherapy (ST). Manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) may not offer additional benefits to ST for swelling reduction, but could facilitate compression bandaging. MLD seemed to have similar effects with self-administered simple lymphatic drainage (SLD) or using an intermittent pneumatic compression pump (IPC). IPC might also not be associated with additional effectiveness for CPT. Efficacy of stem cell therapy vs. compression sleeve or CPT, as well as the effects of daflon and coumarin could not be established. Conclusion: Although many treatments for BCRL might reduce lymphoedema volume, their effects were not well established. The quality of many of the original studies in the included reviews was not optimal, so that in future randomized control trials are a high priority.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.17-25
• /
• 2013

Objective : The main idea of this article is to investigate the specialization of Chinese traditional medicine. The ancient shaman played a bridge role between human beings and supernatural things like ghosts. Even though he didn't have the super power, the ancients believed that he could take care of all kinds of illness. Therefore, it can be said that the medicine of Zhou Dynasty was still under the shamanism although it had already started to be specialized and professionalized. And it was the important role of the ancient shaman of that period that gave patients the shamanistic treatment on the ground of the specialized medical knowledge, which was commonly activated during that time. Method : This article is going to look into the detailed aspects of the specialization of Chinese traditional medicine through the some kinds of written attestations of Zhou Dynasty. Result : The medical knowledge of that time stayed in the early stage, so it was simple and raw. Also it had scientific and unscientific characters in itself at the same time. That's why it could be included in the shamanism; the details can be offered through another article of mine entitled A Research of Shamanistic Medical Activities on Written Attestations in the Zhou Dynasty(兩周時期的醫療巫術), which is being written now. Conclusion : From beginning of the Eastern Zhou period, the medicine gradually got to be specialized. And then the specialized medical treatment and shamanistic medical activities began to be divided as the different two occupations. Searching for various written attestations of that period, we can see lots of records about the specialized medicine treatment such as acupuncture and moxibustion and the medical substances.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
• /
• 제19권1호통권32호
• /
• pp.137-154
• /
• 2006

From the Study on the Pricking blood therapy of ${\ulcorner}$HwangjeNaegyeong${\lrcorner}$, we conclude as follows; 1. The blood is apt to coagulate because of having concreteness. The blood is mainly coagulate as the collateral Meridian, minute collaterals, superficial collaterals and superficial vessels. By way of the Pricking blood therapy, the Stagnation of blood can be circulated, pathogenic factor removed, Eum-Yang(陰陽) and Gi and blood(氣血) can reach their balance. 2. To bloodletting, we should examine minutely, touch carefully with the region of the stagnated blood. After close observation of the stagnated blood, we should remove the stagnated blood up to clear. At the same time, we should observe carefully the color of the stagnated blood. 3. The acupuncture used for the Pricking blood therapy were stone needle, Bongchim(鋒鍼), Chamchim(?鍼), Pichim(?鍼) and Hochim(毫鍼) etc: After ages, from the base of Bongchim(鋒鍼), the three-edged needle became typical form. The skill of the Pricking blood therapy also became diverse, clinical application became wide. 4. After giving medical treatment with the Pricking blood therapy, reactions are various. Among them are side effects and normal effects. 5. The Pricking blood therapy is usually considered as simple sectional curing method, while it was considered as curing disease of JangBu(臟腑) or meridians in ${\ulcorner}$Hwangje-Naegyeong${\lrcorner}$. Therefore, if we sould apply the Pricking blood therapy on the basis of ${\ulcorner}$Hwangje-Naegyeong${\lrcorner}$, we should carefully understand the pattern identification according to Meridians and collaterals, and pattern identification of the Jang-Bu organs.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.117-124
• /
• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to understand the meaning and the yin-yang properties of the six qi and the three yin and three yang as well as to understand the relationship between the six qi and the three yin and three yang. Methods : As the concept of six qi is the six climatic influences after all, I tried to grasp the yin and yang properties of the six qi on the basis of the meteorology and Yun Qi theory. Based on this I studied the concept and properties of the three yin and three yang. Results and Conclusions: (1) Among the six qi, cold and heat refer to temperature, dryness and dampness to humidity, and wind and ministerial fire to atmospheric pressure. Wind is an ascending air current while ministerial fire is a descending air current. Therefore, wind, heat, and dampness are the yang, and ministerial fire, dryness, and cold are the yin. (2) Three yin and three yang represent changes of ying and yang of all things following six qi changes. Simple deviation of qi can be described by yin and yang, but consequent changes in form required further developed concepts of three yin and three yang. In other words, the changes of the form caused by wind, heat, and dampness are namely reverting yin, lesser yin, and greater yin respectively, while the changes of the form caused by ministerial fire, dryness, and cold are expressed as lesser yang, yang brightness, and greater yang respectively.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.126-135
• /
• 2018

Objectives : The purpose of this report to represent the efficacy of pressure ulcer treatment with fractional laser therapy and Korean medicine. Methods : We treated Parkinsonism patients with pressure ulcer using herbal medicine, fractional mode laser therapy, acupuncture and simple dressing for 3 weeks. Laser was set on fractional mode (on time $100{\mu}s$, dot pitch 0.6 mm, shape RECT) and irradiated around pressure ulcer site and center of pressure ulcer site once a day. The treatment effect was evaluated by The National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel(NPUAP) stage and the The Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing(PUSH) tool(3.0). Results & Conclusions : Pressure ulcer site have improved markedly. NPUAP stage was improved from 2 to 1 and total score of the PUSH tool decreased from 12 to 8. Even though the wound was not cured completely, this shows that fractional laser therapy and Korean medicine could be effective treatment for improving pressure ulcers.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.284-305
• /
• 1997

A Literatural study on the etiological factors, classification, prescription of hemorrhoids and hemorrhoids complicated by anal fistula following results were obtained. 1. The cause of hemorrhoids are long time sit, long time gate, overfatigue, overeating, imbalance of stool( constipation or diarrhea), pregnant fertility(overfatigue after childbirth, insufficiency of middle warmer energy), uncontrol sexual excess, pathgenic factors of wetness, heat, wind, dry, genetic cause, excess of anxiety, pile up of heat poison, weakness of entrails and viscera. The cause of hemorrhoid complicated by anal fistula are attack of external wind, heatness, dry, fire, wetness(pathgenic factors), inapporiate treatment and chronic disease, greasy diet, excess of anxiety, constipation, uncontrol sexual excess, obstacle of circulation of vital energy and blood on anal site. 2. Classification of hemorrhoids are female hemorrhoids, male hemorrhoids, pulse hemorrhoids, intestines hemorrhoids, vital energy hemorrhoids, wine hemorrhoids, blood hemonhoids, flowing hemorrhoids. Classification with other method are external hemorrhoids, internal hemorrhoids, mixed hemorrhoids, excrescence hemorrhoids, nipple homorrhoids. External hemorrhoids is classified of varicosis of hemorrhoidal vein, connective tissue form, thrombus form. Classification of hemorrhoid complicated by anal fistula are simple lower hemorrhoid, lower mixed hemorrhoid, deep hemorrhoid, outer of one hole hemorrhoid, a horseshoe hemorrhoids. Once more classificated of four are space of sphincter muscle form, penetration sphincter muscle form, upper of sphincter muscle form, outer of sphincter muscle form. 3. Therapy method of hermorrhoid and hemorrhoid complicated by anal fistula are internal method, fumigation method method, ointment, method of close with medicine, necrotizing method, hot medicated compress( gxternal method), injection, insertion, bind, (operation) and acupuncture therapy (the others method) 4. Herb medicine for many used of internal method are Scutellaria baikalensis George(黃芩), Coptis japonia Makino(黃連), Rehmania giutinosa Liboschitz ex Fischer & Meyer(生地黃), Poncirus trifoliata Refinesque(枳殼), Sanguisorba officinalis Linne(地楡), Sophora japonica L.(槐花), Cnidium officinale Makino (川芎), Astragalus membranaceus Bunge(황기), Angelica gigas Nakai (當歸). 5. Herb medicine for many used of fumigation are Schlechtendalia Chinesis J. Bell (五倍子), Artemisia Vulgaris L. var indica Maxim(艾葉), Poncirus trifoliata Refinesque (枳殼), Nepeta japonica Maximowicy(荊芥), And herb medicine for many used of ointment are Calomelas(輕粉), Alum(白礬), Boswellia carterii Birdwood(乳香), Os Draconis Fossilia Ossis Mastodi(龍骨).

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.143-150
• /
• 2010

Objectives: This research aims to know the current status and prospect of traditional medical market to provide sources in setting a development strategy and making a policy on the traditional medicine Methods: This research categorized 11,611 clinics registered in telephone directory as of 2008 by region and some clinics were extracted with simple random method. The inquiry was made with questionnaires and analyzed on the base of frequency. Results: 1. The number of the employee in a clinic were slightly decreased from 2.9 in 2005 and 2006 to 2.8 in 2007. That of the patients also showed a downward tendency from 11,811 in 2005 through 11,716 in 2006 to 11,344 in 2007. 2. An annual turnover in a clinic amounted to 257 million won in 2007 from 232 million won in 2005 through 245 million won in 2006. 3. Approximately 92% of the responses made a negative diagnosis on the traditional medical market and 21% of responses indicated the overall economic recession as a primary reason in their opinions. 4. About 29% of responses presented the extension of medical insurance on traditional medicine as a prior policy. Conclusions: Based on the survey, the prospect of traditional medical market is positive, but the effort of the people in traditional medical system and the systematic support from government are required to activate the stagnated traditional medical market.