• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.99-105
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• 2016

In this paper, a groundwater hydrological study of the Gyeongju well during the Silla period is conducted to investigate how sufficiently the Gyeongju well supplied water demand at the time. It is assumed that the current geology and soil condition in Gyeongju remain similar to the Silla period. Also, the land use and land coverage during the Silla period is estimated based on the current land condition in Gyeongju. Precipitation during the Silla period is analyzed using precipitation data from 1984 to 2014 provided by Gyeonju weather station. Precipitation analysis is applied based on 3 different scenarios; precipitation intensity during the Silla period was Case (1) the same as, Case (2) 30% more, and Case (3) 30% less than the precipitation intensity of the last decade (2005~2014). Furthermore, to observe the use of the well in Gyeongju during droughts, the following condition(Case (4)) is also considered; ten year drought during the Silla period was the same as the ten year drought from 1984 to 2014. Available amount of groundwater development is analyzed using NRCS-CN method. The results show that the potential amount of groundwater in Gyeongju during Silla era was for Case (1) $62,825,272m^3/year$, Case (2) $93,606,567m^3/year$, Case (3) $32,277,298m^3/year$, and Case (4)$32,870,896m^3/year$. Also, it has been shown that $45,260,000m^3$ of groundwater were required to supply to all households in Gyeongju during Silla era. Therefore, if the precipitation intensity during Silla era was similar with the last decade, the groundwater would provide enough supply to all households in Gyeongju. However, in the case that the precipitation intensity during Silla era was 30% less than the last decade or a ten year drought happened, it is predicted that the water use in Gyeongju would have been limited.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.189-201
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• 1994

This study is an analysis of the costume terminologies of Silla nine costume terminologies were compared with other languages. The results of this study revealed that the costume terminologies of Sill were related to Semitic language group such s Hebrew, Aramaic, Arabic, and Assyrian as well as Persian, Turkish, Mongolic, Manchu, Gyliak and so on. The results of the analysis of this study imply that he people Silla had cultural contacts with the people of the Middle Est Asia and Near East Asia as well as their neibouring people such as Mongolians, Manchurians and Giyaks.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.1
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• pp.230.2-231
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• 2003

The seaweed, as source of bio-active substances as well as food, has received much attention in recent years. This study was carried out to determine the cytotoxic and chemopreventive effects of Porphyra tenera (PT) and Enteromorpha linza (EL). The PT and EL extracts from methanol were fractionated to five different types, which are hexane, ethylether, ethylacetate, butanol and water. (omitted)

• 건축역사연구
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.93-112
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• 1995

The wooden pagoda was first appeared in about late 4th century in Korea. And between the late 6th century and the eary 7th centry, the multistoried wooden pagoda was replaced with the stone pagodas, in order to improve their stability and durability. In Three-kingdom and Unificated-Silla period, there are two types of stone stupas in Korea. The one is Paekche(百濟)style, and the other is Silla(新羅) style stone pagoda. These two styles are basically different in each part like podium, roof stone, body stone, structure and the others. Two types of stupas are distributed in two regions which devided into the East(Silla territory) and West(Paekche territory) in the Korean peninsular. The origin of the Korean stone pagoda can be traced to the Paekche dynasty and Silla dynasty. The former were the result of the careful study of their skillful wooden pagodas, where the latter were actualy originated from copying their sundried brick pagodas with stone. Two important pagodas of the primitive stage are the stone pagoda of Miruksa(彌勒寺) temple in Iksan and Bunhwangsa(芬皇寺) temple in Kyungju. These two pagodas are compared with each other in the style of their construction. Silla style have sharp straight lines and short distance between roof stone and eaves. They give us strong as well as intelletural feeling. Howerever, Paekche style has curved lines and dull angles of cutting area of stone, they give us soft feeling.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.191-213
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• 2023

Romans in the fifth and sixth centuries BC referred to the people who brought silk from the Far East via the pre-Han (漢) silk road as "Seres". The Seres' colorful silk was characterized by intricate patterns and high yarn density, markedly different than thin "China silk". This study examined geographic and genealogic records and linguistic evidence and found support for the syllogistic conclusion that the "Seres" were the early Silla people. The Seres' territory in the seventh century BC was much larger than that of the Qin (秦) or Zhou (周), extending from Xinjiang to Balhae. According to literature records, Dong-Yi (東夷) invented Geum (錦) silk in the 11th century BC around Balhae, where silkworm trees were abundant. In the Han dynasty, even thin silk was rare and expensive, but in Gojoseon (古朝鮮), Geum silk was common and less valuable than beads. The Silla delivered surplus Geum silk, fur, and high-quality iron to the West. Linguistic evidence includes historical names for Silla: "Sira," "Saro," and "Sere," as well as records naming King Ruri of Silla "Seri-Ji"; and the replacement of the word "Seres" by the word "Silk" from the Goguryeo word for "yarn winder": "sil-kkury".

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.213-222
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• 2009

We obtained four zoeal stages of Harrovia japonica from laboratory-hatched material. They are described, illustrated in detail, and compared with those of other known species in the family Pilumnidae. The general zoeal morphology of H. japonica coincides well with those of other known species of the Eumedoninae (excluding Echinoecus pentagonus) and Pilumnus minutus of the Pilumninae. In order to facilitate the study of planktoncollected material, we provide a key for the identification of seven known zoeae of the Eumedoninae from the IndoPacific.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제30권12호
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• pp.1033-1041
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• 2020

최근 모든 연령대의 사람들은 미용적인 이유로 더 밝은 피부를 원하고 있으며, 천연 제품은 화학적으로 합성된 화합물보다 더 많은 관심을 받고 있다. 조구등은 아시아에서 전통 한약재로 널리 사용되어 왔다. 새로운 피부 미백제를 찾기 위해 본 연구에서는 조구등의 항산화 활성과 잠재적인 tyrosinase 억제 작용을 확인하였다. 조구등을 70% 에탄올로 추출하여 항산화 활성을 분석하고 tyrosinase 활성과 melanin 합성에 미치는 영향을 평가했다. 총 mRNA 발현은 RT-PCR을 사용하였다. 그 결과 조구등 추출물은 B16F10 세포에서 뛰어난 항산화 능력과 상당한 수준의 폴리페놀 및 플라보노이드 화합물을 함유하였다. 또한, 세포 내 tyrosinase 활성을 억제하고 처리된 세포에서 melanin의 양을 감소시켰다. Tyrosinase의 mRNA 발현은 1 mg/ml 농도에서 현저히 감소하였다. 이와 같은 결과는 조구등이 미백 효과가 있는 화장품의 천연 소재로 사용될 수 있는 높은 잠재력을 가지고 있음을 시사한다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2014년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.604-607
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• 2014

The Seongdeok Divine Bell(nicknamed "Emile Bell") represents the bell of the Silla dynasty. However, ringing it was stopped since 2003 for the safety of the bell. Currently, Kyungju city is performing a project casting a new great bell(tentatively named "Great Bell of Silla") that inherits the beautiful appearance and the sound of the Seongdeok Divine Bell in order to ring a new coming millenium. The new bell is designed to be almost same as the Seongdeok Divine Bell in terms of size, weight and shape as well as its sound. In this study, we investigate the problems occurring in the design of the bell structure and propose the design strategy for the reconstruction of the traditional large bells.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.281-287
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• 2011

In this study, we evaluated the antioxidant activity of pine needle extracts prepared with hot water, ethanol, hexane, hot water-hexane (HWH), and hot water-ethanol (HWE), using the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical method. The hot water extract possessed superior antioxidant activity than the other extracts. We also compared the antioxidant activity of pine needle extracts through ROS inhibition activity in a cellular system using MC3T3 E-1 cells. The hot water extract exhibited the lowest ROS production. The pattern of HPLC analysis of each extract indicated that the hot water extract contained the highest proanthocyanidin level. The pine needle hot-water extract was then isolated and fractionated with Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography to determine the major contributor to its antioxidant activity. The No.7 and 12 fractions had high antioxidant activities, that is, the highest contents of proanthocyanidins and catechins, respectively. These results indicate that the antioxidant activity of procyanidins from the hot water extract of pine needles is positively related to not only polymeric proanthocyanidins but also to monomeric catechins. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of the pine needle hot water extract was similar to well-known antioxidants, such as vitamin C. This suggests that pine needle proanthocyanidins and catechins might be of interest for use as alternative antioxidants.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.1214-1229
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• 2013

Maintaining our tradition makes us have pride for our nation and plays important role for recognition and establishment of identity for our unique culture in the world. Contrast to the western scientific technique, the scientific technique of Silla Bell absorbed in the life of our nation is the fruit of wisdom science found through rich life and experience by harmony between our nation and nature. Today, ideological backgrounds for many cultural heritages weren't be found and there are many overflowing hypothesis. Silla Bell is the plastic art including cumulative utopia of the racial spirit. So there would be the information of the racial spirit including symbolization, artistry, creativity, and historicity. However, unlikely with the words, it is the profoundly concentrated shape, so the meaning can be diluted or distorted in later generation. The efforts to figure out the symbolization in Korean bells, especially Silla bell according to its exclusive shape, but no hypothesis was accepted as an established theory of academia by gaining extensive agreements. Thus this paper traces the symbolic meaning accumulated in the shape and prepares for the theoretical background accessing to the artistic spirit of forebears who created super-humanity formativeness. Also regarding the Silla bell which is regarded as the best Buddhist metal craft that people believe they can be free from the anguish at the time of listening to its sound, we studied the symbolization of the bell as the religious ritual custom as well as the possibility to utilize the bell as a motif of living art in the aspect of formative expression.