• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.411-414
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• 1999

• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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• 1988.06a
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• pp.16-16
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• 1988

• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.205-208
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• 2001

• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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• 1987.06b
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• pp.38-38
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• 1987

• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.339-342
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• 2000

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 1989

The reaction of silk with a disulfide-containing crosslinking agent, i.e. bis($\beta$-isocyanatoethyl)disulfide(BIED), was studied in an attempt to obtain disulfide-crosslinked silk. The setting properties of disulfide-crosslinked silk fibers were studied. The permanent set values of single fibers were evaluated after the set fibers were relaxed in boiling water. When single fibers were set in boiling water or in boiling alkaline solution, the permanent set values of BIED-treated silk fibers were less than those of untreated silk fibers. When the fibers were treated with 2% thioglycolic acid solution at $60^\circ{C}$ followed by oxidation, settability of BIED-treated silk was better than that of untreated silk. The rearrangement of secondary bonds faciliated by cleavage of crosslinks as well as the rearrangement of crosslinks itself seems to be an important role in the set stability.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.333-338
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• 2006

Silk fibroin (SF) fiber from the Antheraea pernyi silkworm was treated with a 1.23 N iodine-potassium iodide ($I_2-KI$) aqueous solution, and the structure and physical properties were investigated to clarify the effects of the iodine treatment. The noticeably high weight gain value of SF fiber, about 25 wt% was attributed to the absorption of polyiodide ions in the form of $I_3{^-}\;and\;I_5{^-}$. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction measurements suggested that polyiodide ions mainly entered the amorphous region. In addition, a new sharp reflection on the meridional direction, corresponding to a period of $7.0{\AA}$, was observed and indicated the possibility of the formation of mesophase structure of ${\beta}$-conformation chains. Dynamic viscoelastic measurements showed that the damping tan ${\delta}$ peak at $270^{\circ}C$ gradually shifted to lower temperature in the iodinated SF fibers, suggesting an enhancement of the molecular motion of the fibroin chains induced by the presence of polyiodide ions. With heating above $254^{\circ}C$, the iodine component introduced intermolecular cross-linking of SF, and the melt flow of the sample was inhibited. The thermal decomposition stability of fibroin molecules was greatly enhanced by iodine treatment.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.169-173
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• 1997

The behavior of tyrosine(Tyr.) residue of Bombyx mori silk fiber from yellow fluorescent cocoon has been examined for the dependence of pH in aqueous silk solution under the presence of orange II salt. Through the peak separation of angular dependence of spectral pattern of 15N-Tyr. and [1-13C]-Tyr. between the fiber axis and the molecular bond direction, N-H bond in fiber as well as the orientation distribution around the fiber axis were analyzed. Also, and sericin component was obtained from these angular dependence of oriented spectral pattern. The pH dependence of the 13C NMR chemical shift of B. mori silk fibroin was examined in aqueous solution in the presince of orange II are broad at pH$\geq$7.0. However, these become sharper at pH$\geq$8.0 and remain sharp at higher pH. In these higher pH range, a chemical shift change occurs due to the deprotonation of the Tyr. side group of fibroin. At higher pH. such a hydrophobic cluster is destroyed because of the electrostatic interaction according to the deprotonation of the Tyr-OH group.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.391-400
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• 2002

This study was intended to research the dyeing with natural walnut hull extracts over cotton, flax, rayon, wool, nylon and silk. We studied the dyeing conditions and mordant effect, and observed dyeability. The result are as follows: 1. In the dyeability with natural walnut hull extracts, protein and polyamide fiber has more dye uptake rather than cellulose fiber. 2. The optimum condition in the dyeing with natural walnut hull extracts was at $90^{\circ}C$, 12%(o.w.b) concentration in 90 mins. 3. In the case of the dyeability by repeated dyeing number, the dyeability of good dyeability fiber is improved in the first or second dyeing, but that of bad dyebality fiber is improved when it is dyed more repeatedly. 4. In the dyeablity treated with mordants, Al, Sn, and Mg don't have any differences, but Cu and Fe have some difference. The color of Fe mordant is green and the color of Cu mordant is blue. 5. In the case of the color fastness with mordant treatment, nylon is better than silk and wool in color fastness to washing but silk is better than nylon and wool in color fastness to light.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2011

To investigate the combination dyeing properties of natural dyes, the combination dyeing using gallnut,-Al, Cu, Fe-sappan wood, and gallnut-Al, Cu, Fe-gardenia was performed on bast fiber of mulberry, cotton, silk, and their K/S values, colors, and sunlight fastness were measured. The gallnut-Al, Cu, Fe-gardenia dyeing showed the highest K/S values when the dyeing concentration of gallnut is 3%. It tended to show the higher K/S values than gallnut-Al, Cu, Fe-sappan wood. The silk showed the highest values of in K/S, and then followed by cotton, and bast fiber of mulberry. The mordants developed different colors on the bast fiber and the cotton treated with gallnut-Al, Cu, Fe-sappan wood. However, the silk showed a series of YR, showing no effect of the mordants on the development of color. The combination dyeing of gallnut-Al, Cu, Fe-gardenia showed a series of Y. The results showed that sappan wood could develop various colors but gardenia could develop a series of Y. No distinct improvement on sunlight fastness of the combination dyeing was observed.