• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.13-33
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• 2016

In arts, literary is always dealing human emotion and it makes a man weap or laugh among them. Hence, insight on how to write a poet is very effective in view of literary theraphy. The healing effect by literary theraphy on the invisible frame of life gives the resultant limitation using the poetry of a fixed form. Therefore, the search on how to write the free human immune system related on neurons or on how to deal with literary drugs makes our technique creatively developed. In this study, "the right writings for Korean poetry of a fixed form 'Writing Sijo'" is shown to make the literary theraphy more extensible and it is shown to makes the life quality more abundant. This paper suggests the right writing methodology of Sijo in such a view point.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.37-64
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• 2015

This technical research paper attempts to examine literature therapeutic significance of Sijo. This research analyzes how the therapeutic mechanisms of literature or sentence can be physiologically applied to human nerve system. To study such interactions between therapeutic mechanisms of literature and human physiological mechanisms, diverse on- and offline Sijo activities, such as a Facebook group "Sijoya Nolja", were studied, as well as various publications in literature and medicine. For the three years this research was being conducted, 27 out of 488 Sijo poets debuted through Sinchunmunye, and many have gone professional through various contests. 19 of them became members of Sijo Poet Associations of Korea, with globalization of Sijo in mind. Their aggressive activity proves that the quality of live was elevated through literature therapy. The therapeutic effects are especially dramatic for older authors, and authors with traumatic experience. Through this research, Sijo turned out to be a form of literature with the quickest effect on elevating quality of life. To solve problems such as depression, emotional isolation, and other mental conditions, literature therapy through Sijo should be implemented, and therapeutic approach of literature should be more professionalized.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.43
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• pp.41-66
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• 2015

A study on rhythm of a sijo was mostly conducted based on rhythm theory. As it is considered to define the rhythm of a formal sijo based on three verses, its significance has been recognized. However, if rhythm is understood to be superior to cadence or versification, it seems necessary to examine the rhythm of a sijo as a verse with a fixed form as well as a highly individual rhythm of each and every lyric poet, which is informal rhythm, in order to fully understand them. In this case, prosodie analysis by H. Meschonnic (1932~ 2009) can be a significant methodology. As this study gropes for a possibility to examine the rhythm of a sijo from a new perspective instead of existing rhythm theory through the application of H. Meschonnic's prosodie analysis, it can be regarded as an essay. Prosodie newly suggested by Meschonnic is referred to as linguistic organization of consonants and vowels and indication of their paradigm, and it conflicts the perspective that traditionally separates linguistic sound from meaning for dichotomous understanding. It is due to the fact that the organization of consonants and vowels is a unit that constitutes a complicated layer of significant sound and meaning. Accordingly, prosodie analysis that is irregularly and aperiodically distributed within poetic text can be considered as methodology aimed at explaining how a poem is integrated in terms of sound and semantics. The core of prosodie analysis is to examine how the phonologic system stands against the theme of a poem. It ultimately has the same way of establishing literary style of a poet as it is to explain a unique aesthetic structure that individual poems have and show distinct characteristics of linguistic use by a poet. Prior to application of the prosodie analysis to sijo in general, the study preparatorily conducted prosodie analysis on < Ouga > by Gosan Seon-do Yun.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.23
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• pp.133-159
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• 2005

This thesis is about Sijo(traditional Korean poem) made-up of 35 volumes and 45 poems written by Han Yong-un. The aim of this study is reappraise the Sijo which is not known to Korean people. There are four thesis about Sijo so far. Ko Myeong-su divided Sijo into separate subjects and researched it very deeply. After I read the Chinese Poems of Han Yong-un, I researched the relationships between subject matter and its theme. The relationships are between the moon and religion, spring and aspiration, autumn and grief or lose, and the sword and patriotism. I chose to discuss a Sijo 'Mugunghwa Shimeukwajeo'(무궁화(無窮花)를 심으과저) shich deals with the moon and religion. The main subject matter of this S is the moon. There are three poems in this volume. They are all about the moon. There is a Mugunghwa (無窮花) on the moon. This poem asserts that the moon is good for love, and it is the subject matter of the poet's religion. The moon in the Chinese poem 'Okjungkamwhiy'(獄中感懷) believes there is hope in prison. The moon in 'Wolbang(月方中) is Buddhist thinking. I researched 'Geochon'(早春) tee poems about spring and aspiration. The first poem is about the independent movement against the Japanese. Autumn is about the feeling of lose in the life. Sijo 'Chuyamong' (秋夜夢) is lose the lover. The second poem is about conquering all difficulties of the poet's current circumstance. The third poem is about the feeling of vacuum in his life. The fourth poem is about deploring losing his mind. 'Nam-a'(男兒) and 'Urinim'(우리님) are books about patriotism. These poems have the subject matter of a sword for song patriotism. 'Kiharksaeng'(寄學生), 'Anhaeju'(安海州), and 'Hwangmaecheon'(黃梅泉) are patriotic poems. In this study, I found that the subject matter and the theme in the Chinese poems of Han Yong-un(韓龍雲) are related. Mainly he used the metaphor of the moon for religion, spring for aspiration, autumn for grief or lose, and sword for patriotism.

• Korean Language and Literature
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• v.69 no.69
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• pp.213-246
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• 2018

The subject of this study is the arrangement of the works for the publication of Garam Lee Byeong-gi's complete works and the direction for developing the study of Garam. The publication of Garam Lee Byeonggi's complete works is to investigate, collect, arrange, and publish all his works that he wrote during in his lifetime, that is, all his separated volumes and all materials that were published in newspapers and magazines. Garam Lee Byeong-gi's complete works will be published in October 2017. The volumes that will be published in Garam Lee Byeong-gi's complete works are two sijo collections, a volume of sijo theory, a volume of Korean literature history, a volume of an outline of Korean literature, eight annotated books, six translation books and the selections, 11 textbooks, two bibliography, one history book for children, the handwritten diaries (49 notebooks), and one notebook of archaic words. They are in total 35 kinds of books. Also, if about 850 writings published in over 118 newspapers, magazines, and scholarly journals and 47 school songs are added, all materials amount to about 930 pieces of writing. These vast and different works will be printed in compilation which will be made up

• Journal of Korean Language Education
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• no.42
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• pp.323-368
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• 2018

This study is based on the view point of diglossia that Chinese writing held a higher position than Korean language in the Joseon Dynasty, especially during the 16th century. Diglossic writers were focus on and the implication of diglossia in literacy education was examined. In particular, the diglossic literary features of Korean poetry and songs were examined, with a focus on differences in the authors' gender: female(Hwang Jini and Heo Nanseolheon) and male (Lee Hwang, Jeong Cheol and others). In the case of diglossic literature written by male poets, their Hansi and Sijo had quite different subjects. In addition, their Hansi, which was the exclusive property of noblemen, was largely based on their lives. However, the female poet Heo Nanseolheon covered wider range of subjects and used the first-person point of view, even when the content was not based on her actual life. In particular, she wrote Hansi as lyrics for Korean songs and thus, some of her Hansi can be enjoyed through singing. This differs considerably from the work of male diglossic writers. Furthermore, this tendency can be seen in the history of Hansi after the 18th century. Another female poet, Hwang Jini free from Neo-Confucianism, depicted her free thoughts and expressions in Sijo and reflected various poetic speakers' situations in both Sijo and Hansi. This is especially interesting since women were considered to be of lower social class at that time; these two female poets did not just refuse to follow the writing patterns of male noblemen, they also applied the characteristics of Korean poetry and songs to Hansi and disrupted the traditional characteristics of Hansi. In current education, the 2015 revised national curriculum put emphasize on understanding not only the scope of functional literacy, but also the principle for enhancing critical perception with respect to understanding the ways of communication of power and hierarchical structure. This can be considered a good principle, although mainstream literature does not pay attention to it. In addition, it can be applied through self-internalization and an acceptance of literature in school education by using the spoken language culture that students generally prefer in digital media. Highlighting the perception of advantages and characteristics, when minority statuses are linked to artistic freedoms to flout current prevailing values and cultural tendencies, can enhance not only classical literature literacy but also improve students' characteristics and competency.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.24
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• pp.87-111
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to delve into displaced people's consciousness of hometown by examining the Sijo Wu Suk-ja who was born in Gaeseong. North Korea. Specifically, it's attempted to look into displaced people's longing for hometown, their desire for the unification of South and North Koreas and their will to that. Few poets had ever coherently sticked to the themes of the pain arising from losing one's hometown and the division of the nation and of yearning for national unification. The division of the nation is a unique problem that only Korea is faced with in the world, and looking into how this issue is reflected in Sijo written by a displaced person is like shedding light on the problems with the nation. The matter of national unification is one of the absolute, unavoidable tasks in which every Korean people should be involved. and all of us should think of how it could be attained. Under the circumstances, the effort by this study to examine Sijos written by a displaced person to find out displaced people's longing for their hometown during the long period of time more than half a century, their pain resulting from separating from their families. and their long-cherished desire for the unification of the nation would serve as a chance to wake up to what problems we are confronted with and to let us direct more energy into national unification. When her nine collections of Sijo were investigated. it's found that her consciousness of hometown could be characterized by three things. The first Is the pain about losing hometown and yearning for that, and another is the pain caused by dispersed families and longing for them, and the third Is a desire for the unification of the nation and a will to that.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.155-177
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• 2003

Jeong Geuk-in was a poet of the early Joseon period. He lived for 45 years before Hangeul was published and 35 years afterwards. So, he wrote poetry both in Chinese and Korean. He was a creative writer who wrote Korean poems and songs. There were only a few works written in Korean including and before him. His Korean poems are , and . He created Korean poems and songs by unifying three literary forms of Sijo, Gyeong-gi-che-ga and Gasa. This study was intended to examine written in Korean. For the study, the form of the Bul-woo-heon-ga was analyzed and it was considered as Saseolsijo (a form of sijo with no restrictions on the length of the first two verses) for genre classification. However, it is generally thought that the Saseolsijo appeared in the seventeenth century. Therefore, this study is to explain the reason why Bul-woo-heon-ga is included in Saseolsijo. Another problem is that the writer of Bul-woo-heon-ga is not Jeong Geul-in, because of the fact that the speaker who appears in Bul-woo-heon-ga admired Jeong Geuk-in. In general, people do not admire themselves. As Jeong Geuk-in is a subject to be admired in the book, it is thought that the writer of the book is considered as one of his pupils or friends.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.30
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• pp.263-300
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• 2009

Adoration for nature constitutes one of the primary subjects that literature has tackled since the origin of human history. Nature expressed through a poet's subjective imagination is the internalized and reorganized nature. This study examines the view on nature enacted in Ch'o-Jung's three-verse poems (sijo) in light of the traditional views on nature implicated in the ancient three-verse poems (koshijo), which is in line with the long-established Oriental view on nature. To dignitaris(sadaebu) in the Chosun Dynasty, nature appeared as the idealistic subject for moral culture ($shims{\breve{o}}ngsuyang$), which also becomes the literary space where the purity and justice of the world view of Neo-Confucianism(Sungrihak) is contained in the form of the three-verse poem, the lyrical poetic space where the "I" is united with nature by way of "enjoying of wind and moon"($umpungnongw{\breve{o}}i$) and "living in quiet retiremen"($yuyuchaj{\breve{o}}k$), and the object for the poetical perception of the surrounding world. Ch'o-Jung' s three-verse odes are found in Reed pipe ($Ch'oj{\breve{o}}k$), Sixty Five Pieces of Three-Verse Odes (Samhaengshi-$yukshipopy{\breve{o}}n$), Autumn Fragrance ($Hyangginam{\check{u}}n-ga{\check{u}}l$), and The Words of Zelko va Tree ($N{\check{u}}tinamu{\check{u}}i-mal$). This study analyzes 212 pieces of Ch'o-Jung' s three-verse poems chosen from theses books. In Ch'o-Jung's poems, the traditional view on nature expressed in the ancient three-verse poems is rendered in such a way that metaphysical understanding of nature is indirectly transmitted through the objective correlatives found nature. Nature is no longer the object of straightforward utterance, but transformed, displaced, and removed: that way, nature gets objectified to form a complicated and multi-layered structure. In conclusion, the view on nature manifested in Ch'o-Jung's three-verse poems is based on traditional metaphysics. Second, nature is the object of lyrical nostalgia and adoration. Third, nature is imbued with the fundamental affection for parents. Fourth, nature is associated with organic life. Fifth, the nature in Ch'o-Jung's poems reveals the beauty of stillness endorsed in Lao-tse's and Chung-tze's philosophy. And last, nature is the agent for self-realization and meditation.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.30
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• pp.21-52
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• 2009

This study observed what roles and identity the Taoist Hermits have when they appear in Korean Verse, SiJo, which was preoccupied by the illustrious-officials in Choseon Dynasty. This study has found that languages of Taoist Hermit frequently appear in SiJo, through the historical study documents focusing on only the mountain wizards in terma of the genre, SiJo. Of those terms used by Taoist Hermit, most prominent was 'JeokSongJa', which was expressed as that sought by the illustrious-officials-they were using the sentence, 'I will follow JeokSongJa' to the extent that it is an idiom. This suggests that the illustrious officials in ChoSeon Dynasty meant if one was going to be entitled to become a Taoist Hermit, he should seek 'JeokSongJa' first. We can see those illustrious officials were using the words with a ideological tone, affected by then 'JangRyang' or 'BeomRyo' who were devoting themselves to finding 'JeokSongJa' with a belief that they could become a Taoist Hermit and live forever, which had been handed down as a legend or a myth. Meanwhile, Li Po is a profile who can not considered, separately in the history of Korean Literature. Li Po recited poems, as a great poet and a hard drinker, who were incited in SiJo of those illustrious officials as a intimate person. In contrast, among those who were accepted as a negative profile, were a Chinese Emperor JinSi and HanMuje. These two emperors, who were looking for a herb of eternal youth and Mt. BongRae, figures who had lost their positions in the real political circle. In addition, they couldn't make their dreams to get perennial youth and long life come true, which stimulated the illustrious officials of that time to recite those poems indicating there is no ideal Utopia so it's better be satisfied with the reality living up to the realistic idea of Confucianism. In this sense, those two emperors are negative. There are also women Taoist Hermits present in SiJo, including MaGo nymphs, SeoWangMo, MuSanShinNyo, and Hang-A. MaGo nymphs were grandmothers who superintend the longevity, often incited as a beautiful woman; SeoWangMo was a Toast Hermit who had an elixir of life; MuSanShinNyo is a beautiful woman who was representing the attachment of cloud friendship; and Hang-A is expressed as a goddess who betrayed her husband and as a result staying lonely in the moon palace. These women goddesses were characterized by their beautiful appearances, generous and delicate personalities. widely incited in romantic poems.