• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.65-80
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• 2012

Mobile IP is a simple and scalable global mobility solution. However, it may cause excessive signaling traffic and long signaling delay. So MN (Mobile Node) to the home network in order to reduce the number of location update signaling is necessary to reduce the delay. In this paper, the signaling overhead to be distributed evenly on the boundary of the regional network, each MN's dynamic mobility and traffic load is adjusted according to the PMIPv6 (Proxy Mobile IPv6) networks in the proposed dynamic regional mobility management scheme (dMMS). Each user in a distributed network system that offers the least amount of signaling traffic is tailored to the optimized system configuration. Signaling cost function in order to propose a new discrete analytical model is proposed, MN's mobility and packet arrival patterns. Location update and packet delivery costs to calculate the total average, the optimized area to determine the size of the network is proposed. The results of mathematical analysis, the proposed technique dMMS in terms of reducing the cost of the entire signaling were found to be excellent performance.

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society Conference
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• 2002.08a
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• pp.90-90
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• 2002

Syndecans, transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycans, are coreceptors with integrin in cell adhesion process. It forms a ternary signaling complex with protein kinase C and phosphatidylinositol 4,5 bisphosphate (PIP2) for integrin signaling. NMR data indicates that cytoplasmic domain of syndecan-4 (4L) undergoes a conformational transition in the presence of PIP2, forming oligomeric conformation. The structure based on NMR data demonstrated that syndecan-4L itself forms a compact intertwined symmetric dimer with an unusual clamp shape for residues Leu$^{186}$ -Ala$^{195}$ . The molecular surface of the syndecan-4L dimer is highly positively charged. In addition, no inter-subunit NOEs in membrane proximal amino acid resides (Cl region) has been observed, demonstrating that the Cl region is mostly unstructured in syndecan-4L dimmer. However, the complex structure in the presence of PIP2 induced a high order multimeric conformation in solution. In addition, phosphorylation of cytoplasmic domain induces conformational change of syndecan-4, resulting inhibition of PKC signaling. The NMR structural data strongly suggest that PIP2 promotes oligomerization of syndecan-4 cytoplasmic domain for PKC activation and further induces structural reorganization of syndecan for mediating signaling network in cell adhesion procedure.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.213-224
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• 2012

The integrated core network architecture and various mobile subscriber behavior can result in a significant increase of signaling load inside the evolved packet core network proposed by 3GPP in Release 8. Consequently, an authentication signaling analysis can provide insights into reducing the authentication signaling loads and latency, satisfying the quality-of-experience. In this paper, we evaluate the signaling loads in the EPS architecture via analytical modeling based on the renewal process theory. The renewal process theory works well, irrespective of a specific random process (i.e. Poisson). This paper considers various subscribers patterns in terms of call arrival rate, mobility, subscriber's preference and operational policy. Numerical results are illustrated to show the interactions between the parameters and the performance metrics. The sensitivity of vertical handover performance and the effects of heavy-tail process are also discussed.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1988.07a
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• pp.483-486
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• 1988

Link-by-link and end-to-end signaling affect the probability of inefficient trunk seizure, the usage of backward signal features, post dialing delay, total signal information processing load, each differently. Considering the circumtances of the domestic public switched telephone network, we conclude that end-to-end signaling is better suited to the domestic network.

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society Conference
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• 2002.01a
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• pp.26-26
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• 2002

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Potoscience Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.54-54
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Potoscience Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.92-92
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• 2005

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2005

Cancer is still a major global health concern even after an everlasting strive in conquering this dread disease. Emphasis is now given to chemoprevention to reduce the risk of cancer and also to improve the quality of life among cancer afflicted individuals. Recent progress in molecular biology of cancer has identified key components of the cellular signaling network, whose functional abnormality results in undesired alterations in cellular homeostasis, creating a cellular microenvironment that favors premalignant and malignant transformation. Multiple lines of evidence suggest an elevated expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is causally linked to cancer. In response to oxidative/pro-inflammatory stimuli, turning on unusual signaling arrays mediated through diverse classes of kinases and transcription factors results in aberrant expression of COX-2. Population-based as well as laboratory studies have explored a broad spectrum of chemopreventive agents including selective COX-2 inhibitors and a wide variety of anti-inflammatory phytochemicals, which have been shown to target cellular signaling molecules as underlying mechanisms of chemoprevention. Thus, unraveling signaling pathways regulating aberrant COX-2 expression and targeted blocking of one or more components of those signal cascades may be exploited in searching chemopreventive agents in the future.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.305-321
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• 2012

Since Internet Protocol (IP) is the most important protocol in Next Generation Networks (NGNs), 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) utilizes Session Initial Protocol (SIP) based on IP as the base protocol for negotiating sessions in IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS). Different from traditional circuit-switched network, in IMS, the media traffic and signaling are delivered through IP transport. The media traffic may affect the signaling efficiency in core network, due to traffic collisions and best effort packets delivery. This paper proposes a novel path-migration mechanism for enhancing the traffic efficiency in integrated NGN-IMS. The simulation results show that the interference and traffic collision can be reduce by applying proposed path-migration mechanism and the signaling efficiency in core network can be improved with higher system capability and voice quality.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.354-357
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• 2004

According to the computerization of railway signaling systems, the interface link between the signaling systems has been replaced by the digital communication channel. At the same time, the importance of the communication link is more pronounced than in the past. In this paper, new network-based protocol for Korean railway signaling has designed between CTC and SCADA system, and the overview of designed protocol is briefly represented. Using the informal method for specifying the communication protocol, a little ambiguity may be contained in the protocol. To clear the ambiguity contained in the designed protocol, we use LTS model to design the protocol for this interface link between CTC and SCADA, the LTS is an intermediate model for encoding the operational behavior of processes. And then, we verify automatically and formally the safety and the liveness properties through the model checking method. Especially, the modal ${\mu}$-calculus, which is a highly expressive method of temporal logic that has been applied to the model checking method. It will be expected to increase the safety, reliability and efficiency of maintenance of the signaling systems by using the designed protocol for railway signaling in Korea.