• Proceedings of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.281-288
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• 1999

This paper studied the efficiency of retrofitting of reinforced concrete structure which was not designed to endure an earthquake. The earthquake in Kobe Japan showed that there was a great possibility of having an earthquake even in big city and the damages were concentrated on mid or low story buildings which were not considered to be protected from an earthquake, . This experiment used reinforced concrete structure which restrained side-by-side displacement to test durability against an earthquake. This study deals with the structural performance of reinforced concrete frame structures strengthened with steel materials.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Mechanical Technology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 2011

The neck injury occupies the most of injury that happened by the rear impact car accident. This study was analyzed about influence of the neck injury in low speed rear impact and car crash accident investigation. There is no neck injury in low speed side rear impact. On the other hand, there is initial neck injury symptom of 10 % but no long-term neck injury symptom in low speed offset rear impact. It appeared that the possibility of neck injury in low speed rear impact is low. For the more study about the neck injury, it should be evaluate the effects of the car body structure, frame structure and rear crash pattern.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.178-183
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• 1998

Carbon-13 CP-MAS NMR techniques were used to investigate dynamics of new combined type liquid crystalline polymers, poly[oxy-1,4-phenyleneoxy-2-{6-(4-(4-butylphenylazo)phenoxy)hexyloxy}terephthaloyl] and poly[oxy-1,4-phenyleneoxy-2-{10-(4-(4-butylphenylazo)phenoxy)decyloxy}terephthaloyl]. Noticeable mobility change of either aromatic groups or methylene groups is not detected between 25 ℃ and 82 ℃ from 13C spinlattice relaxation time in the rotating frame (T1ρ(C)) and contact time array experiments. However, line shape analysis shows the increase of mobility of methylene carbons in poly[oxy-1,4-phenyleneoxy-2-{6-(4-(4-butylphenylazo)phenoxy)hexyloxy}terephthaloyl] at higher temperature. The dynamics of side chanis does not seem to be affected in our experimental temperature range by the length of aliphatic chain which is connecting the side chain group to the main chain.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.682-692
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• 2018

In this paper, we propose an ARQ packet error control scheme using multiple threads in delivering massive capacity of multimedia based on MMT(MPEG Media Transport) protocol. On the sending side, each frame that constitutes an image is packetized into MMT packets based on MMT protocol. The header of the packet stores the sequence number of the frames contained in the packet and the time of presentation information. The payload of the packet stores the direct information that comprises the frame. The generated MMT packet is transmitted to the IP network. The receiving side checks if any error has occurred in the received packet. For any identified error, it controls the error through ARQ error control scheme and reconfigure the frame according to the information stored in the header of the received packet. At this point, a multi-threading based transport design is constructed so that each thread takes over a single frame, which increases the transmission efficiency of massive capacity multimedia. The efficiency of the multi-threading transport method is verified by solving the problems that might arise when using a single-thread approach if packets with errors are retransmitted.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.39-48
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to analyze air temperature decreasing effects by shading and ventilation at micro-scale experiment plots, especially focused on the Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) in outdoor spaces. To monitor the time-serial changes of Dry-bulb Temperature (DT), Globe Temperature (GT) and Relative Humidity (RH) in the wind blocking and shading conditions, Two hexahedral steel frames were established on the open grass field, the dimension of each frame was 1.5m(W)${\times}$1.5m(L)${\times}$1.5m(H). Four vertical side of one frame was covered by transparent polyethylene film to prevent wind passing through (Wind break plot; WP). The top side of the other frame was covered with shading curtain which intercept 95% of solar light and energy (Shading plot; SP). And, Another vertical steel frame without any treatment preventing ventilation and sunlight was set up, which represents natural conditions (Control plot; CP). The major findings were as follows; 1. The average globe temperature (GT) was highest at WP showing $50.94^{\circ}C$ and lowest at SP showing $34.58^{\circ}C$. The GT of natural condition (SP) was $42.31^{\circ}C$ locating the midst between WP and SP. The difference of GT of each plot was about $8-16^{\circ}C$, which means the ventilation and shading has significant effect on decreasing the temperature. 2. WP showed the highest average dry-bulb temperature (DT) of $38.41^{\circ}C$ which apparently differ from SP and CP showing $31.94^{\circ}C$ and $33.15^{\circ}C$ respectively. The DT of SP and CP were nearly the same. 3. The average relative humidity (RH) was lowest at WP showing 15.21%, but SP and CP had similar RH 28.79%, 28.02% respectively. 4. The average of calculated WBGT were the highest at the WP ($27.61^{\circ}C$) and the lowest at the SP ($23.64^{\circ}C$). The CP ($25.49^{\circ}C$) was in the middle of the others. As summery, compared with natural condition (CP), the wind blocking increased about $2.11^{\circ}C$ WBGT, but the shading decreased about $1.84^{\circ}C$ WBGT. So It can be apparently said that the open space with much shading trees, sheltering furnitures and well-delivered wind corridor can reduce useless and even harmful energy for human outdoor activity considerably in outdoor spaces.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.366-385
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• 2013

In this paper, we propose a compressed sensing (CS) based Wyner-Ziv (WZ) codec using motion-aligned auto regressive model (MAAR) based side information (SI) extrapolation to improve the compression performance of low-delay distributed video coding (DVC). In the CS based WZ codec, the WZ frame is divided into small blocks and CS measurements of each block are acquired at the encoder, and a specific CS reconstruction algorithm is proposed to correct errors in the SI using CS measurements at the decoder. In order to generate high quality SI, a MAAR model is introduced to improve the inaccurate motion field in auto regressive (AR) model, and the Tikhonov regularization on MAAR coefficients and overlapped block based interpolation are performed to reduce block effects and errors from over-fitting. Simulation experiments show that our proposed CS based WZ codec associated with MAAR based SI generation achieves better results compared to other SI extrapolation methods.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.181-187
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• 2012

Various computer-based simulation tools such as 3D-CAD and CAE systems are widely used to design automotive body structure at the early phase of design. Designers must search the optimal solution that satisfies a number of performance requirements by using their tools and a trial-and-error approach. In the previous three reports, a set-based design approach has been proposed for achieving design flexibility and robustness while capturing designer's preference, and its effectiveness has been illustrated with a simple side-door impact beam design problem and real vehicle side-door structure design. This report presents the development of integrated 3D-CAD and CAE system, and the applicability of our proposal for obtaining the multi-objective satisfactory design solutions by applying to an automotive front-side frame.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.795-805
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to clearly understand the Korean consumer's socially responsible consumption attitude and disposition behavior through revealing by use Fishbein's Multi-Attributes Model as a conceptual frame, the relationship between the socially responsible clothing consumption attitude factors and disposition behavior pattern, and relations of demographic variables. Data were collected from the adult females residing in Seoul. Judgment Sampling were. performed twice during March of 1996 and total 549 sets of answers were used for final analysis. The result are following. First, by looking at the relationship between intrinsic side of socially responsible consumption attitude and disposition behavior, the attitude shows more economical disposition when consumers are in considerate about preservation of natural resources and clothing consumption and when consumers favor purchasing a second hand product, On the other hand, consumers' behavior shows more altruistic disposition, when they favor recycling and acquisition of second hand clothing and when not favor fashion. The result of analysis of relationship between the socially responsible clothing consumption attitude and demographic variables shows that income, age and education level relates to some intrinsic side of socially responsible clothing consumption attitude. On the other side, the analysis result shows that consumers with relatively lower education normally practice economical dispotion, while consumers with higher education level do altruistic disposition. Also, elder and married consumers tend to do more altruistic disposition.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2000.11c
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• pp.551-559
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• 2000

An integrated on-line inspection system was constructed with seven cameras, half mirrors to split images, 720 nm and 970 nm band pass filters, illumination chamber having several tungsten-halogen lamps, one main computer, one color frame grabber, two 4-channel multiplexors, and flat plate conveyer, etc., so that a total of seven images, that is, one color image from the top side of an apple and two B/W images from each side (top, right and left) could be captured and displayed on a computer monitor through the multiplexor. One of the two B/W images captured from each side is 720nm filter image and the other is 970nm. With this system an on-line grading software was developed to evaluate appearance quality. On-line test results to the Fuji apples that were manually fed on the conveyer showed that grading accuracies of the color, defective and shape were 95.3%, 86% and 91%, respectively. Grading time was 0.35 sec per apple on an average. Therefore, this on-line grading system could be used for inspection of the final products produced from an apple sorting system.

• Explosives and Blasting
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.83-89
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• 2005

It follows in deterioration of the steel frame structure and becomes remodeling and removal. The construction work characteristic, economical efficiency and stability environment characteristic are planned and considered hereafter control plan of the steel frame structure which is deteriorated currently to cutting mettled plentifully sued on gas cutting of H beam. However it will not be able to apply from the explosives demolition which is makes a weak instantaneously and then collapses the building at the time. In this study, shape charge was used for cutting of the H-beam. That is the element testing to estimate explosives demolition for steel frame structure. As a result, it is found for single-side rutting method, both-sides rutting methods by H-beam thickness and pre-rutting process. It confirmed an affix method and an ease characteristic by fixing tool. Also, it is shown that air blasting decreased about 8dB(A) in order to reduce air blasting used by sand box. However, it will be required to reduce air blasting little more because explosives demolition will be done in urban site.