• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.101-117
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• 1973

Socio-medical survey was carried out on six hundred and thirty Korean households in the cities of Tokyo, Osaka, Kyoto, and Nagoya in Japan from Nov. 1972 to Dec. 1972, and following results were obtained. 1. Age distribution of households showed the highest occurence in the group of 40 to 49 years of age in the both sexes. Families with five members showed highest occurence, and the average number of familial members was 5.7 persons per one household. 2. More than half of the householders were some independent enterprisers rather than to be the employees and most of the household had one familial member engaged in more or less liberal profession. 3. 19.4% of households moved into these cities from 1941 to 1945. 4. 40.5% of all the households had their own houses. The possession rate of one's own house was higher in the households which had long period of residence in Japan. 5. 83.5% of all households had various medical insurances. And the 6.2% of the household which had no insurance stated that the reason for not being affiliated was 'because to be the foreigner'. Household of shorter dwelling period had less tendency to be affiliated to the various insurances. 6. In 41.3% of all the households, average medical expenditure amounted to 1000-5000 Yen per month. And only 25.6% of household stated that they do not worry about the medical expenditure for the futures. 7. 66.3% of households were consulting to medical doctors for their sickness, such as toothache, severe coughing, profuse sputum, children's fever and stomach pain etc. 8. 59.4% of households were using the facilities of health center services. The health center service was used mainly for individual health service rather than the environmental aspect. And 19.8% of households were not aware of health center activities. 9. It was found that 23.5% of households received the screening test of the tuberculosis and adult diseases. Especially, the rate of screening test of the adult diseases showed as following ; stomach cancer, 8.9% ; hypertension, 7.9% ; diabetes mellitus, 2.1% ; and uterus cancer, 1.6%. 10. Birth control was carried out in 17.3% of households but not in 52.5%. The chief reason of birth control was 'because of poor maternal health' (40.0%) or 'should not be done' (5.4%). 11. Most of them are obtaining the knowledges and informations on family plannings. public nuisance problems and nutritions etc. by means of the mass communications, while those no preventing diseases and the environmental hygiene through the administrative organizations.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.133-160
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• 1973

1. Introduction Community medicine with the concept of comprehensive medical care and an ideal medical care delivery system not only for an individual or family but for the whole community has emerged. In April 1970, the Presbyterian Medical Center started a hospital based community health service project in order to improve the health of the people in rural areas. Prior to commencing a comprehensive medical care system, a family survey was needed. The major objective of this survey was to obtain information concerning the people and their environment so as to be able to plan and implement a comprehensive medical care program in Soyang-Myun. 2. Survey Method An interview using a family record form was carried out for each household. This family record form was designed to get information about demography, family planning, environmental sanitation and vital statistics. Prior to beginning, the members of the survey team were trained in interviewing techniques for three days. The team consisted of a public health nurse, four nurse-aides, a sanitarian and four health extension workers who are working in our project, The survey was carried out during the period November 1971 to March 1972. 3. Project area 1) Population of Soyang-Myun was 11,668; male, 5,962 and female, 5,706. Sex ratio: 104.5. 2) Households : 1,858 3) Family size: The average household consisted of 6.3 persons. 4) Educational level of householder a. Illiterate 13% b. No schooling but able to read 10% c. Preschool children 19% d. Primary school 47% e. Middle school 7% f. High school 3% g. College or University 1% 5) Occupational distribution of householders a. Farmer 67% b. Laborer 13% c. Office worker 4% d. Merchant 4% e. Industrial worker 2% f. Unemployed 8% g. Miscellaneous 2% 6) Religious affiliation a. No religion 74% b. Buddhist 12% c. Protestant 10% d. Catholic 4% 4. Survey results Living Environment : a. Home ownership 95% b. Kinds of roofing Straw-thatched house 84% Tile-roofed house 10% Slate-roofed house 5% Other 1% c. Floor space Less than 6 pyong 10% 6-10 pyong 53% 11-15 pyong 24% 16-20 pyong 9% More than 20 pyong 4% d. Radio ownership 80% Environmental Sanitation : a. the source of drinking water public well 49% private well 30% drainage water 9% steam water 8% well pump 3% water distribution system 1% b. Distance between well and toilet more than 16meters 38% 6-10 meter 31% 11-15 meters 14% Less than 6 meters 17% c. The status of well management Bad 72% Fair 26% Good 2% d. General sanitary state of house Bad 37% Fair 51% Good 12% e. House drainage system had no house drainage. 77% Family Planning : a. 24% of the people have used contraceptives, but 12% ceased to use them. 76% have never used contraceptives. b. used methods 1oop 68% oral pill 16% vasectomy 4% condom 1% tubal ligation 1% two or more methods 10% Maternal Health : a. The number of conceptions of housewives under 50 years of age. 11 times 26% 6 times 11% 5 times 11% 4 times 9% b. The place of delivery own house 88% hospital 1% others 11% Treatment of general sickness : a. The place of treatment Soyang Health Center 31% Hospital (private or otherwise) 26% Pharmacy 14% Herb medicine 5% Private care 5% No treatment 12% Miscellaneous 7% b. Usual causes of diseases Unknown 46% Tuberculosis 29% Neuralgia 8% CVA 3% Bronchitis 3% Others 11%

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.139-146
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• 2017

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Chewing difficulty is a factor contributing to a poor nutritional status in the elderly. The aim of this study was to examine disparities in food and nutrition intakes among Korean elderly people with and without chewing difficulty. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This study utilized data from the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 2013. The study subjects included males and females over 65 years of age who were not required to adhere to a special diet due to disease or sickness. They were divided into groups according to their chewing ability. Those who found chewing "very difficult" or "difficult", were combined to form the chewing difficulty group. Similarly, those who found chewing "moderately difficult", "easy", and "very easy" were combined to form the normal chewing group. RESULTS: Of the 999 subjects, 47.7% had chewing difficulties and the prevalence of chewing difficulty was higher in females than in males (P = 0.03) and higher in those 75 years of age and over than in younger individuals (P < 0.001). The chewing difficulty group had a significantly lower intake of fruits and vegetables (P < 0.05) and lower vitamin C and potassium intake than those in the normal group. Comparison of the percentages of Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs) in the two groups indicated that the intake of most nutrients (energy, vitamin C, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, and iron) were significantly lower in the chewing difficulty group than in the normal group. In particular, calcium intake was inadequate (51% of KDRIs) in the chewing difficulty group. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that chewing difficulty is closely related to food and nutrient intake in the elderly and can result in vitamin and mineral intake deficiencies. It is evident that the care of elderly subjects with chewing difficulty is essential for maintaining a healthy lifestyle.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.48-54
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• 2017

University dormitories play an important role in both the campus experience and academic achievement, as well as providing the students with their basic necessities. Further, there is a high demand to increase the capacity in order to raise the retention rate and to invite more foreign students. Students' social interaction and sense of community (SOC) also play an important role in reducing the stress associated with studying and home sickness and, consequently,the campus is a place that provides positive opportunities for their personal growth and adaptation into their peer group social culture. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the physical environment of the dormitory facilities on the students' sense of community and social interaction in across-cultural background.The ${\chi}^2$ analysis indicated that individual characteristics exist regarding SOC, however, there were no statistically significant differences between the two cultural groups. The factors of SOC and physical environment were higher in the Korean student group than in the U.S. group. The regression analysis indicated that the U.S. students considered a physically comfortable environment as the primary issue for social interaction, while the Korean group placed more emphasis on a family-oriented home environment. The linear analysis confirmed that satisfaction with the physical environment influenced the social interaction and SOC level. Finally, this study suggests that creating a homely environment is more important than the functioning of the institution in university dormitory planning.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.104-111
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• 2011

Objectives: The paper of 2001, China Medicine junguiyak stomach sickness9) proposed by the stomach is associated with digestive function, using dialectical gisulpyo PMS group to assess the patient's stomach function was to evaluate the diagnostic features. Methods: October 1, 2010 to November 15, 2010 women of childbearing age against a total of 25 people have responded to the survey was a random survey, 23 patients except two who were against the PMS 10 and 13 who were classified non-PMS group. Results: 1. Age group and non-PMS PMS theses, menstrual period is there was no statistically significant difference between the history of both the pill and had no information available on careers. 2. When comparing the total score PMS score was higher than in non-PMS group. This is a non-PMS PMS patients than in patients stomach functions normally fall. 3. Digestive function of the type of group, less PMS GanGi-woolche, Ganwool-Bihu, Bihu-Damsub, Hanyul-Chakchab significant difference in the items were found. 4. Digestive function of the type of group, less PMS GanGi-woolche the most significant was the type of apologetics. Conclusions: GanGi-woolche type was the most significant mental stress and autonomic tone of the PMS group, the higher the patient was likely to be included. Previously associated with HRV in the GanGi-woolche in a study evaluating the autonomic nervous system can be said to have relevance.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.396-407
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• 1999

Although tinnitus is a common disease, it's reason, pathogenesis and treatment are not examined clearly. As tinnitus is a subjective complaint, it is not easy to evaluate objectively and to compare with another. In this study, we intend to estimate the effect of a variety of oriental medical treatments to tinnitus. We inquired about 30cases of tinnitus patients visited the Kwang-ju Oriental Medical Hospital of Wonkwang University from Apr. 1998 to Sep. 1998. We examined the 30cases in the view of sex, age, occupation, duration, etiologic factors, past history, associating symptoms, quality of tinnitus, and recovery rate after treatments. The results were as follows: 1. In distribution of sex, the ratio of male was $63.3\%$(19cases)and\;female\;was\;36.6\%$(11cases). 2. In distribution of age, the ratio of the 2th decade was $6.6\%(2cases),\;the\;3th\;decade\;was\;20.0\%(6cases),\;the\;4th\;decade\;was\;16.6\%(5cases),\;the\;5th\;decade\;was\;23.3\%(7cases),\;the\;6th\;decade\;was\;30.0\%\;(9cases),and\;the\;7th\;decade\;was\;3.3\%(1case)$. 3. In distribution of occupation, the ratio of employee was $23.3\%$(7cases), house-keeper was $63.3\%(11cases),\;farmer\;was\;16.6\%(5cases),\;teacher\;was\;13.3\%$ (4cases), and student, merchant, soldier was each $3.3\%$(1case). 4. In distribution of duration, the ratio of under 1month was $6.6\%$ (2cases), 1 month -6 months was $20.0\%$(6cases), 6 months- 12months was $30.0\%$(9cases), 12months-36months was $23.3\%$(7cases), and over 36months was $20.0\%$(6cases). 5. In etiologic factor of tinnitus, the ratio of unknown reason was $40.0\%$ (12cases), overwork was $16.6\%$(5cases), emotional stress was $10.0\%$(3cases), noise was $6.6\%$(2cases), cases of laying overwork upon stress was $13.3\%$(4cases), head trauma was $3.3\%$(1case), gun report was $3.3\%$ (1case), and after sickness was $6.6\%$(2cases). 6. 9 cases had experienced such a disease as meniere's disease, tympanitis, labyrinthitis, trauma of tympanum, hypertension, etc. 7. Commonly associated symptoms were dizziness, deafness, uneasiness, headache, ear fullness, fatigue, insomnia, nausea, vomiting, and forgetfulness. 8. Most frequent quality of tinnitus were buzzing, whistling, humming etc. 9. In $76.6\%$(23cases) of tinnitus patients, it was improved, but in $23.3%$(7cases) of them, not improved. Total recovery rate was $42.2\%$.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.5-21
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the employment policy for persons with disabilities on their employment rates. The subjects were 10 OECD counties of which policies are based on quotas or the prohibition of discrimination. The time-series data for the analysis were collected for 12 years from 2000 to 2011. A Panel-Corrected Standard Error(PCSE) analysis was conducted for the time-series cross-sectional data of this study. As a result, unemployment rates, proportions of persons with disabilities, and public expenditures on disability and sickness benefits(in % GDP) were statistically significant among control variables, while the coverages of discrimination prohibition and the types of delivery systems of vocational rehabilitation for persons with disabilities among the employment policy variables. The wider the coverages of discrimination prohibition are, the higher the employment rates of the disabled are. In addition, the employment rates of the disabled are higher in countries with specialized delivery systems for vocational rehabilitation than in countries with general delivery systems for vocational rehabilitation.

• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.5-14
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• 2018

The Empathy for Dementia using Virtual Reality (EDuVR) system, developed by the Jeju Provincial Dementia Center, is a 3D video system capturing the experience of dementia in a first-person perspective using 360 degree vritual reality (VR) technology. It was developed to create a greater understanding of dementia and to help people empathize with individuals with dementia through an immersive VR experience. The EDuVR shows how a dementia patient has impairments in memory, orientation, language, judgment and problem solving, as well as problems with activities of daily living. The present study reported the effectiveness of the EDuVR experience in changing public awareness of, and attitude toward, dementia. Sixty-six participants were assigned to the EDuVR (n = 34) or the conventional education (n = 32) groups, and two types of questionnaires - attitude and awareness questionnaires - were administered to the subjects before and after the EDuVR experience or education. The simulator sickness and presence questionnaires were administered to the EDuVR group to assess cybersickness and presence of the VR experience. As a results, the attitude and awareness toward dementia patients changed positively in both the EDuVR and the conventional education groups, and these changes did not differ between two groups. Only one person reported a significant level of cybersicness after experiencing the EDuVR system. These results suggest that the EDuVR enhances the level of understanding and empathy for dementia and would be a useful tool for improving awareness in the general public.

• Journal of the Health Care and Life Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.155-163
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine the current status of the Injury based on the 7th National Data on the National Health and Nutrition Survey, identify the relationship between general characteristics, safety awareness, health status, injury, and identify the factors that affect the occurrence of injury. The subjects were selected for the final analysis of 1,608data. For the analysis, frequency analysis, cross analysis, and multiple logistic regression analysis were performed. the results of the study show that in the young-old elderly, gender(woman), marital status(separated of divorced), lower the awareness of safety, body discomfort, sickness, and in-outpatient, Annual unmet medical service experienced are higher the occurrence of injury. Therefore, as a prevention education that lowers the incidence of injury. selective education is required for the Young-old and Old-old elderly, and legal penalties for drunk driving on various means of transportation and an integrated approach to strengthening and education is required.

• The Journal of Bigdata
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.49-59
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• 2023

There are various items in the safety and health standards of the manufacturing industry, but they can be divided into work-related diseases and musculoskeletal diseases according to the standards for sickness and accident victims. Musculoskeletal diseases occur frequently in manufacturing and can lead to a decrease in labor productivity and a weakening of competitiveness in manufacturing. In this paper, to detect the musculoskeletal harmful factors of manufacturing workers, we defined the musculoskeletal load work factor analysis, harmful load working postures, and key points matching, and constructed data for Artificial Intelligence(AI) learning. To check the effectiveness of the suggested dataset, AI algorithms such as YOLO, Lite-HRNet, and EfficientNet were used to train and verify. Our experimental results the human detection accuracy is 99%, the key points matching accuracy of the detected person is @AP0.5 88%, and the accuracy of working postures evaluation by integrating the inferred matching positions is LEGS 72.2%, NECT 85.7%, TRUNK 81.9%, UPPERARM 79.8%, and LOWERARM 92.7%, and considered the necessity for research that can prevent deep learning-based musculoskeletal diseases.