• Title/Summary/Keyword: Shoulder-joint patients

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Dynamic three-dimensional shoulder kinematics in patients with massive rotator cuff tears: a comparison of patients with and without subscapularis tears

  • Yuji Yamada;Yoshihiro Kai;Noriyuki Kida;Hitoshi Koda;Minoru Takeshima;Kenji Hoshi;Kazuyoshi Gamada;Toru Morihara
    • Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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    • v.25 no.4
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    • pp.265-273
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    • 2022
  • Background: Massive rotator cuff tears (MRCTs) with subscapularis (SSC) tears cause severe shoulder dysfunction. In the present study, the influence of SSC tears on three-dimensional (3D) shoulder kinematics during scapular plane abduction in patients with MRCTs was examined. Methods: This study included 15 patients who were divided into two groups: supraspinatus (SSP) and infraspinatus (ISP) tears with SSC tear (torn SSC group: 10 shoulders) or without SSC tear (intact SSC group: 5 shoulders). Single-plane fluoroscopic images during scapular plane elevation and computed tomography (CT)-derived 3D bone models were matched to the fluoroscopic images using two-dimensional (2D)/3D registration techniques. Changes in 3D kinematic results were compared. Results: The humeral head center at the beginning of arm elevation was significantly higher in the torn SSC group than in the intact SSC group (1.8±3.4 mm vs. -1.1±1.6 mm, p<0.05). In the torn SSC group, the center of the humeral head migrated superiorly, then significantly downward at 60° arm elevation (p<0.05). In the intact SSC group, significant difference was not observed in the superior-inferior translation of the humeral head between the elevation angles. Conclusions: In cases of MRCTs with a torn SSC, the center of the humeral head showed a superior translation at the initial phase of scapular plane abduction followed by inferior translation. These findings indicate the SSC muscle plays an important role in determining the dynamic stability of the glenohumeral joint in a superior-inferior direction in patients with MRCTs.

The Effects of Video Exercise Education on Range of Motion, Pain and Quality of Life for Shoulder-joint Patients (동영상 운동교육이 견관절 환자의 관절가동범위, 통증 및 삶의 질에 미치는 효과)

  • Lim, Semi;Yeom, Young-Ran;Lee, Jeong-Hwa
    • Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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    • v.10 no.9
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    • pp.43-52
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    • 2020
  • The purpose of this study is to develop video exercise education for patients with shoulder-joint and evaluate the effects on range of motion, pain and quality of life. This study was conducted in 30 experimental groups and 26 control groups among shoulder-joint patients who were admitted to orthopedic outpatient clinics at university hospitals in G city from January to June 2020. For data analysis, SPSS was used to analyze the general characteristics of the two groups and the pre-homogeneity test for the dependent variables by 𝑥2-test and t-test. As a result of the study, the subject's pre-post score change was found to have a significant difference in the degree of internal rotation of the range of motion and pain score, but there was no significant difference in the flexion, abduction degree of the range of motion and quality of life. In this study, clinical application of video education can be suggested as a way to improve nursing practice as it saves time spent on patient education of nurses not only in outpatients but also in wards.

Quantitative T2 Mapping of Articular Cartilage of the Glenohumeral Joint at 3.0T in Rotator Cuff Disease Patients: the Evaluation of Degenerative Change of Cartilage

  • Lee, Kyung Ryeol;Ko, Su Yeon;Choi, Guk Myung
    • Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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    • v.23 no.3
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    • pp.228-240
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    • 2019
  • Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the T2 value of the articular cartilage of the glenohumeral joint in rotator cuff disease displayed on 3.0T MRI and to apply it in clinical practice. Materials and Methods: This study involved sixty-two patients who underwent shoulder MRI containing T2 mapping. The mean T2 value was measured by placing a free hand ROI over the glenoid or humeral cartilage from the bone-cartilage interface to the articular surface on three consecutive, oblique coronal images. The drawn ROI was subsequently divided into superior and inferior segments. The assessed mean T2 values of the articular cartilage of the glenohumeral joint were compared and evaluated based on the degree of rotator cuff tear, the degree of fatty atrophy of the rotator cuff, and the acromiohumeral distance. Results: ICC values between two readers indicated moderate or good reproducibility. The mean T2 value for the articular cartilage of the glenoid and humeral head cartilage failed to show any significant difference based on the degree of rotator cuff tear. However, the mean T2 values of articular cartilage, based on fatty atrophy, tended to be higher in fatty atrophy 3 or fatty atrophy 4 groups while some subregions displayed significantly higher mean T2 values. There was no correlation between the acromiohumeral distance and the mean T2 values of the articular cartilage of the glenoid and humeral head. Conclusion: T2 mapping of the glenohumeral joint failed to show any significant difference in quantitative analysis of the degenerative change of the articular cartilage based on the degree of rotator cuff tear. However, it also offers quantitative information on the degenerative change of cartilage of the glenohumeral joint in patients with rotator cuff tear and severe fatty atrophy of the rotator cuff.

A Case of the Shoulder-Hand Syndrome Caused by a Crush Injury of the Shoulder (견관절부 외상후 발생된 Shoulder-Hand Syndrome)

  • Jeon, Jae-Soo;Lee, Sung-Keun;Song, Hoo-Bin;Kim, Sun-Jong;Park, Wook;Kim, Sung-Yell
    • The Korean Journal of Pain
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.155-166
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    • 1989
  • Bonica defined, that reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) may develop pain, vasomotor abnoramalities, delayed functional recovery, and dystrophic changes on an affected area without major neurologic injury following trauma, surgery or one of several diseased states. This 45 year old male patient had been crushed on his left shoulder by a heavily laden rear car, during his job street cleaning about 10 years ago (1978). At first the pain was localizea only to the site of injury, but with time, it spreaded from the shoulder to the elbow and hand, with swelling. X-ray studies in the local clinic, showed no bone abnormalities of the affected site. During about 10 years following the injury, the had recieved several types of treatments such as nonsteroidal analgesics, steroid injections into the glenoidal cavity (10 times), physical therapy, some oriental herb medicines, and acupuncture over a period of 1~3 months annually. His shoulder pain and it's joint dysfunction persisted with recurrent paroxysmal aggrevation because of being mismanaged or neglected for a sufficiently long period these fore permiting progression of the sympathetic imbalance. On July 14 1988 when he visited our clinic. He complained of burning, aching and had a hyperpathic response or hyperesthesia in touch from the shoulder girdle to the elbow and the hand. Also the skin of the affected area was pale, cold, and there was much sweating of the axilla and palm, but no edema. The shoulder girdle was unable to move due to joint pain with marked weakness. We confirmed skin temperatures $5^{\circ}C$ lower than those of the unaffected axilla, elbow and palm of his hand, and his nails were slightly ridged with lateral arching and some were brittle. On X-ray findings of both the shoulder AP & lateral view, the left humerus and joint area showed diffuse post-traumatic osteoporosis and fibrous ankylozing with an osteoarthritis-like appearance. For evaluating the RSD and it's relief of pain, the left cervical sympathetic ganglion was blocked by injecting 0.5% bupivacaine 5 ml with normal saline 5 ml (=SGB). After 15 minutes following the SGB, the clinical efficacy of the block by the patients subjective score of pain intensity (=PSSPI), showed a 50% reduction of his shoulder and arm pain, which was burning in quality, and a hyperpathic response against palpation by the examiner. The skin temperatures of the axilla and palm rose to $4{\sim}5^{\circ}C$ more than those before the SGB. He felt that his left face and upper extremity became warmer than before the SGB, and that he had reduced sweating on his axilla and his palm. Horner's sign was also observed on his face and eyes. But his deep shoulder joint pain was not improved. For the control of the remaining shoulder joint pain, after 45 minutes following the SGB, a somatic sensory block was performed by injecting 0.5% bupivacaine 6 ml mixed with salmon calcitonin, $Tridol^{(R)}$, $Polydyn^{(R)}$ and triamcinolone into the fossa of the acromioclavicular joint region. The clinical effect of the somatic block showed an 80% releif of the deep joint pain by the PSSPI of the joint motion. Both blocks, as the above mentioned, were repeated a total of 28 times respectively, during 6 months, except the steroid was used just 3 times from the start. For maintaining the relieved pain level whilst using both blocks, we prescribed a low dose of clonazepam, prazocin, $Etravil^{(R)}$, codeine, etodolac micronized and antacids over 6 months. The result of the treatments were as follows; 1) The burning, aching and hyperpathic condition which accompanied with vaosmotor and pseudomotor dysfunction, disappeared gradually to almost nothing, within 3 weeks from the starting of the blocks every other day. 2) The joint disability of the affected area was improved little by little within 6 months. 3) The post-traumatic osteoporosis, fibrous ankylosis and marginal sclerosis with a narrowed joint, showed not much improvement on the X-ray findings (on April 25, 1989) 10 months later in the follow-up. 4) Now he has returned to his job as a street cleaner.

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Effect of Functional Recovery for the Functional FES upon Chronic Stroke Patients with Shoulder Subluxation (어깨관절 아탈구가 있는 만성 뇌졸중환자에게 기능적 전기자극 치료가 기능회복에 미치는 효과)

  • Hwang, Ryong;Kim, Chan-Mun
    • Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.75-81
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    • 2009
  • Background: The purpose of this study was to confirm whether surface FES was effective in the function of chronic stroke patients' affected shoulder and whether FES influenced their functional abilities in ADL, as well. Method: the subjects were inpatients at a general hospital in Gyeonggi-Do, Korea and had been diagnosed as a sub-luxation in their affected shoulder. They were 26 and were separated to an experimental group and a control group, in equal number. Both groups had gotten an exercise treatment for 6 weeks. The control group didn't get any FES as opposed to the experimental group. Result: in the experimental group there was no statistical significant difference in the vertical space and the joint space, even though the space was reduced. In the control group, there was no statistical significant difference, either. Moreover, each space of their shoulders was increased. In the range of motion of each group, there was no statistical significant difference. In functional independent ability, there was a significant difference in an experimental group. In contrast, there was no difference in a control group. Conclusion: this result suggests that FES should be effective in the sub-luxation of the patients' affected shoulder and the range of motion of their shoulders. On the other hand, compared to the previous items, FES was quite effective in the functional improvement.

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Relationship of Posterior Decentering of the Humeral Head with Tear Size and Fatty Degeneration in Rotator Cuff Tear

  • Kim, Jung-Han;Seo, Hyeong-Won
    • Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.121-127
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    • 2019
  • Background: Posterior decentering is not an uncommon finding on rotator cuff tear patients' shoulder magnetic resonance imaging. No previous study has reported on the relationship between posterior decentering and rotator cuff tear. Methods: We assessed patients' rotator cuff tear humeral head positions based on humeral-scapular alignment (HSA). Subjects were classified into centering and decentering groups based on a <2 mm or >2 mm HSA value, respectively. Differences in rotator cuff tear size, degree of tear, and fatty degeneration between the two groups were evaluated. Results: One hundred seventy-five patients (80 males, 95 females; mean age: $59.7{\pm}6.5$ years old) were selected as subjects (casecontrol study; level of evidence: 3). Tear size, degree of subscapularis tendon tear, and fatty degeneration of the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and subscapularis muscles were significantly different between the two groups (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001). Conclusions: The occurrence of decentering was related to rotator cuff tear size, degree of subscapularis tendon tear, and fatty degeneration of the rotator cuff muscles.

Mid-term Clinical and Radiological Outcomes of Latissimus Dorsi Tendon Transfer in Massive Rotator Cuff Tears

  • Suh, Dongwhan;Ji, Jong-Hun;Tankshali, Kirtan;Kim, Eung-Sic
    • Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.220-226
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    • 2019
  • Background: This retrospective study was undertaken to evaluate mid-term clinical and radiological outcomes of lattisimus dorsi (LD) tendon transfer in patients with irreparable massive rotator cuff tears (MRCT). We hypothesize that LD tendon transfer would provide safe and satisfactory clinical outcomes at mid-term follow-up. Methods: From November 2008 to December 2016, 23 patients ($57.5{\pm}4.4years$; 20 male, 3 female) who underwent LD tendon transfer for massive tears, were enrolled. Inclusion criteria were irreparable MRCT. Exclusion criteria included full thickness subscapularis tear, rotator cuff arthropathy, anterosuperior rotator cuff tear, and osteoarthritis. Mean follow-up period was $4.7{\pm}4.0years$ (range, 2-12 years). Clinical assessment (American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons [ASES], University of California, Los Angeles [UCLA], Simple Shoulder Test [SST]) and radiographic assessment (osteoarthritis [OA], acromiohumeral distance [AHI]) were evaluated. Results: ASES, UCLA and SST scores, and range of motion (ROM), except internal rotation, improved significantly at the last followup (p<0.05). Also, AHI was significantly improved at the last follow-up, from 6.6 mm to 8.2 mm (p=0.008). At the final follow-up, the radiologic stages of the glenohumeral osteoarthritis were determined as stage 1 in 9 patients, stage 2 in 10 patients, stage 3 in 2 patients, and stage 4 in 2 patients. Complications were observed in 21.7% cases: 3 re-tears and 2 infections were noted in our study. Conclusions: LD tendon transfer for irreparable MRCT provides satisfactory clinical outcomes at mid-term follow-up. Mild degenerative osteoarthritis (stage 1, 2) of the shoulder joint are common at the mid-term follow-up. Also, complications such as tear, infection should be considered.

Comparison of Effects Between Modified Vertical Roll Sling and Bobath Roll Sling in Hemiplegic Shoulder Subluxation

  • Kim, Dong-Hyun;Kim, Tack-Hoon;Roh, Jung-Suk;Cynn, Heon-Seock;Choi, Houng-Sik;Oh, Dong-Sik
    • Physical Therapy Korea
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    • v.15 no.4
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    • pp.64-69
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    • 2008
  • The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of modified vertical roll sling and conventional Bobath roll sling in reducing hemiplegic shoulder subluxation. Radiography of $40^{\circ}$ anterior oblique radiographic view' were taken, before and immediately after wearing each sling in 13 hemiplegic patients. The vertical distance. horizontal distance. and joint distance were measured. Analysis of radiographically measured distances showed that both modified vertical roll sling and Bobath roll sling decreased vertical, horizontal. and joint distances. Reduction in vertical and joint distances were significantly greater in modified vertical roll sling compared to Bobath roll sling. while horizontal distance showed no significant difference between the two slings. Therefore it can be concluded that modified vertical roll sling is an effective orthosis in reducing hemiplegic shoulder subluxation.

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Efficacy of Low Frequency Stimulator in Patients with Frozen Shoulder (오십견 환자의 치료에 있어서 저주파자극기의 효과)

  • Lim, Yun Hee;Lee, Pyung Bok;Seo, Myung Sin;Park, Sang Hyun;Oh, Yong Seok;Park, Ji Hyun
    • The Korean Journal of Pain
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.156-160
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    • 2005
  • Background: Frozen shoulder is not an uncommon disease, which is associated with chronic pain and joint movement limitation. However, there are numerous devices to assist in the treatment of shoulder pain, but their efficacy has not been proven and their use remains immensely controversial. Therefore, a randomized clinical study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of a low-frequency stimulator for the treatment of frozen shoulder. Methods: A randomized clinical trial was carried out on 40 patients with frozen shoulder, with 40 patients assigned to two groups; a control treatment group (group C, n = 20) and a low frequency stimulator application group (group T, n = 20). Both groups were given a routine treatment modality, such as trigger point injection, intramuscular stimulation or suprascapular nerve block etc. The level of the shoulder pain was evaluated using a 100mm VAS (visual analog scale) at each visit, with the limitation in the range of motion simultaneously evaluated. Results: All the subjects improved after treatment, with the VAS scores after termination of treatment showed a statistically significant reduction (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups. One month after termination of 5 cycles of treatment, group T maintained their improved state, whereas the pain in some of those in group C reemerged, which also showed a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). The limitation in the range of motion improved, with most subjects able to resume daily activity. Conclusions: Although the low frequency stimulation provided no more pain relief than routine treatment, the effect was significantly prolonged. From this result, low frequency stimulation can be considered to aide the therapeutic effect of classical frozen shoulder therapy.

The Study of Grashey Method Viewing the Glenohumeral(shoulder) Joint (어깨관절의 접시오목을 나타내는 Grashey법에 대한 연구)

  • Lee, Jaeseob;Kim, Youngjae
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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    • v.9 no.6
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    • pp.331-335
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    • 2015
  • Consideration of Glenohumeral joint's image with the Changed Body angle of the Glenohumeral joint's Oblique Position in Erect Position. Glenohumeral joint's of Grashey method is a shoulder oblique method available to view the shoulder joint. Grashey method projects AP view of the Glenohumeral joint's so that the Humerus head's subluxation or joint degeneration can be easily visualized. However in this view, the patients, erect position, have to keep their body obliquely. Oblique position is will be needed to get the good quality Glenohumeral joint's view. Therefore, we thought of examining a method which shows the Glenohumeral joint's well by angling the patient one side upward in erect position. For this study, total 20 subject with no history of neurological or psychiatric illness, were recruited for examinations. They consisted of 13 mails and 7 femails, Statistic group analysis was performed with ANOVA test. Score of the evaluation of the expects were $30^{\circ}$ at $0.40{\pm}0.499$, $35^{\circ}$ at $1.34{\pm}0.657$, $40^{\circ}$ at $1.84{\pm}0.573$, $45^{\circ}$ at $0.76{\pm}0.649$, and they were significant(P<0.05). The degree of $40^{\circ}$ views were shown to yield good quality shoulder oblique images.