• Ocean Science Journal
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2008

Physical and biological environmental variations in the East Sea were investigated by analysing time-series of oceanographic data and meteorological indices. From 1971 to 2000, dominant periodicity in water temperature variations had two apparent periods of 3 to 4 years and of decades, especially in the southwestern part of the East Sea affected by the influence of inflowing Tsushima warm current. Fluctuating water temperature within a certain period appears to respond to El $Ni{\tilde{n}}o$ events with a time lag. It was found that there was a strong correlation between water temperature and El $Ni{\tilde{n}}o$ events with a time lag of 1.5 and 5.5 years for periods of 3 to 6 years and of decades, respectively. Corresponding with El $Ni{\tilde{n}}o$ events, water temperature variability also showed strong correlation with shift and/or changes in biological and chemical environments of nutrient concentrations, zooplankton biomass, and fisheries. However, there also occurred a short-term periodicity of water temperature variations. Within a period of 1 to 4 years, a relatively short-term cycle of water temperature variation had strong correlation with other climate indices such as Pacific Decadal Oscillation and monsoon index. After comparing coherence and phase spectrum between water temperature and different climate indices, we found that there was a shift of coherent periods to another climate index during the years when climate regime shift was reported.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.534-537
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• 2000

Recently, A manufacturing formula centered of the customer is one of the most important parts for the company competition. Especially, it is the matters of weight and importance that Make to Order(MTO) and Make to stock(MTS) is considered at the same time for designing manufacturing system based the order effectly. This paper suggests a alternative Available to promise(ATP) and capable to promise(CTP) to confirm the delivery time to customer, how to link mid-long term production plan with short term daily based scheduling, how to relate middle processes of device based industry to mid-long term plan through the example of S company in a manufacturing formula mixed MTO and MTS

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.740-745
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• 1985

A retrospective double blind study comparing 7 day with 2 day regimen of antibiotic prophylaxis was conducted among 200 patients undergoing open heart surgery. No case of endocarditis and wound infection occurred. Pneumonia developed in 5 cases of the 7 day and 1 case of the 2 day group. Urinary tract infection without clinical significance developed in 1 case of the 7 day and 3 cases of the 2 day group. Bacteremia developed in 2 cases of the 7 day and 1 case of the 2 day group. We concluded as follows: l. Administration of antibiotics for 2 days appears to be without substantial risk of infection comparing long term 7 day regimen. 2. 7 days of antibiotics may actually increase the risk of serious infection such as nosocomial pneumonia, and predispose to the development of infections with fungi or antibiotic resistant bacteria. 3. 2 days of prophylaxis is more beneficial than long term 7 day regimen for example economically.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.149-156
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• 2021

This study collected and analyzed case studies related with the use of spatial information in North Korea to prioritize construction and required supporting processes in order to propose a short-term and long-term road map for the establishment of spatial information in North Korea. Recent research cases related to the prioritization of spatial information development were analyzed, and priority for the construction of infrastructure was derived based on the interconnectedness and relationship of national infrastructure. Due to the inaccessibility and remoteness of North Korea, all of the five studies determined priorities according to questionnaires and consulting of refugees and knowledgeable figures by expert groups. In summary, priority was given to unarmed and transborder areas, major cities, special zones, and development zones, while in terms of facilities, priority was given to power communication, railroads, water and sewage architectural buildings, roads, and dams. In the case of prioritizing the establishment of national infrastructure for the unified Korean Peninsula, the development of major areas, ports, and the related city-level spots to develop a line that promotes the sharing of routes such as transportation networks, water, and energy, thus leading to a scenario involving the development of cotton at an urban and national level.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.61-81
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• 2015

Purpose Seoul Digital Industrial Complex has remarkably grown both quantitatively and qualitatively in short period of time since it started restructuring project in 1997. It's also not few that there were various challenges and difficulties in this industrial complex due to fast growth in short-term, such as the deficient amenities, noncooperation among the related organizations. Now, it's time to overcome these challenges and difficulties to establish new strategy for the sustainable growth and development of this Industrial Complex. Methodology There are some previous researches but almost none of them considered the priority order of the development strategy having reflected the needs of industrial complex in point of customer. In this regard, this study suggests the development strategy of Seoul Digital Industrial Complex by supplementing the limits of proceeding researches and using the combined SWOT/AHP analysis theory. Findings Based on the final analysis result of survey by combined SWOT/AHP method, this study suggests the priority order of 4 development strategies for Seoul Digital Industrial Complex, such as SO strategy, ST strategy, WO strategy and WT strategy.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2018

BACKGROUND: The use of green manure and compost as organic fertilizer may increase crop yield and soil fertility due to improved soil nutrient availability and soil organic matter content (SOM). This study aimed to investigate the effects of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa L.) and compost application on red pepper growth, yield, fruit quality and soil health. METHODS AND RESULTS: The treatments were no fertilizer (CON), chemical fertilizer (CF), hairy vetch (HV), and livestock compost+HV (LC+HV). Red pepper seedlings (70 days old) were transplanted and maintained in experimental plots for 140 days. Plant dry weight, micro- and macronutrient contents of plants and soil chemical properties were determined. All fertilizer treatments significantly increased plant dry weight. Fruit yield was significantly highest with HV treatment. As for nutrient content, plants in HV and LC+HV treatments have significantly higher K and Ca contents than the other treatments. Regarding soil properties, HV and LC+HV application significantly altered the soil chemical properties. Significantly higher SOM was observed in HV and LC+HV treated soils. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that short-term application of hairy vetch and compost is an effective alternative to the conventional chemical fertilizer to increase fruit yield red pepper and improve soil health.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.469-476
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• 2021

This study aims to examine and measure the impact of capital structure on the profitability of companies in emerging markets. The research sample includes eighteen rubber companies listed on the Vietnam stock exchange from 2015-2019. After collecting the research data, it was imported into excel to calculate the criteria for the research model. By using Stata 16 software, the study selected a data processing model and evaluated the relevance of the regression analysis model. The research results show that the profitability of listed rubber companies in Vietnam (measured by return on equity (ROE) has a positive relationship with the debt-to-asset ratio but has a negative relationship with the long-term debt-to-asset ratio. The results also show a positive impact of firm size and revenue growth on profitability while liquidity and the ratio of tangible fixed assets to total assets do not affect significantly. These results are consistent with most of the previously published studies. However, in contrast to many previous studies, our study shows that the long-term debt-to-assets ratio has a negative effect on profitability while the debt-to-asset ratio has a positive effect. This is entirely consistent with the characteristics of long-term debt use in emerging markets.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2006.05b
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• pp.545-548
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• 2006

This study has been carried out to examine the properties of concrete according to replacement ratio and curing method of fly ash, in order to increase utilization of it. As the result of experiments, the 7 days of early age strength presented around 20MPa, up to 20% of replacement ratio, which is almost the same strength as non-replacement. However, when the replacement ratio was 30%, the strength was decreased to 16MPa, as 20% reduction compared to the non-replacement condition. In 365 days of long term aging, the strength was 5% higher, up to 20% of the replacement ratio, due to the pozzolanic reaction of fly ash. When the replacement ratio was 30%, it presented similar strength development as the non-replacement condition. Steam curing and autoclave curing increased the short age strength, regardless of the replacement ratio of fly ash; however, they don't have an effect on increasing the 365 days of long term strength. Water curing showed high strength development after 28 days, 51.81MPa, which is around 30% higher than air curing, 38.9MPa, steam curing, 38.6MPa, and autoclave curing, 39MPa. Therefore, water curing was examined as one of the very effective curing methods for developing long term strength of concrete.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.11
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• pp.147-156
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• 2020

This study aims to analyze the effect of public spending, macroeconomic variables, and BPK opinion on economic growth. This study is motivated by the inequality of fiscal policy effectiveness between regions in Indonesia in influencing the economic growth of different regions, the ability of local governments to attract foreign investors, and the transparency of regional financial management in designing development programs to encourage regional economic growth. The analytical tool in this study is a dynamic panel regression model with data from 2008 to 2017. The results of this study show that, in the short term, the population affects regional economic growth, while in the long term, the economic growth is affected by the number of people, the poor, General Allocation Fund, health budget, foreign investment and BPK opinion. The findings of this study are that in the long term the General Allocation Fund becomes an obstacle to economic growth, this is because the general allocation funds is widely used to cover the lack of funds for routine regional activities, thereby reducing activities for development programs. Another research finding is that fiscal policies carried out by local governments make a small and ineffective contribution to promoting economic growth.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.269-275
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• 2019

This study intended to examine the relationship between inflation and unemployment rate in Indonesia during 1987 to 2018 period. The study applied a quantitative method using Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) in order to comprehensively understand the causality between inflation and unemployment rates. The data were collected from various main sources including the World Bank, Central Bank of Indonesia, and Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS). The findings showed that inflation has a one-way relationship toward unemployment in Indonesia and it occurs at the third lag. Impulse Response Function (IRF), shows that the inflation rate are fluctuating in response to the shock of unemployment. The unemployment rate responses to shocks from inflation initially increased until it is eventually diminished. It shows that the shocks caused by the impact of inflation were only in the short term. Further, inflation in the three previous lags will have consequences for the unemployment rate in the year. Lastly, both in the long run and short run, unemployment did not affect inflation rates. These findings suggest that high inflation in Indonesia is determined the rising price of basic commodities and fuel. In addition, most companies in Indonesia applying capital intensive so that employment growth in Indonesia is small.