• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.51-57
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• 2008

With the purpose to estimate the possibility of short-term storage and cryopreservation for sperm of Charonia sauliae, which is a potential preparation for its artificial reproduction and further research, in this study, protocols for short-term storage and cryopreservation of trumpet shell sperm was optimized. The effects of different immobilizing solutions, dilution ratios were estimated for short-term storage. And the effects of different cryoprotectant extenders and freezing rates were estimated for cryopreservation in terms of motility and survival of sperm. The results indicated that the artificial sea water of 350 mOsmol/kg is a better immobilizing solution and sperm which was diluted at a ratio of 1:1 (v/v) had higher motility and survival rate during short-term storage. The effect of 5% dimethyl sulfoxide was significantly better than those of other cryoprotectant extenders. And a freezing rate of $-20^{\circ}C\;min^{-1}$ showed better effect than other freezing rates. In conclusion, this study optimized some key factors of the short-term and cryopreservation of C. sauliae sperm, which can provide valuable data for germ-plasm conservation and artificial propagation of C. sauliae.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.71-83
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• 2023

Companies are increasingly performing corporate social responsibility (CSR) as part of their strategic plans, but the effect of CSR activities on short-term financial performance is disputed. Researchers have found ambiguous relationships through mediating factors, but few studies have investigated internal stakeholders in this context and the firm characteristics that moderate these relationships. This study uses a competitive mediating model that examines job satisfaction as a mediator in the relationship between CSR and short-term financial performance for Korean companies. For the analysis, data from 195 companies covering 2014 to 2017 were collected and analyzed via panel regression. The findings indicate that CSR activities had a negative effect on short-term financial performance but a positive effect on job satisfaction; however, the larger the firm, the smaller the positive effect of CSR activities. Moreover, job satisfaction positively affects short-term financial performance, and this relationship is stronger in service firms.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.1011-1017
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• 2002

The aim of this study was to investigate nutrition education effect in the long term and short term nutrition education intervention for childhood obesity. Seventy-seven obese children aged seven to twelve who visiting obesity clinic in a university hospital were given nutrition education therapy. Long-term as well as short-term education effect had been measured based on reducing level of Body Mass Index (BMI), Relative Body Weight (RBW) and lipid profile as well as dietary behavior. Identification of factors influencing the effect of nutrition education had been tested using multiple regression analysis as well as Main Whitney test. The result showed that nutrition education intervention had a significant impact on reducing the level of BMI, RBW and lipid profile during long term and short term period. Duration of clinic visit and total number of clinic visit were the most significant factors for the short term effect for obesity treatment. However, frequent clinic visit per month was not significant factor on short term effect. Therefore sustained participation for nutrition education by the obese individual seems more important factors than other factors especially for short term effect. Although, there was the tendency of reducing weight with longer duration and frequent clinic visit, and changing health behavior, none of the factors showed statistically significant effect on the long term effect for the obesity treatment. The results may imply that more complex factors involved for the long term treatment of childhood obesity than short term treatment.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.211-229
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• 2004

The basis of cyber trading has been sufficiently developed with innovative advancement of Internet Technology and the tendency of stock market investment has changed from long-term investment, which estimates the value of enterprises, to short-term investment, which focuses on getting short-term stock trading margin. Hence, this research shows a Short-term Stock Price Forecasting System on Learning Agent System using DTA(Decision Tree Algorithm) ; it collects real-time information of interest and favorite issues using Agent Technology through the Internet, and forms a decision tree, and creates a Rule-Base Database. Through this procedure the Short-term Stock Price Forecasting System provides customers with the prediction of the fluctuation of stock prices for each issue in near future and a point of sales and purchases. A Human being has the limitation of analytic ability and so through taking a look into and analyzing the fluctuation of stock prices, the Agent enables man to trace out the external factors of fluctuation of stock market on real-time. Therefore, we can check out the ups and downs of several issues at the same time and figure out the relationship and interrelation among many issues using the Agent. The SPFA (Stock Price Forecasting System) has such basic four phases as Data Collection, Data Processing, Learning, and Forecasting and Feedback.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.157-172
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• 2003

Despite the continual growth of IT outsourcing market, the outsourcing contracts are mostly short-term contracts. Because these short-term contracts need continual recontracts, the research on the factors that influence the outsourcing recontracts is needed. This research has been done to find out the factors of making the outsourcing recontracts successfully by stating the relationship between outsourcing recontract and the outsourcing performance factors. As a result of this research, customer factors and innovation factors are found to be influential factors on whether you make a recontract or not. And also the research have showed customer factors are major decision criteria on outsourcing recontracts.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.105-109
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• 2002

The short-term AC breakdown strength of laminated polypropylene insulating Paper (PPLP) has been studied for cold dielectric of high temperature superconductivity power cables. The design and operating conditions of the electrode system for studying of short-term breakdown strength of one-layer and multi-layer PPLP samples are discussed in liquid nitrogen(LN2) state. The influence of various operating factors (geometry and dimension of electrodes, speed of tested voltage, thickness of test sample) on the value of short-term AC breakdown strength at cryogenic temperature has been established.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.33-49
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• 2014

This study empirically examines the impact of firms' environmental (E), social (S), and governancial (G) factors on their short-term and long-term values. To measure firms' non-financial performance, we use ESG performance grades published by KCGS (Korea Corporate Governance Service). We employ stock log return as the proxy of each firm's short-term value, and Tobin's Q ratio as that of its long-term value. From a series of regression analyses, we find each of the ESG factors generally has a negative impact on stock return while it has a positive impact on the Tobin's Q ratio. These results imply that firms' effort for enhancing their non-financial performance may adversely affect their financial performance in a short term; but in the long-term point of view, firms' values increase through their good images engraved by their respective social, environmental and governancial efforts. In addition, we compare the relative strength of impact among E, S, G, the three non-financial factors on the firms' value measured in Tobin's Q ratio, and find that S (social factor) and G (governancial factor) give statistically significant impact on the firms' value respectively. This result tells us it would be advised to strategically embed CSV (creating shared value) pursuing both of profits and social responsibility in the firms' future agenda. While E (environmental factor) is shown to be an insignificant factor for the firms' value, it should be emphasized as a major concern by all the stakeholders in order to form a sound business ecosystem.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.69-78
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• 2000

Creep of concrete is the most dominating factor affecting time-dependent deformations of concrete structures. Especially, creep deformation for design and construction in prestressed concrete structures should be predicted accurately because of its close relation with the loss in prestree of prestressed concrete structures. Existing creep-prediction models for special applications contain several impractical factors such as the lack ok accuracy, the requirement of long-term test and the lack of versatility for change in material properties, ets., which should be improved. In order to improve those drawbacks, a methodology to modify the creep-prediction equation specified in current Korean concrete structures design standard (KCI-99), which underestimates creep of concrete and does not consider change of condition in mixture design, is proposed. In this study, short-term creep tests were carried out for early-age concrete within 28 days after loading and their test results on influencing factors in the equation are analysed. Then, the prediction equation was modified by using the early-age creep test results. The modified prediction equation was verified by comparing their results with results obtained from long-term creep test.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.9 no.10
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• pp.83-89
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• 2018

Purpose - The purpose of this study examines when the optimism impact on financial asset price forecasting and the boundary condition of optimism in the financial asset price forecasting. People generally tend to optimistically forecast their future. Optimism is a nature of human beings and optimistic forecasting observed in daily life. But is it always observed in financial asset price forecasting? In this study, two factors were focused on considering whether the optimism that people have applied to predicting future performance of financial investment products (e.g., mutual fund). First, this study examined whether the degree of optimism varied depending on the direction of the prior price trend. Second, this study examined whether the degree of optimism varied according to the forecast period by dividing the future forecasted by people into three time horizon based on forecast period. Research design, data, and methodology - 2 (prior price trend: rising-up trend vs falling-down trend) × 3 (forecast time horizon: short term vs medium term vs long term) experimental design was used. Prior price trend was used between subject and forecast time horizon was used within subject design. 169 undergraduate students participated in the experiment. χ² analysis was used. In this study, prior price trend divided into two types: rising-up trend versus falling-down trend. Forecast time horizon divided into three types: short term (after one month), medium term (after one year), and long term (after five years). Results - Optimistic price forecasting and boundary condition was found. Participants who were exposed to falling-down trend did not make optimistic predictions in the short term, but over time they tended to be more optimistic about the future in the medium term and long term. However, participants who were exposed to rising-up trend were over-optimistic in the short term, but over time, less optimistic in the medium and long term. Optimistic price forecasting was found when participants forecasted in the long term. Exposure to prior price trends (rising-up trend vs falling-down trend) was a boundary condition of optimistic price forecasting. Conclusions - The results indicated that individuals were more likely to be impacted by prior price tends in the short term time horizon, while being optimistic in the long term time horizon.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.8
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• pp.213-224
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• 2020

The study assesses the impact of trade liberalization factors on changes in customs revenues in Vietnam. Research data was conducted between 2002 and 2017 on the official website of the Government's Web Portal and The World Bank. This paper uses the vector error correction model to estimate the short-term and long term relationship between data series. The results have proven that tariff reductions have a positive effect on short-term and long-term customs revenues in Vietnam. However, the implementation of other international commitments on trade liberalization has positive short-term and long-term negative impacts on customs revenues in Vietnam. The study's results also show that exchange rate has no effect on changes in customs revenues in the short term but it has a strong impact on increasing customs revenues in the long run. Based on these findings, the article also suggests a number of policies to ensure customs revenues in Vietnam in future. In order to ensure customs revenues, the government of Vietnam should: (1) having some policy to improve the efficiency of customs management in Vietnam; (2) Building appropriate VND exchange rate policy; (3) Establishing reasonable non - tariff barriers to prevent fraud and ovations cause losses in customs revenues.