• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.161-173
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• 2005

The Main objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between shopping orientations and Knit wear Buying Behavior of female college students in the U.S. age 18 to 33. The questionnaires for this survey were developed to measure knitwear purchasing behavior, including sources of information about knitwear, evaluative criteria of knit wear product, attributes f store preference for knitwear, and shopping orientation. The questionnaire was administered to 119 female college students in the University of California. The data was analyzed by percentage, frequency, mean, factor analysis, Cluster Analysis and ANOVA, Duncan Multiple Range test. The female college students were classified into five subdivisions by cluster analysis; cautious shopping group, recreational shopping group, self-confident shopping group, shopping indifferent group, price conscious shopping group. In the case of fashion information sources of knit wear, significant differences were found according to shopping orientation subdivision in observation of others' and famous people's clothing, fashion shows, fashion articles in magazines, newspapers, and on the Internet, and shop displays. The evaluation criteria of knit wear product were significantly different depending on shopping orientation subdivision in fashionable, brand and store name, appropriate for different occasion, prestige. The store attributes of knitwear were significantly different depending on shopping orientation subdivision in product knowledge of sales personnel, store atmosphere, display of merchandise, layaway payment plan, price level, ease of parking and access, and new fashion.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.1593-1604
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• 2002

The purpose of the study were to find how the trend had an effect on a buying motivation, a selecting standard, a frequency of use, a purchase place of cosmetics, makeup and the distinctive quality of social strata of regarding a clothing shopping orientation. The subjects of investigation were the women in twenties who live in Seoul and Chonnam province. This study had been done from May to July 2001, and 660 questionnaires were used for analysis. The measuring tools used were the items of matters of preceding studies and developed ones by researchers on which questionnaires were prepared. Factor and cluster analysis and Duncan's multiple range test, ANOVA, x$^2$-test, frequency, and percentage as analysis methods were used through SPSS. The results of the study were as follows. The clothing shopping orientation divided five shopping orientations such as ostentatious style, enjoyable style, economical style, and prudent style, and an attachment style for special brands and shops. On the basis of this result, the groups 20's females were classified into low groups by the cluster analysis; economical shopping group, indifferent shopping group, conspicuous shopping group, and recreational shopping group. In the case of cosmetics purchasing motives, evaluation criteria of cosmetics, stores selection criteria were found according to shopping orientation subdivision, and there was the significant difference between the groups in frequency of use, a purchase place of cosmetics.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.43-54
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to help male-clothing companies in investigating male shopping orientation and information source with clothing benefits. As for the method of the research, 428 male consumers were the object for the data of this research. The major results of this study are as follows : 1. The dimensions of clothing benefits were composed of the better appearances, the social status, the personality and the comfort. The dimensions of shopping orientation were composed of pleasant, planned, loyal and individual shopping orientations. 2. The consumer with clothing benefits were classified three groups: better appearances, comfort and careless. In the consumer's classified shopping orientation the group of pursuing personality and better appearances were given higher score at each level, while careless group was given the lowest score at each level of shopping orientation. 3. In case of using information source with classified consumers, the group of personality and better appearances got information through the marketer-oriented information source and neutral information source, the group of pursuing comfort got lots of information through human information source, the group seldom used all information source.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.450-458
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of shopping orientation on price perception and the effect of shopping orientation and price perception on purchase satisfaction. This study administered a questionnaire survey to adults in their 20s and 30s who had once purchased fashion products in surrogate internet shopping malls. Among 327 questionnaires, 263 were collected through convenience sampling and 94 were collected from six internet communities. Data were analyzed by factor analyses and regression analyses. The results of this study are as follows. First, factor analysis of price perception revealed that two factors such as price reasonability and price reduction were extracted and the mean of price reduction was higher than one of price reasonability. Second, factor analysis of purchase satisfaction extracted four factors such as service quality, shopping convenience, product scarcity and product variety/price satisfaction. Mean comparisons showed that the mean of product scarcity was the highest among four factors. Third, regression analyses that recreational, economic, and convenience shopping orientation affected price reduction, a factor of price perception. Fourth, regression analyses showed that shopping orientations and the price perception had significant effects on the purchase satisfaction.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.384-399
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to empirically investigate consumers' clothes shopping orientation factors and perceived risk factors affecting the purchase intention for fashion products in social commerce. For this study, questionnaires were given to 500 adults in their 20s~30s who had experience of using social commerce related to general products or services. To analyze the results of this study, we conducted descriptive analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, a chi-square independence test, and hierarchical regression analysis using SPSS 18.0. The results were as follows. First, social commerce users'clothes shopping orientations were classified into the pursuit of pleasure, brand, fashion innovation, trend, and utility, and the perceived risks were classified into the risks related to products, consumer service, loss of purchase opportunity, confidence in the web site, economy, and security. Second, clothes shopping orientation factors and perceived risk factors had a somewhat significant influence on the purchase intention for fashion products. Third, there was a significant difference between sexes regarding the influences of the clothes shopping orientation factors and perceived risk factors for the purchase intention of fashion products. Finally, this study aims to provide useful information for fashion companies to enable them to establish specific strategies that can influence consumers'purchase behaviors through social commerce.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.75-88
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• 1995

The objectives of this study were to classify the contents of clothing shopping orientation, to group women into shopper types, and to examine the differences in clothing purchase criteria according to the shopper types. Samples were 335 women(20-49 years of age) in Seoul, Korea. The data were analyzed using factor analysis, cluster analysis, one-way ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test, X2 test, paired t-test, multiple regression analysis. The results of the study were the followings. 1. Five factors of clothing shopping orientation derived by factor analysis : F.1 'impulsive shopping' ; F.2 'rational shopping' ; F.3 'independent shopping' ; F.4 'economic shopping' ; F.5 'convenient shopping'. Three shopper types were classified by cluster analysis of the 5 factors : T.1 'convenient shopper' ; T.2 'impulsive shopper' ; T.3 'rational shopper'. 2. Significant differences were found among the 3 shopper types in all clothing purchase criteria. Rational shopper perceived all purchase criteria as more important than did the other 2 types. Impulsive shopper perceived 'fashion', 'attractiveness', 'style', and 'bland' as more important than did convenient shopper. 3. Married women and unemployed women were more distributed in rational shopper, while the unmarried and the employed more in impulsive shopper. Impulsive shopper used more credit care, purchased suits and blouses at department store and brand specialty store more than did rational shopper. Rational shopper purchased at discount store and wholesale store more than did impulsive shopper. 4. Women assessed 'color and fabric design' as most important in suit and blouse purchase criteria. 'Care' was perceived more important in blouses than in suits, and the other 9 purchase criteria(fashion, attractiveness, style, color and fabric design, fabric, durability, costruction, comfort, and brand) were perceived more important in suits than in blouses. 5. Rational and economic shopping orientation scores were higher in suit purchase than in blouse, while impulsive, independent, and convenient shopping orientation scores were higher in blouse purchase. 6. Post-purchase suit satisfaction was influenced by rational shopping orientation, educational level, style, income, and comfort. The explanatory power of the 5 variables was 17.2%. Post-purchase blouse satisfaction was influenced by style, care, rational shopping orientation, and independent shopping orientation. The explanatory power of the 4 variables was 10.2%.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.442-454
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was 1) to identify the effects of lifestyle activities and decision -making related variables (shopping orientations, use of information sources and importance of store attributes) on the outshopping behavior of female consumers in Seoul and satellite cities, and 2) to investigate the differences in the effects of those variables on the outshopping behavior among 4 clothing categories (formal wear, separates, casual wear, underwear). The data were collected via a questionnaires from 508 adult females of ages over 20's living in Seoul and satellite cities around Seoul and were analyzed by factor analysis and discriminant analysis. The results of this study were as follows: 1) Some of the factors of 4 decision-making related variables significantly discriminated the outshoppers and inshoppers. The most influential factors were attitude toward imported products, time-oriented and price-oriented attitude of shopping orientations. 2) There were significant differences in the effects of 4 variables on outshopping behaviors among 4 clothing categories. More factors were effective in discriminating the outshopping behavior for formal wear or separates purchase.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.71-83
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to classify career women's apparel shopper type by analyzing clothing shopping orientations and to compare the classified shopper types on store evaluative criteria, information sources, and demographic characteristics. The questionnaire was administered to 328 career women aged 20∼59 years. The data were analyzed using factor analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, MONAVA, and x² test. The results of this study were as follows: Eight factors of clothing shopping orientation derived by factor analysis. Four shopper types were classified by cluster analysis: Apathetic shopper, High shopping involved shopper, Conformable shopper, Economic shopper type. Store evaluative criteria, information sources and demographic characteristics were significantly different among four shopper types.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.33
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• pp.201-215
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to investigate the actual state and problems of outlet stores. And examine store attributes shopping orientations information sources according to demographic characteristics for outlet store patronage group. The questionnaires were administered to 400 women living in Taegu. The data were analyzed by using Frequency Percentage Factor Analysis MANOVA. The results of the study were as follows; 1) Outlet stores in Taegu area were run as the type of agency and dealt in most brands of their own companies, There were plenty of as-sortment and merchandise. The discount rate was 50-60% Stores' locations were scattered which made shopping environment incon-venient. 2) The store attributes were composed of five factors such as fashion & products diver-sity service store reputation convenience and price. Shopping orientation were com-posed of six factors such as self-confidence for shopping brand oriented store loyalty & near-store oriented economical self-assumed shopping and difficulty of choice. Information sources were composed of four factors such as print media & display personal information advertising and store visit. 3) There were significant differences be-tween patronage group and non-patronage group in store reputation service fashion & products diversity. Patronage group is more satisfied with these three factors. There were significant differences between patronage group and non-patronage group in brand oriented and economical Non-patronage group was more brand oriented and patronage group was more economical. There were significant difference between patronage group and non-patronage group in print dedia & display factos. Non-patronage group made more use of print media& display than patronage group as information sources. There were significant differences between patronage group non-patrpnage group in age marital status and levle of education.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.321-333
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• 2014

This study grouped on/offline browsing consumer types according to on/offline browsing consumer behavior and investigated the differences in shopping orientation, impulse buying, and fashion goods expenditure ratio in on/offline markets based on on/offline browsing types. Data were obtained from 379 consumers aged 10 to 40 in Daejeon Korea. The data were analyzed using factor analysis, cluster analysis and ANOVA. The result were as following. First, respondents were classified into four group by on/offline browsing behavior (high offline browsing group, low on/offline browsing group, high on/offline browsing group, and high online browsing group). Second, there were significant differences among groups in the shopping orientation (except for efficient shopping orientation). Third, groups showed differences in impulse buying and fashion goods expenditure ratio in on/offline markets. This information will benefit marketers in the use of multichannel consumer strategies.