• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.145-150
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• 2018

Background: This study evaluated the shoulder girdle muscle characteristics of elite archery athletes and provides suggestions for archery training programs. Methods: This study enrolled 15 cases of high level archery athletes (7 males, 8 females) and 30 cases of (15 males, 15 females) sex, age-matched, healthy, non-athletic individuals. We measured peak torques of flexion (FL), extension (EX), abduction (ABD), adduction (ADD), external rotation (ER) and internal rotation (IR) of both shoulders at an angular velocity of $30^{\circ}/sec$, $60^{\circ}/sec$, and $180^{\circ}/sec$. The peak torques and peak torque ratios of FL/EX, ABD/ADD, and ER/IR of the two groups were compared. Results: The archer group had a greater peak torque of IR and ADD, but only in the left shoulder (p<0.05). In the same group, both shoulders had greater peak torque of EX and lower peak torque of FL. The peak torque ratios of FL/EX of both shoulders were significantly lower in the archer group at all three angular velocities (p<0.05). The peak torque ratios of ABD/ADD were significantly greater in only the left shoulder of the archer group (p<0.05). Conclusions: The prominent characteristics of the shoulder girdle muscles of an elite archer are stronger adductor muscles of the bow shoulder and stronger extensors of both shoulders, as compared to healthy, non-athletic individuals. These muscle groups of the shoulder probably contribute a major role in maintaining the accuracy and stability during archery shooting. Hence, a training program that selectively enhances the adductor and extensor muscles could prove helpful in enhancing the archery skills of the athlete.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제13권22호
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• pp.99-111
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• 1990

The first national QC Circle Convention sponsored by Industry Advancement Administration in 1975 was the beginning of employees group activity from a national point view. Subsequently some events such as the first nationwide Factory Seamaul activity small Group Convention, which was supervised by the ministry of Trading and Industry and Factory Seamanulundong promotion Center, paved the way for proliferation of the group activity through all kinds of manufacturing. Although since November 1982 these two conventions has been united, many problem have been disclosed that are against the basic principle more or less. Worker's small group activity is, essentially, a trouble shooting oriented voluntary small group within their working place to improve the surroundings creatively. In practice, however, many groups are so typical and so impetuous of the material effect that it is worried to be inclined to outform rather than contents. Effective small group activities are presumed to he successful only with labor management cooperation on the basis of human-oriented management philosophy. The small group activities are also prevalent in service sector. More derivative methods have been developed and more members are willingly participating in training programs. The small group which is basically a horizontal organization unit, promotes communication within the whole organization. In consideration of the social circumstances and traditions, the flexible model of the small group activities suitable to the corporate environment, will contribute to industrial development.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.115-128
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• 1991

In korea, since November 1982 these two small group actvity convension (QC circle convension and Factory Saemaul activity small group convension) has been united, many problem have been disclosed that are against the basic principle more or less. Worker's small group activity is essentially, a trouble shooting oriented voluntary small group within their working place to improve the surroundings creatively. In practice. however, many group are so typical and so impetuous of the material effect that it is worried to be inclined to outform rather than contents. Effective small group activities are presumed to be successful only with labor management cooperation on the basis of human-orient management philosophy. The small group activities are also prevalent in service sector. More derivative methods have been developed and more members are willingly participating in training programs. The small group which is basically a horizontal organization unit, promptes communication within the whole organization. In consideration of the social circumstances and traditions, the flexible model of the small group activities suitable to the corporate environment, will contribute industrial development.

• 안보군사학연구
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• 통권3호
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• pp.197-242
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• 2005

Active catalog is a kind of digital content that enables consumers to test the functions and features of products from their PCs as if they were using it in real life, by simulating the actions and responses of the product. This new type of interactive digital content can be used extensively to make sales personnel training manuals, sales tools, user manuals and user trouble shooting documents. With active catalogs, companies will be able to compare different designs, show actions according to different functions, and evaluate user reaction to new products without having to produce a single physical prototype or mock-up. At the same time, consumers will be able to understand and 'operate' the product and make well-informed purchase decisions. In this paper, we present a visual event-driven modeling tool, PlayMo, for creating active catalogs, analyze the advantages of using PlayMo, describe the event-driven method used by PlayMo and also introduce two enhanced characteristics of the Event Flow Chart with which the events in PlayMo are structured. Interactive digital content by using the PlayMo3D makes easy, simple and effective design for e-learning, e-catalogue, e-marketing/sales, e-prototyping, customer support, etc. Through its application-ready 3D function visualization solution, engineers and designers can rapidly turn a CAD design model into a 3D interactive virtual product, and the effective function prototyping job can be also completed within a minute.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2019

This paper presents a chamber pressure model development of K2 rifle by applying Gaussian mixture model. In order to materialize a real recoil force of a virtual reality shooting rifle in military combat training, the chamber pressure which is one of major components of the recoil force needs to be investigated and modeled. Over 200,000 data of the chamber pressure were collected by implementing live fire experiments with both K100 and M193 of 5.56 mm bullets. Gaussian mixture method was also applied to create a mathematical model that satisfies nonlinear, asymmetry, and deviations of the chamber pressure which is caused by irregular characteristics of propellant combustion. In addition, Polynomial and Fourier Regression were used for comparison of results, and the sum of squared errors, the coefficient of determination and root-mean-square errors were analyzed for performance measurement.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.615-622
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• 2020

파쇄 탄두는 목표물에 충격시 탄두가 파쇄되어 사격 연습이나 댐, 핵발전소, 문화재 등 중요 시설에서 이루어지는 작전에서 파편의 도비로 인한 2차적인 피해를 줄일 수 있다. 최근에는 납(Lead)이 함유된 탄두로 인하여 사격장에서 발생하는 환경 유해물질을 줄이는 것이 정부와 환경단체에서 중요한 이슈로 부각되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 파쇄 탄두의 국내 개발 확대를 위해 파쇄탄의 효율적인 탄두 형상을 설계하였으며, 안전성과 신뢰성 확인을 위한 시험 진행 및 공정 조건별 실사격을 통한 실제 파편의 크기 확인을 진행하였다. 또한 소결된 파쇄탄자의 미세조직 사진 분석을 통해 공정별 압축강도, 밀도 및 파쇄성 등 물리적인 특성을 비교하였다. 본 실험을 통해 조성 성분 Cu-Sn 에서 조성 비율 - 85:15/소결온도 : 600℃/ 소결시간 : 1시간 조건에서 탄두의 정상적인 발사 및 목표물에 충격 후 최소의 파편으로 분쇄되는 최적의 결과를 나타내는 것을 확인했다. 본 연구를 기반으로 공정 조건 및 실험 방법 등을 더 발전시켜 향후 파쇄탄자의 성능개량 및 환경 개선 등에 기여할 수 있을 것이라 생각한다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.366-373
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• 2005

인천지 역 대표선수인 중ㆍ고등학교 여 자 펜싱 , 사격 , 육상, 수영 선수 총 102명을 대상으로 건강과 식습관에 대해 설문조사를 시행하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 전 체 조사대 상자 중 35.9%가 현재 비타민 및 철분 보충제를 섭취하고 있다고 응답하였으며, 육상선수의 섭취율이 62.5%로 운동경기 종목별 유의적 차이를 보였다. 본인이 인식하는 건강상태는 전체 조사대상자의 65.3%가 '보통이다', 21%가 '좋다'고 응답하였고, 건강에 대한 관심정도는 전체 조사대상자의 69.5%가 보통이다', 25.3%가 '많다'고 응답하였다. 운동이 정신적 스트레스의 주요원인으로 나타났으며 운동과 관련된 스트레스가 펜싱＆gt;사격＆gt;육상)수영 순인 반면에 훈련 중 신체적 부담에 대해서는 수영＆gt;육상＆gt;펜싱＆gt;사격 순으로 나타나서 운동경기 종목별 유의적 차이를 보였다. 훈련 중 현기증을 느낀 적이 있는가에 대해 사격선수가 다른 종목에 비해 유의적으로 적게 느끼는 것으로 나타났고, 생리 주기의 규칙성에 대해 절반이상이 "불규칙하다"고 응답하였다. 가장 문제가 되는 식습관에 대해 결식＆gt;폭식＆gt;편식＆gt;맵고 짠 음식선호 순으로 응답하였다. 주로 결식하는 끼니로 펜싱과 사격선수는 아침식사를, 육상과 수영선수는 저녁식사를 주로 걸러서 유의적 차이를 보였다. 결식빈도에 대해 펜싱＆gt;사격＆gt;육상＆gt;수영 순으로 자주 결식하는 것으로 나타나서 운동경기 종목별 유의적 차이를 보였다. 아침식사의 규칙성에 대해 펜싱과 사격선수가 육상과 수영선수에 비해 '불규칙하다'고 응답한 비율이 유의적으로 높았다 주로 섭취하는 간식으로는 스낵 및 과자류, 탄산음료, 초콜릿, 사탕류＆gt;우유, 요구르트, 아이스크림 등 유제품＆gt;빵, 케이크, 떡(볶이)＆gt;라면＆gt;햄버거, 피자 순으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로부터 인천지역 대표 여자 운동선수의 건강과 식습관은 운동종목별로 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그러므로, 이들 청소년 대표 여자 운동선수의 운동수행 능력과 건강을 위해 올바른 식습관 형성을 위한 영양상담 및 교육프로그램이 운동종목별로 다양하게 개발되어 실용화되어야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.48-51
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• 2011

Powered by compressed air, a nail gun is an essential alternative tool to a hammer on any construction site. This useful machine launches nails at high speed, automatically embedding them in a piece of wood in only a fraction of a second. In spite of its convenience, life-threatening and fatal nail gun injuries can occur when a nail gun is misused, such as in a suicide attempt, or when the operator has insufficient training because combustion nail guns are capable of firing projectiles at velocities higher than 150 m per second. Although injuries by nail guns are rarely reported, there have been reports of nail gun injuries to the head and the trachea in Korea. In the emergency room, the authors experienced a patient injured by an accidental shooting of a nail gun while working in construction. In that accident, a nail penetrated the patient's cervical vertebra through the left cheek. This report is aimed at studying medical treatment for patients with penetrating injuries caused by nail guns.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2004

본 논문은 군에서 운용중인 대공포 사격 훈련용으로 개발한 무인 표적기용 자동비행시스템 개발에 관한 논문이다. 조종사에 의해 수동으로 운용중인 표적기를 자동화함으로써 조종사 측면에서는 비행업무를 경감시키고, 군 측면에서는 사격훈련 예산절감이라는 장점을 가지게 된다. 현재까지 개발된 대부분의 UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle)는 항공기 자세를 측정하기 위해 AHRS(Attitude & Heading Reference System)와 IMU(Inertial Measurement Unit)등의 고가의 센서를 장착하고 있지만 이를 장착하고 무인기를 사격훈련용으로 사용하기에는 예산절감이라는 목적에 적합하지 않다. 이에 본 논문은 저가의 센서를 장착하고 자동비행이 가능하도록 저가형 자동비행시스템을 개발하였으며, 자동비행 컴퓨터를 포함한 센서, 전원모듈, 스위칭 모듈, 모니터링 모듈, RC 수신기를 하나의 모듈로 단일화하여 통합형 자동비행시스템을 개발하였다. 또한 비행시험을 통하여 자동비행시스템 성능을 입증하였다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2018

This study aims to offer base line data for efficient conflicts control measures by first, analyzing the current situation of the regional comprehensive development project and second, identifying level, type and cause of the conflicts appeared during the development business promotion. For this purpose, theoretical side of this study establishes a basic frame by reviewing the existing researches in order to analyze the characteristics of the conflicts between the participation subjects in the development business, and the empirical side conducts survey and analysis on the awareness on these conflicts. As a result of the analysis, the survey revealed the followings. First, the respondents were aware of the overall promotions of the business quite positively, second, the conflicts were considered as a major obstacle against the development project promotion just as the other negative factors, third, majority of the responses on the seriousness of the conflicts were neutral which meant that the conflicts could be deepened by situations, fourth, most respondents had positive recognition on the needs of conflict control training and its effectiveness, and last but not least, most respondents of the survey revealed their intentions to take parts in trouble shooting from the conflicts. Based on the results above, we were able to extract several elements to consider preparing the countermeasures for the conflicts. First, specific plan should be arranged and institutionalized in order to control the conflicts between the residents at the initial stage of the development business or even before. Second, the specific plan must lower its threshold for easy participation of the residents in that region and make the residents main body of the conflict control. Third, enhanced conflict control education must be provided to the residents of the region where comprehensive development plan is in progress or being prepared.