• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.135-140
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• 1989

This experiment was to study the relationship between shoot and root system in perennial ryegrass at different stages of growth. The results are summarized as follows; 1. The dry weight of shoot was significantly correlated with the dry weight of root at both stages of growth. 2. The yield components of shoot and root systems were changed by the stages of growth. Thus, the dry weights of shoot and root were positive correlated with the number of tillers and roots at 60 days after sowing. But, the dry weights of shoot and root were positive correlated with the dry weight of root, the dry weight of tiller, length of plant and length of root at 90 days after sowing. 3. Maprirna variety was obtained a higher dry weights of shoot and root at 60 days after sowing, but, Alta variety was obtained at 90 days after sowing, respectively. 4. The dry weight of shoot was positive correlated with leaf area at both stages of growth. 5. The dry weight of shoot was significantly negative correlated with specific leaf weight at 60 days after sowing, but positive correlated with specific leaf weight at 90 days afikr sowing. 6. The dry weight of root was smcantly positive correlated with leaf area at 60 days after sowing, but not recognized at 90 days after sowing.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.197-202
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• 1989

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of growth medium in pots composed of upland soil(S), rice straw manure(M), carbonated rice hull(CRH), and their mixture on growth of tobacco cv. NC 82. The growth of shoot and root was vigorous in order of medium S+M+CRH>M>CRH>S. In M+S medium, root growth in the part of manure was superior to upland soil. But root growth of upland soil part in M+S plot was more vigorous than that in upland soil only. It is possibly due to be influenced by manure in M+S plot. Total length and weight of root, number of roots, and especially for development of adventitious root were closely related to shoot growth. Roots grown in upland soil part was brownish gray in color, while the roots in manure part was milky white. The milky white colored roots had longer life than others. It was concluded that root zone environments derived from several media in pots closely related to shoot growth and disease tolerance of tobacco plant.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.169-169
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• 2017

Medium composition plays a key role on influencing organogenesis in plant tissue culture. This study was carried out to examine the effects of medium composition on organogenesis in diploid and tetraploid Codonopsis lanceolata and obtain in-vitro mass propagation of superior species of C. lanceolata. Diploid C. lanceolata was found to be declined regarding MS medium composition for each concentration. However, shoot and adventitious root formation were suppressed with higher mineral salt concentration, and active growth of shoot and adventitious root was exhibited as 4.9 cm and 3.2 cm respectively in 1/2 MS medium. While in tetraploid C. lanceolata, it showed 2.9 cm and 3.2 cm respectively in 1/4 MS medium. In the case of sucrose concentration, no consistent decrease was observed for growth of shoot and the adventitious root of diploid both at high and low concentration. The growth of shoot (at 3% concentration) and adventitious root (at 7% concentration) was 2.3 cm and 2.0 cm respectively. Although there was no difference in shoot formation of tetraploid C. lanceolata in all concentrations with the range of 1.7~1.8, there was a slight decrease in shoot growth at high concentration. Results revealed that the adventitious root formation was suppressed at high concentration. The concentration of agar exhibited no significant difference in shoot formation of diploid C. lanceolata at all concentrations. The maximum result of adventitious growth (4.1 cm) was observed at 0.8% concentration. Slight inhibition of shoot formation and root formation of tetraploid C. lanceolata was observed at higher concentration. Shoot formation of diploid C. lanceolata also exhibited inhibition at higher concentration. Shoot formation of diploid C. lanceolata was increased at lower pH and shoot growth was the highest (2.3 cm) at pH 3.8. Adventitious root formation was higher at lower pH. However, both the adventitious root formation and growth exhibited comparatively higher result at pH 5.8. Taken together, the levels of pH had an effect on shoot and root formation in diploid and tetraploid of C. lanceolata

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.161-167
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• 1998

Root and shoot development of two rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars with different genetic backgrounds was studied with reference to their relative growth. Tongil type (indica-japonica hybrid) cultivar 'Kuemkangbyeo' and japonica cultivar 'Koshihikari' were grown in $5000^{-1}$ a Wagnar pots under flooded condition. Three plants with roots of both cultivars were taken in every phyllochron through the heading stage to record morphological characteristics of shoot and root system. Compared to Koshihikari, Kuemkangbyeo produced more tillers and had greater shoot weight and leaf area per hill. Length and weight of the root system in both cultivars increased exponentially with time. At the same time, root system development was significantly faster in Kuemkangbyeo than in Koshihikari after the panicle initiation stage. As a result, Kuemkangbyeo has a vigorous root system which consists of larger number of nodal roots compared to Koshihikari. Also, the root length and weight per unit leaf area of Kuemkangbyeo were larger than those of Koshihikari in the later half of growing period, which suggests possible higher physiological activity of the root system of Kuemkangbyeo which is known as a high-yielding cultivar. The relationship between root traits (crown root number, total root length, and root dry weight) and shoot traits (leaf area and leaf+culm dry weight) in both cultivars closely showed allometry until the flag leaf stage.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.6-11
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• 1992

This experiment was carried out to study the biological yields(BY) of varieties by the developmental growth stages and shoot weight(SHW), leaf area(LA), root dry weight(RW), number of tillers(NT), shoot and root ratio(S/R), weight of a tiller(WT) as factors of yield components with 5 varieties of perennial ryegrass. The results are summarized as follows; 1. The biological yields in summer were about 115 of spring yield. 2. The biological yields of Manhattan were the highest until1 third developmental growth stage among perennial ryegrasses, and those for Maprima and P-2 varieties were the highest in the following stages. In terms of shoot dry weight, the similarly tendency appeared in the fifth developmental growth stage. 3. The shoot dry weight increased highly with the root dry weight. 4. The Tempo variety of biological yield was generally low but the weight of a tiller was the highest. 5. The highest increasing stage of biological yields was between fifth and sixth developmental growth stage, but the lowest increasing stage of biological yields was between first and second developmental growth stage, respectively. The dominant factors of biological yields were influenced to shoot and root dry weight.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제5권6호
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• pp.813-826
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• 1996

발아후 7일된 팥유식물에서 alumlnlum(Al)이 생장, 엽록소 함량, ALAD활성 및 뿌리와 경엽부의 형태에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 저농도(50, 100 $\muM)의$ Al처리에 의해 뿌리와 경엽부의 신장이 매우 감소되었으며 농도가 증가함에 따라 생장이 더욱 억제되었다. 따라서 생장억제는 농도의존적이었다. 뿌리신장은 Al 처리 24시간에서 감소되었으며 7일간의 저농도처리에 의해 억제효과가 회복되는 경향을 보여주었다. Al의 독성증상과 생장반응은 경엽부에 비해 뿌리에서 더 크게 나타났다. Hematoxylin 염색법에 의해 Al 분포를 조사한 결과 Al은 근단을 통해 표피와 피층세포에 축적되어 있음을 알 수 있었다. 한편 Al처리는 엽록소함량을 감소시켰으며, ALAD활성 또한 억제시켰다. 엽록소 함량과 ALAD 활성 간에는 양의 상관관계가 나타났다. Al 처리에 의한 뿌리의 형태변화를 보면 표피세포 및 피층세포의 변형 또는 파괴가 관찰되었으며, 뿌리직경과 피층의 체적도 매우 감소되었다. 경엽부에서도 Al처리는 직경과 세포크기의 감소를 보여주었다. 그러나 잎에서의 형태적 변화는 엽록체수와 크기변화 이외에는 거의 관찰되지 않았다. 이와 같은 결과에서 Al의 독성효과는 1차적으로 뿌리에서 나타나며, 뿌리형태의 변화는 뿌리의 생장패턴과 관련이 있음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 Al은 팥유식물에서 특히 뿌리의 형태와 기능적 손상을 일으키는데 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.11-16
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• 1982

New shoot growth of Panax ginseng root was investigated comparing with burley and soybean from l0$^{\circ}C$ to 30$^{\circ}C$ under dark. Shoot growth ceased by 12days at 30$^{\circ}C$ and optimum temperature appeared to be 15$^{\circ}C$/20$^{\circ}C$ (15hrs/9 hrs) , and 15$^{\circ}C$/15$^{\circ}C$ for ginseng. Shoot growth seems to be Poor below l0$^{\circ}C$. Temperature for maximum growth 20$^{\circ}C$/20$^{\circ}C$ for barley and 20$^{\circ}C$ /25$^{\circ}C$ for soybean. Barley did not germinate above 25$^{\circ}C$/25$^{\circ}C$, but grow better than soybean below 15$^{\circ}C$/25$^{\circ}C$. Fresh weight of 2 weeks suggesting cessation of water uptake at higher temporal use. Ginseng showed greater root ply s shoot of ginseng was linearly increased at 15$^{\circ}C$ but did not increased at 25$^{\circ}C$ after occurence of die-back of new shoot or root rot above 25$^{\circ}C$.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.353-357
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• 1998

This study was conducted to determine the effect of growth regulators, genotype, and cutting position on the rooting and root growth from cutting of Chrysanthemum zawadskii H.. Rooting rate of Keungugeolcho in the treatement of IBA 500 and 1000 ppm was the better than those of other treatments of IAA, NAA and Rooton. Rooting rate differed depending on the genotype. Hangryobonggugeolcho was better than Keungucheolcho in rooting rate. The treatment of rooton remarkably induced many roots from the cuttings of eight accessions of Chrysanthemum zawadskii H.. Also, rooting rate and number of root differed depending on cutting position. When cuttings including shoot tip were cultured on tray containing bed soil, rooting rate and number of root induced from cuttings with shoot tip was higher than when cuttings without shoot tip and with lateral axillary bud were cultured.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.14-19
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• 2008

저온기의 딸기 재배를 위한 기초자료를 얻기 위하여 '아키히메(章姬)'품종을 재료로 딸기의 뿌리 발달에 미치는 저온의 영향과 지하부의 온도와 관련된 지상부의 생육을 조사하였다. $18^{\circ}C$의 근온처리구에서 1차근의 생육이 가장 양호하였으며 $8^{\circ}C$의 저온에서 뿌리의 신장률이 가장 낮았으며, 특히 측근의 수와 길이가 가장 저조하였다. 근부의 온도는 지상부의 생육에도 직접적인 영향을 미쳐서, 낮은 근권 온도에서는 지상부의 생체중, 엽면적, 엽장, 엽폭 및 엽수의 저하를 초래하였다. 본 실험의 결과는 지하부 온도관리의 중요성을 확인할 수 있는 것으로 딸기 촉성재배농가에 유용한 정보로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.18-23
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• 1997

The study was carried out to clarify reasonable production of healthy seedling, optimal Pot depth, and appropriate transplanting time, which can be deduced from understanding of seedling quality. Seedling quality results from growth of root and shoot, morphology and distribution of root system under influence of Pot depth during seedling growing period. Stem height, shoot dry weight, leaf area and leaf number were increased in proportion to depth of pots. Growth of shoot and root during seedling growing period showed the most dramatic development between 20th and 25th day after temporary planting. Root number increased as pot depth decrease and total root length and dry weight increased as pot depth increase. In 5cm pot, relative multiplication rate was higher and mean extension rate was lower than other depth of Pot. The limitation of pot volume in which rhizosphere was located enhance the development of roots of second and third order. At 20th days after temporary Planting root distribution was relatively uniform in length and development of adventitious root on stem base was poor as Pot depth decreased.