• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.12
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• pp.1787-1792
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• 2011

The object of this study was to compare the performance of commercial enrichment media used for Shigella spp. A total of four enrichment media, Gram negative (GN) broth, Shigella broth (SB), selenite-F (SF) broth, and selenite cystine (SC) broth, were tested. When S. sonnei was inoculated into each enrichment broth at 10 cfu/mL of concentration, the highest growth was observed in Shigella broth. Morganella spp., which was not differentiated in selective agar of Shigella spp. thus can be counted as false positive, did not grow in Shigella broth in enrichment step. When S. sonnei was artificially inoculated into pork, it was mostly recovered through an enrichment process with GN broth and SF broth. However, in the case of beef, S. sonnei was mostly recovered with GN broth but largely failed with Shigella broth. Therefore, enrichment media for Shigella spp. should be selected by considering the food matrix in order to increase the chance of isolating it from foods.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.136-138
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• 1998

Shigella spp. cause classic bacillary dysentery that rarely result in extraintestinal complications. Urinary tract infections(UTIs) due to Shigella spp. are rare, and Shigella sonnei UTIs are extremely rare. We report a case of symptomatic UTI due to S. sonnei. A 9-year-old female presented with a history of fever, abdominal pain, loose form diarrhea, vomiting, and dysuria for 1 day. S. sonnei was identified from urine culture and stool culture result was no Salmonella and Shigella isolated. She was treated with gentamicin and cefuroxime intravenously for 5 days, which suscessfully controlled clinical features of infections.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.13-17
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• 1999

Shigella sonnez is important causes of human enleric infcctions. S. sonnei KNIH104S was isolated from patient of shigellosis in Korea and previously reported. We cloned 1.7 kb BamHI fragment containing the asd gene encoding an aspartate $\beta$-semialdehyde dehydrogenase from chromosomal DNA of S. sonnei KNIH104S. This recombinant plasmid was named as pSAB17. E. coli $\chi$6097, an a d mutant, cannol grow on the LB medium without DL-$\alpha$, $\varepsilon$-diaminopimclic acid (50 pgiml) but E. coli x 6097(pSAB17) can grow on the same medium. We sequenccd the asd gene ol Shigella for the first time. The asd gcne was composed of 1,104 base pairs with ATG initiation codon and TAA termination codon. Sequence comparison of the asd gene exhibited 99.9% nucleolide sequence hornology with that of E. coli. Also, We constructed the balanced-lethal vector using pBluescrip SK(+) and asd gene of S. sonnei KNIH104S.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.27-32
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• 2001

Antibiotic resistance of thirty strains of Shigella sonnei isolatedfrom patient of Shigellosis outbreke at Young Cheon area in 1998 was tested. Twenty-seven strains were resistant to Tr(Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazol) and Shigella sonnei SG-48 was resistant to Tr(Trimethopirm-Sulfamethoxazol), Ap(Ampicillin), Cp(Cephalothin) and Pi(Piperacillin). Shigella sonnei SG-49, SG-66, and SG-73 were senstive to all tested antibiotics. Physiological charactristics of isolated Shigella sonnei SG-48, SG-49, SG-57, and SG-73 such as effect of pH, NaCl concentration and temperature on the growth, survival in adverse condition and heat resistance were investigated Growth of the strains were inhibited at pH 4 and pH 9. All strains were grown in Tryptic soy broth containing 6% of NaCl but inhibited in TSB containing 9% of NaCl except Shigella sonnei SG-73 after incubation for 18hrs at 37$^{\circ}C$. Selected strains grew during storage at 10 but did not grow at 4. The strains were survived in 1% pepton solution for 15 days at 37$^{\circ}C$. Viable cell of selected strains were decreased 45 log cycle after heat treatment for 30 mins at 6$0^{\circ}C$ but did not detect by heat treatment for 5 mins at 7$0^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.1113-1117
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• 2012

Shigella sonnei is a causal agent of fever, nausea, stomach cramps, vomiting, and diarrheal disease. The present study describes a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay for the specific detection of S. sonnei using a primer pair based on the methylase gene for the amplification of a 325 bp DNA fragment. The qPCR primer set for the accurate diagnosis of Shigella sonnei was developed from publically available genome sequences. This quantitative PCR-based method will potentially simplify and facilitate the diagnosis of this pathogen and guide disease management.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.223-228
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• 2016

Shigella is a common cause of bacterial enteritis worldwide. Shigella sonnei accounts for 90% of Shigella infections and Shigella flexneri is rarely reported in Korea. Although the incidence of Shigella infection has decreased, the incidence of organisms with antibiotic resistance has gradually increased in Korea. An outbreak of extended-spectrum ${\beta}-lactamase$ (ESBL)-producing S. sonnei in children was reported in Korea; however, ESBL-producing S. flexneri has not yet been reported. We report the first two cases of multidrug-resistant CTX-M-14-producing S. flexneri infections in Korean children.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.21 no.1 s.85
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• pp.40-46
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• 2005

This study was performed to investigate the antimicrobial effects of the Citrus unshiu Markovich extracts against food-borne pathogens. First, the Citrus unshiu Markovich was extracted with methanol at room temperature, and fractionation of the methanol extracts from Citrus unshiu Markovich was carried out by using petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The antimicrobial activity of the Citrus unshiu Markovich extracts was determined using the paper disc method against food-borne pathogens and food spoilage bacteria. The ethyl acetate extracts of Citrus unshiu Markovich showed the highest antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus and Shigella sonnei. A synergistic effect was found in combined extracts of Citrus unshiu Markovich and Hedyotis diffusa Willd as compared to each extract alone. Finally, the growth inhibition curve was determined using ethyl acetate extracts of Citrus unshiu Markovich against Bacillus cereus and Shigella sonnei. The ethyl acetate extract of Citrus unshiu Markovich showed strong antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus at the concentration of 5,000 ppm. The 5,000 ppm of ethyl acetate extract from Citrus unshiu Markovich retarded the growth of Bacillus cereus more than 24 hours and Shigella sonnei up to 24 hours. The ethyl acetate extracts of Citrus unshiu Markovich have shown an antimicrobial effect against Bacillus cereus and Shigella sonnei.

• BMB Reports
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.436-439
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• 1999

Shigella sonnei is an important cause of human enteric infections. S. sonnei KNIH104S was previously reported to be isolated from Korean shigellosis patients. We cloned a 2.8-kb KpnI fragment containing the recA gene encoding a recombinase from the chromosomal DNA of S. sonnei KNIH104S. This recombinant plasmid was named pRAK28. E. coli HB101, a recA mutant, cannot grow on Luria-Bertani medium in the presence of the alkylating agent methylmethane sulfonate, however, E. coli HB101 harboring pRAK28 was found to grow on this medium. As far as we know, we are the first to sequence the recA gene from S. sonnei. This gene is composed of 1062 base pairs with an ATG initiation codon and a TAA termination codon. Nucleotide sequence comparison of the S. sonnei recA gene exhibited 99.7% and 99.5% identity with those of S. flexneri and E. coli, respectively.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.339-340
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• 2006

The pattern of drug resistance and incidence of R-factors were studied in Shigella sonnei as food-borne pathogen strains isolated from chicken meat in Iran. In this study we examined for transferring R-factors of S. sonnei to sensitive Escherichia coli $k_{12}{\bar{F}}(\lambda)$. The results showed that 19 out of 57 strains (33.3%) were resistant to one or more drugs and multiple drug resistance was more common than single drug resistance. The most predominant pattern of resistance observed was Tetracycline (Tc), Chloramphenicol (Cm), Streptomycin (Sm), and Sulfonamide (Su). 100% of the strains from the Caspian littoral transferred at least a part of their resistance pattern to sensitive E.coli $k_{12}{\bar{F}}(\lambda)$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.7
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• pp.1025-1031
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• 2011

The objective of this study was to compare the performances of conventional microbiological media used in isolation of Shigella spp. from foods. Total of six selective media, including MacConkey agar (MAC), Salmonella Shigella agar (SSA), desoxycholate citrate agar (DCA), xylose lysine desoxycholate agar (XLD), hektoen enteric agar (HEA), and CHROMagar, were tested. MAC showed almost the same colony numbers as compared to tryptic soy agar (TSA) while DCA showed significantly lower colony numbers when cultivated Shigella spp. was counted in each medium. In a food recovery test with beef, pork and shrimp, S. sonnei recovered well on CHROMagar (p<0.05). With lettuce and cabbage, S. sonnei displayed significantly significant recovery (p<0.05) on SSA in comparison with other selective media. Heat-injured cells recovered well on MAC and SSA. In a specificity test using Enterobacteriaceae strains, HEA was identified as having the highest specificity among the tested media. However, Morganella spp. could not be differentiated from Shigella spp. on any of the tested selective media. Shigella spp. precluded the possibility of isolation from foods by a single 'best' selective medium. Consequently, a combination of complementary selective media or selection of appropriate media according to cell conditions must be considered for comprehensive isolation.