• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.366-371
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• 2017

Six experimental diets for juvenile sea cucumbers Apostichopus japonicus were evaluated and compared with current commercial diets. Sea cucumbers (50 per tank; initial mean weight $2.3{\pm}0.1g$) in three replicates of seven groups were fed one of six experimental diets (ED1, 20% wild-harvested Sargassum thunbergii powder; ED2, 20% commercial S. thunbergii powder; ED3, 20% Undaria pinnatifida and Ascophyllum nodosum powders; ED4, 40% U. pinnatifida and A. nodosum powders; ED5, 10% brewer's yeast; and ED6, 10% sea shell powder) or a commercial diet (CD) for 28 weeks. The survival rate in all groups was 85-94%, with no significant difference among the experimental groups. The mean body weight of the sea cucumbers was significantly different among the experimental groups 6 weeks after the feeding trial. The final mean weight of the sea cucumbers was highest in ED1, ED3, and ED4, followed by ED6, ED5, ED2, and CD, in decreasing order. The results of this study suggest that U. pinnatifida and A. nodosum powders could provide a substitute for the S. thunbergii powder commonly used in commercial sea cucumber diets. Thus, the EP4 diet formulation, which contains no S. thunbergii, could be used as a practical feed for juvenile sea cucumbers.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.25-29
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• 2009

Paragonimus harinasutai metacercariae were found in a species of freshwater crab, Indochinamon ou, collected in a small stream of Namback District, Luang Prabang Province, Lao PDR. Adult flukes were recovered after experimental infection of the metacercariae to dogs. Metacercariae were round or slightly elliptical, $0.666{\times}0.626\;mm$ in average size, and had a thin cyst wall of about $20{\mu}m$ in thickness, a black excretory bladder, convoluted ceca, and some pinkish materials in the body. Adults were somewhat elongated, $95.2{\times}36.5\;mm$ in average size, covered with single-tipped tegumental spines, had a smaller oral sucker than the ventral sucker, a moderately branched ovary, and 5-6 lobulated testes. Eggs were ovoid and bilaterally symmetrical in shape, $79{\times}45{\mu}m$ in average size, and had a uniformly thickened shell. By the present study, it has been confirmed that I. ou is a new second intermediate host for P. harinasutai.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.63-138
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• 1999

From all possible chinese medical literatures, I studied the history of chinese pediatrics by dividing into Chunqiu Zhanguo, QinHan dynasties, LiangJin, SuiTang five dynasties, Song Dynasty, Jin and Yuan dynasties, Ming Qing dynasties. The conclusions are summarized as followings 1. The mentions related with pediatrics existed already in Yan ruins turtle shell letters, and 〈Yellow Emperor's classic of internal medicine> in Chunqiu Zhanguo time formed the system of medicine, established the theoretical foundation. 2. Chang Ji established the system of diagnosis and treatment based on overall analysis of symptoms and signs in , and later pediatricians commonly applied his prescriptions to the febrile diseases. 3. The period from LiangJin to SuiTang, Pediatrics was established as special department then in , Chao Yuanfang stated the etiology, pathogenesis, symptomatology of pediatric diseases. 4. In Song dynasty. pediatric 4 major, symptoms that had been mentioned from SuiTang dynasties, were clearly established, pediatrical special books were published, and written by Qian Yi who is considered as the founder of chinese pediatrics, established the foundation of pediatrical division formation in distinction from adult fields. 5. In Jin and Yuan dynasties, four eminent physicians established the actual relationship between the theories and practical applications and insisted various and creative theories based on the classical medicine, for example, the theory that fire and heat in the body was the main cause of diseases of Liu Wansu purgation theory of Zhang Congzheng, qi regulating theory of Liu Gao, ministerial fire theory and the theory that yang is ever in excess while Yin is ever deficient of Zhu Zhenheng, etc, and they applied those theories to pediatrical various sides. 6, In Ming Qing dynasties, pediatrical specialists and pediatrical publications had increased, eg, father and son Xue Kai Xue Ji, Wan Quan, Lu Bai-si, etc in Ming dynasty, Ye Gui, Chen Fuzheng, Xia Ding, etc in Qing dynasty were famous as pediatricians. Specially, the doctrine of epidemic febrile diseases at that time showed prominent effects to children's epidemic febrile diseases.

• 복식
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• 제64권8호
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• pp.55-66
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• 2014

Baeja(背子), which was excavated from the tomb of Sim, Su-ryun(沈秀崙, 1534-1589), a civil official, has a distinctive pattern. Two rectangles are connected by button knots on both shoulders and below the armpits, and surround the front and back of the upper body. Also, the back is shorter than the front, while the center-front is not opened. It also has a round neckline without a collar. Jeojuji(楮注紙), which is a traditional Korean paper made from mulberry bark, is put between the outer shell and lining of this clothing as an interlining. The purpose of this study is to perform a morphological feature analysis of the Baeja to examine its characteristics and name, and clothes with similar features, attire relic, pictorial and ceramic materials as well as precedent studies were used in the analysis. The Baeja, which was excavated from the tomb of Sim, Su-ryun, has the same pattern as Yangdang(裲檔), which was worn in the ancient northern region and China. Its composition and the way it was worn are very simple. Also, the shorter back length can be used as evidence that it was worn as everyday outer clothing, and not in a ceremony. Jeojuji, used as an interlining, made it easy to sew and maintain attire pattern and played a role of maintaining warmth. Therefore, this Baeja is presumed to be an outer clothing simply worn in the everyday life for convenience and warmth. In regards to its morphological feature, it was most likely a Yangdang in Joseon Dynasty.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2020

The implosion phenomena of pressure vessels operating in deep water under extremely high external pressure have been well known. The drastic energy release to ambient field in the form of pressure pulse is accompanied with catastrophic collapse of shell structure. Such a proximity shock wave could be a serious threat to the structural integrity of adjacent submerged body and several suspected accidents have been reported. In this study, basic research for the occurrence and development of shock wave due to implosion was carried out. The mechanism of pressure pulse generation and energy dissipation were investigated, and a simplified kinematic model to approximate the collapse modes of circular tubes which can be generated by external pressure and implosion was examined. Using the simplified kinematic model, the process of energy dissipation was formulated, and the magnitude of released pressure shock wave was estimated quantitatively. To investigate the validity of developed kinematic model and shock wave estimation process, the results from a nonlinear FE analysis code and collapse test carried out using pressure chamber were compared with the results from the developed kinematic model.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.30-35
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• 1979

상엽이 20% 함유된 누에의 인공사료에 있어서 5영 5일째에 $\alpha$-Amylase를 첨가시켜 사료를 종이한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 소화율은 자웅잠 다같이 대조구에 비하여 높았으며, 자잠은 웅잠보다 높았다. 2. 체중에 있어서는 웅잠은 대조구와 같은 수준이었으나 자잠의 체중이 대조구에 비하여 증가되었다. 3. 견질에 있어서는 견중, 견층중 다같이 대조구에 비하여 증가되었다. 4. 사료의 효율은 처리구가 대조구보다 높았으며, 그 정도는 자잠이 더 현저했다. 5. 5령 7일에 있어서 누에의 혈당량은 대조에 비하여 적었다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2021

경량의 의료방사선 차폐시트를 제작하기 위해 새로운 차폐소재를 검토하였다. 가정에서 음식물 쓰레기로 버려지는 계란 껍데기 분말을 고분자 물질과 혼합하여 차폐재료의 가능성을 검증하고자 하였다. 기존의 경량 소재는 친환경의 조건을 만족하지만 주 재료 정제과정의 비용으로 인해 차폐시트 제작의 경제성에 어려움이 있다. 본 연구는 가정용 폐기물인 계란 껍데기를 이용하여 이러한 문제점을 해결하고자 한다. 고분자 물질인 HDPE를 이용하여 3 mm 두께의 차폐시트를 제작하였으며, 차폐시트 단면 내의 입자 분포상태도 분석하였다. 입자의 모양은 대체로 거칠게 구성되어 입자 간 공극이 있었으며, 단위 면적당 무게는 평균 1.5 g/cm² 로 나타났다. 차폐성능은 저에너지 영역에서는 20%대, 고에너지 영역에서는 10%대의 차폐성능을 보여 저선량 의료방사선 차폐시트의 재료로 가능성을 보여주었다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.497-507
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• 2023

This study measured the effect 3D printing products comprised of different materials and shapes on heat transfer in clothing to derive fundamental data on thermal comfort among clothing comfort. The variables were three types of material (EVA foam, TPU-10%, TPU-10%+EVA), two types of shape (without holes, with holes), and two types of covers(without cover, with cover). All samples (12 types) prepared by combining these variables were placed on the hot plate set at 36℃, and the surface temperature was measured at three points for 10 minutes. The surface temperature change was dependent on the material, shape, and cover of the sample. The sample printed with TPU exhibited higher temperature transfer compared to the EVA foam sample after 10 mins. In addition, the temperature transfer was better when there were holes, and rate decreased when the sample was covered with fabric. We confirmed that material selection of the pad and thermal conductivity of the cover are extremely important in solving thermal stress to the human body caused by functional clothing with protectors. Additionally, as the protector, it is recommended to design the outer shell with a passage, such as a hole, to allow the rapid transfer of heat to the external environment.

• 한국생활환경학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.89-100
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• 2009

본 연구는 최대하 부하 트래드밀 운동과 간헐적 부위별 인체 냉각 시 심부와 말초 부위의 동적 체온조절을 관찰하기 위해 고안되었다. 이를 위해 총 다섯명의 남자 피험자가 세 가지 실험 조건, 머리와 손 냉각 조건(HH cooling), 다리 냉각 조건(Leg Cooling), 냉각하지 않는 대조군(Control)에 참여하였고, 모든 실험은 기온 24±1℃와 습도 50±5%RH로 유지되는 인공기후실에서 수행되었다. 피험자들은80%HR_max의 트래드밀 운동과 이어지는 회복 스케쥴을 두 번 반복하였고, 인체 부위별 냉각은 15℃의 물이 순환하는 액체 냉각모자, 장갑, 다리를 덮는 형태의 담요를 이용하여 회복 시에만 적용되었다. 본 연구 결과, (1) 직장온도(T_re)는 세 조건 간에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다; (2) 피부온도는 부위별로 특징되어지는 다양한 체온조절 현상을 보였다. 특히, 운동의 시작 시점에서 보이는 피부온도의 초기 하강은 주로 가슴, 넓적다리, 종아리, 손가락 피부 온도에서 관찰되었으며, 이 중 손가락 온도(T_fing)에서의 초기 하강 현상은 매우 현저했다. (3) 피부 온도가 초기 하강을 보이는 동안 T_re는 점점 증가했다. (4) 두 번째 운동 시작 시 T_fing에서의 초기 하강 규모는 Control 조건에서 평균 4.8℃, HH cooling 조건에서는 5.1℃, Leg cooling 조건에서는 3.4℃로, 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 초기 하강 현상을 보인 시간은 Control 조건에서 평균 8.1분으로 HH cooling 조건에서는 7.9분, Leg cooling 조건에서는 6.3분보다 길었으나 통계적 차이는 발견되지 않았다. 결론적으로, 트래드밀 운동의 개시기에 관찰된 피부온도 하강 현상은 인체 심부의 온열 상태의 진행과는 반대되므로, 비 온열적 요인을 반영한다. 특히, T_fing에서 초기 하강의 규모는 인체 부위별 냉각에 의해 영향을 받았다. 따라서, 말초 부위의 피부온도 하강 현상은 운동 중 피부면의 온열 상태 예측 시 주의깊게 고려되어져야 한다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제62권4호
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• pp.521-532
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• 2020

The production performance of broiler breeder hens in response to different levels of total lysine during the early laying period was investigated. A total of 126 Ross 308 parent stock hens were offered one of seven dietary treatments formulating elevated contents of total lysine ranging from 0.55% to 0.79% (0.04 scale; 133 g of feed) from 23 to 29 weeks of age. Each treatment had six replicates with three birds per pen. Body weight was recorded triweekly and eggs were collected and weighted at 9:00 am daily. One hen from each pen was euthanized to collect blood samples and visceral organs were harvested and weighed. Egg production, egg weight and egg mass were lower (p < 0.05) in hens offered a diet containing 0.55% total lysine compared to those fed the diet containing higher total lysine. Hens offered a diet containing 0.71%, 0.75%, and 0.79% total lysine had greater (p = 0.008) egg production rate compared to those offered a diet containing lysine less than 0.71%. The number of total eggs produced tended to be greater (p = 0.083) in hens offered a diet containing 0.71 and 0.75% total lysine compared to the other treatments. The number of settable egg production was higher (p < 0.001) in hens offered a diet contacting 0.79% total lysine compared to those fed the diet containing lower levels of total lysine. The relative weights of oviduct and ovary were lower (p < 0.05) in hens offered a diet containing 0.59% total lysine compared to the other treatments. No difference found in body weight, the number of total eggs, double-yolk eggs and abnormal shell eggs among the treatments. The urea nitrogen, estradiol-17 beta and progesterone in plasma were not affected by treatments. Based on linear- and quadratic-plateau models, total lysine requirements for egg production, settable egg production and egg mass at the early laying period were to be 0.73%, 0.77%, and 0.71%, respectively. Modern broiler breeder hens likely require higher total lysine than NRC recommendation in a diet for enhancing productivity during the early-laying period.