• 한국측량학회지
• /
• 제31권1호
• /
• pp.23-28
• /
• 2013

이종의 공간 데이터 셋을 매칭하는 과정은 매칭 또는 비 매칭의 이진 클래스로 판별하는 과정과 비슷하다. 이에 이진 클래스의 판별이 중요한 연구주제인 바이오인식 분야에서 임계값을 구하는데 이용되는 동일 오류율을 공간 데이터 셋의 매칭에 적용하여 임계값을 산출하였다. 매칭유무를 판별하는 과정에서 임계값이 계속 바뀌면 매칭으로 판별되는 객체 쌍이 상이해지면서 정확도와 재현율도 바뀌게 되며, 이들 지표 사이에 trade-off가 나타나는 지점이 EER, 즉 임계값이 된다. 동일 오류율 기반의 임계값 산출 방법을 훈련 자료에 적용하여 형상유사도 0.802가 임계값으로 구해졌다. 이를 실험 자료에 적용한 결과, 매칭의 성능을 평가하는 척도인 F-measure가 0.940으로 높게 나타났다. 이를 통하여 동일 오류율을 이용하여 연구자의 개입이 없이 정확한 임계값이 산출되고, 동일 오류율 기반의 임계값 산출이 이종의 공간 데이터 셋 매칭에 적합하다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.37-46
• /
• 2011

To design a beautiful hood fitting an unspecific individual, focusing on body parts such as the head, neck and shoulder requires body size and type information, which applied by physical factors like size, types, and movements, etc. These parts consist of complicated types and structures. Accurate information should be a priority due to great individual differences and low correlation with other body parts. However, there is not a lot of detailed physical information nor design methods for hood design. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to select a study sample "hood" which is a recently emerging fashion item and to expand the necessary physical information for pattern design and draw body size of wearing part on Hood like head, cerbical portion and shoulder. Extract factors to consist on types and after divided into several types, a study comparing each type's physical characteristics was conducted. In order to do that, body measurement data have been collected by statistical treatment and analyzed reference with statistical treatment. The results of the study are predicted to be important data to develop various hood designs for the recent fashion trend. Factor analysis was conducted through main composition analysis about direct measured item on human body and index items. The results of factor analysis, composed factors of body type in this research object were extracted in total of 3 factors. To categorize the head, neck and shoulders of women in their early 20s women and determine their characteristics, variances with factor analysis became operative for Cluster analysis. With these clusters, women in their early 20s were categorized into three types. The results of this study are considered to affect largely for higher physical suitability on unspecified individuals when allowed absence of reference and the fact that body size only limited to item 'head circumstance' in terms of making hat and hood in the case of recent Korea. For the future, an experimental study of hood production should be conducted by using basic data from this study.

• 복식문화연구
• /
• 제19권6호
• /
• pp.1150-1162
• /
• 2011

Considering the fact that the fit for men's clothes is important for the sizing system modern ready-made pants, an analysis of obese middle-aged men is required at this period of time to determine the appropriate fit for obese men. The following research focused on 635 middle-aged obese men who had a BMI index of at least 25 and a waist circumference from the belly-button level of 34 inches or more. This research deals with the articles of circumference, thickness and other major physical changes that happen during the 30s, 40s, and 50s. According to the analysis of these body measurement articles with specific regard to age, men's height and the height of their waist seemed to decrease as their age increased. This demonstrates that as these men grow older, the waist and stomach slowly curved into a circular and flat body type due to their obesity. In this study, the first factor figure was the height and leg length. The second factor figure was the waist form. The third factor figure was the center thigh circumference. The fourth and fifth factor figures were the hip length and shape. Lastly, the sixth factor figure was the calf circumference. These 6 factor figures construct 80.57% of the volume explanation and showed 3 patterns through a cluster analysis that showed different patterns of obesity forms for waist circumferences in key figure 1, waist and thigh circumferences in key figure 2, and waist and buttocks circumferences. Therefore, it was worthwhile to consider the circumferences of the waist, buttocks and thigh according to the body type category to enhance the drafting of well-fitting pants.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제49권5호
• /
• pp.569-595
• /
• 2014

In this paper, a novel semi-energy finite strip method (FSM) is developed based on the concept of first order shear deformation theory (FSDT) in order to attempt the post-buckling solution for thin and relatively thick functionally graded (FG) plates under uniform end-shortening. In order to study the effects of through-the-thickness shear stresses on the post-buckling behavior of FG plates, two previously developed finite strip methods, i.e., semi-energy FSM based on the concept of classical laminated plate theory (CLPT) and a CLPT full-energy FSM, are also implemented. Moreover, the effects of aspect ratio on initial post-buckling stiffness of FG rectangular plates are studied. It has been shown that the variation of the ratio of initial post-buckling stiffness to pre-buckling stiffness ($S^*/S$) with respect to aspects ratios is quite independent of volume fractions of constituents in thin FG plates. It has also been seen that the universal curve representing the variation of ($S^*/S$) with aspect ratio of a FG plate demonstrate a saw shape curve. Moreover, it is revealed that for the thin FG plates in contrast to relatively thick plates, the variations of non-dimensional load versus end-shortening is independent of ceramic-metal volume fraction index. This means that the post-buckling behavior of thin FG plates and the thin pure isotropic plates is similar. The results are discussed in detail and compared with those obtained from finite element method (FEM) of analysis. The study of the results may have a great influence in design of FG plates encountering post-buckling behavior.

• 한국지리정보학회지
• /
• 제8권3호
• /
• pp.65-73
• /
• 2005

임하호 유역의 지질은 점토질 및 셰일층으로 구성되어 있기 때문에 강우발생시 흙탕물의 형태로 많은 토립자가 호소로 유입되므로 호소내 탁도관측자료는 유역내 토사유실을 평가하는 간접지표가 될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 GIS 기반토사유실모델을 활용하여 연토사유실량을 평가하였으며 월별로 토사유실량을 배분하기 위해 시우량자료를 이용한 강우가중치 기법을 적용하였다. 2003년도 탁도자료를 볼때, 강우가중치에 의한 월별토사유실량 방법이 강우량자료에 의한 월별토사유실량 보다 더 효과적임을 알 수 있었다.

• 설비공학논문집
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.463-472
• /
• 1996

Experiments were carried out to study the operation characteristics of a regenerator with a thermo-syphon pump and a surface-flame burner for a lithium bromide (LiBr)-water absorption heat pump. A cylindrical-shape metal-fiber burner and commercial grade propane were used. The emission of carbon monoxide and nitric oxide was measured by a combustion gas analyzer. Ther regeneration rate of water vapor as a refrigerant was measured. It could be as a reference value showing the performance of the regenerator. The circulation rate of the LiBr-water solution was also measured from both the tanks for the weak-and the strong-solution. Using a refractometer, the LiBr concetration in the solution was calculated from the measured refractory index of the solution. Temperature of the solution and the condensed water was recorded at several points in the experimental apparatus with thermocouples, using a personal computer. This data collecting system for measuring temperature was calibrated with a set of standard thermometers. The generating rate of water vapor as refrigerant increased linearly with heat supplied. It was about 4.0g/s with the heat supplied at a rate of 16,500kcal/h. The circulation rate of LiBr solution also increases with the heat supplied. The difference in LiBr concentrations between the weak and the strong solution was in the range of 1 to 5% when the concentration of the strong solution was about 60%. It was dependent upon both the heat supplied and the circulation rate of the solution. The initial concentration and the level of the LiBr solution in the regenerator were measured and recorded before experiments. The effect of them on the generating rate of water vapor and the circulation rate of the solution was also studied. The generating rate of water vapor was not strongly dependent upon both the level of the LiBr solution and the initial LiBr concentration. However, the concentration difference of the solution increases with the initial level of the LiBr solution.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제18권6호
• /
• pp.39-49
• /
• 2015

This study was to evaluate the growth and spatial distribution characteristics of Rhus javanica population. The study was conducted between 2015 January and July at the cut-slope revegetation site in Dae-Ji Mountain. Seeds of native species were sowed on the disturbed cut-slope in 2002. There were 119 vascular plant species 55 families and 94 genera on the cut-slope. Compositae, Rosaceae, and Leguminosae plants were dominant species, which are pioneer species in dry and barren site. Canopy of trees covered 44.1% total area, which was 8.3% increase from 2008. Rhus javanica, main species, dominated all DBH classes except DBH >24cm. Albizzia julibrissin showed high frequency in the 6~17cm DBH class and Salix koreensis was abundant at >12cm. Elaeagnus umbellata, Corylus heterophylla var. heterophylla, Alnus sibirica, and Acer pictum were not observed. Rhus javanica population was the most frequently observed on the south facing cut-slope. The average DBH of Rhus javanica was $7.3({\pm}3.7)cm$ and the average height of them was $5.2({\pm}1.7)m$. Annual average DBH growth was 7.9mm/yr and the maximum growth(12.0mm/yr) was the $3^{rd}$ year. It decreased after $6^{th}$ years. Although Rhus javanica population in the Dae-Ji Mountain was a seed originated plantation, the forest had reverse J shape diameter frequency distribution. It indicated that the forest is uneven-aged forest. The Rhus javanica population was expected to sustain.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.65-80
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of periodontal curet and various rotating instruments on the root surfaces. Thirty-five extracted teeth with advanced periodontal disease were used. They was root planed with periodontal curet, periodontal Perio-Clean bur, periodontal Roto-Perio bur, resin polishing ET bur, and resin polishing diamond fissure bur. To find dentinal tubule orifices on the root surface, tetracycline HCI solution was applied to the one tooth of treated each group. Then, root surfaces were investigated using scanning electron microscope. Amount of loss of cementum was evaluated by loss of tooth substance index. The results were as follows. 1. Groups treated with periodontal curet and Perio-Clean bur showed irregular surface and concavities. Concavities seemed to be lacunae of cementocyte. Other groups treated with Roto-Perio bur, resin polishing ET bur, and resin polishing diamond fissure bur showed partially opened dentinal tubule orifice. 2. Groups treated with periodontal curet and Perio-Clean bur and tetracycline HCl showed irregular surface. No dentinal tubule orifice was seen. Other groups treated with Roto-Perio bur, resin polishing ET bur, and resin polishing diamond fissure bur and tetracycline HCl showed dentinal tubule orifice with various shape and size. 3. Loss of tooth substance indices were compared between groups. There was no statistically difference between periodontal curet and Perio-Clean bur groups. There were statistically differences between periodontal curet and Roto-Perio bur, ET bur, and diamond fissure bur groups. As a result of this study, groups treated with Roto-Perio bur, resin polishing ET bur, and resin polishing diamond fissure bur showed more cementum removed than groups treated with periodontal curet and Perio-Clean bur. Therefore, in a conventional treatment for periodontal disease, it was recommended that periodontal curet or Perio-Clean bur should be used. In a treatment for regeneration of periodontal tissue, it was recommended that Roto-Perio bur, resin polishing ET bur, or resin polishing diamond fissure bur should be used

• 한국전자파학회논문지
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.285-292
• /
• 2001

본 논문에서는 복합 전자파 간섭환경의 해석 모델을 제안하였고, 복합 간섭파는 임펄스,사인파, 구형파 형태의 3가지 종류로 구성하였다. 또한 , 복합 간섭파 진폭의 확률밀도함수를 유도하였다. 그리고 유도된 확률밀고 함수를 이용하여 복합 전자 간섭 환경에서 16QAM 시스템의 성능을 구하였다. 얻어진 결과로부터 임펄스 형태의 간섭이 다른 간섭 성분에 비하여 약할 경우에는 확률밀도함수의 형태가 사이파나 구형파 형태 간섭의 전력 성분에 의하여 지배를 받음을 알 수 있었다. 반면에 임펄스 형태의 간섭이 강할 경우에는 다른 2개의 간섭 성분의 영향은 지배적이지 않음을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 임펄스 형태의 간섭에서 임펄스 지수(A)와 평균 전력 성분비($\Gamma$')가 적을수록 16QAM 시스템의 성능은 열화됨을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제36권1호
• /
• pp.49-63
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study was to obtain the nutritional values and objective data of uncooked powdered food (UPF) in korea. We interviewed 27 healthy female subjects aged over 25 years living in the lksan area. We just replaced common breakfast and dinner of the subjects with UPF. Their dietary intake status was evaluated by 24-hour recall method. Their body compositions were measured using body fat analyzer. Also we conducted hematological and clinical analysis of blood. The intake of energy, lipid and protein has decreased as people started to take UPF, but the intake of vitamins and minerals has increased. The quality of meals has improved after taking UPF. Due to the energy loss by taking UPF, weight and body fat gradually lessened. Among the lost weight the percentage of the body fat was high and we judged that the process of losing weight was successful. It is hard to predict whether weight loss will occur to people who are already in shape or not, but if overweight and obesity people regularly take UPF instead of other food products, we assume that UPF will help lessening body fat. The most positive change among biochemical changes by taking UPF was decreasing of serum lipid contents. The concentrations of total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol gradually decreased and decreased intently after 12weeks. Serum HDL-cholesterol gradually increased and serum triglyceride showed gradual decrement. When healthy adult women replaced two of three meals with UPF for 3months, we were able to see some useful changes like decrement of body fat and serum lipid control and during this 3month period, no significant nutritional problems occurred. Complete judgement on UPF may be difficult with these conclusions but if people take a nomal meal once and replenish iron from taking UPF twice a day, we assume that replacing UPF with regular meal not be a problem in nutritional status. If other experiments on the effects of UPF proceed, we believe that those experiments will be very helpful in judging the nutritional value of UPF. (Korean J Nutrition 36(1) : 49-63, 2003)