• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.13-35
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• 2017

This study was carried out to analyze vegetation structure and change of the disturbed area in forest ecosystem(FE), riparian ecosystem(RE) and coastal ecosystem(CE) related to Regional Ecological Network at Chungnam province through constancy and dominance analysis, species diversity index, similarity index and canonical correlation analysis. Data were collected from April to October in 2015. As a result of constancy and dominance analysis of forest disturbed area, non-effective species(NES) was 30 species(17.0%), exported species(ES) was 98 species(55.7%) and imported species(IS) was 48 species(27.3%) among the total 176 species, respectively. In riparian disturbed area with total 139 species, there were 16 NES(11.5%), 98 ES(70.5%) and 25 IS(18.0%) respectively. In coastal disturbed area with 140 species, there were 20 NES(14.3%), 88 ES(62.9%) and 32 IS(22.9%) respectively. In all types of disturbed areas, the ratio of ES was higher than IS. As a result of species diversity, species richness and shannon's diversity index of disturbed area decreased in all kinds of crown strata such as tree, subtree, shrub and herb layer compared to the control area. As a result of similarity index, that of each type between control site and disturbed site was 0.374 in FE, 0.329 in CE and 0.259 in RE in the order. As a result of the CCA analysis, the number of present species, vine plants ratio and exported species ratio in disturbed area of FE and RE were decreased, and the naturalized plant ratio, imported species ratio and herb ratio were increased. But environmental factors of CE were not shown any clear tendency. In conclusion, many species occupied in control site disappeared into the disturbed area, and the naturalized plants and herb species were abundantly imported in the area. Therefore, it was considered that this study could be applied to the development of long-term and short-term ecological restoration techniques in view of vegetation changes.

• 생태와환경
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.108-119
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• 2021

이 연구는 국립공원에 서식하고 있는 조류를 대상으로 국립공원 생물다양성을 평가할 수 있는 지수를 개발하여 생물다양성이 서식지 변화나 환경변화로 인해 영향을 받는 것을 알아보기 위한 것이다. 산림성 조류로 두견목, 딱다구리목, 수리목, 매목, 비둘기목, 쏙독새목, 올빼미목, 참새목 등에 해당하는 112종에 대하여 5인의 전문가 의견을 통해 교란 민감도 값을 산출한 후 자연성 지수 값을 산출하였다. 교란 민감도는 긴꼬리딱새와 팔색조가 높았으며 까치, 직박구리, 멧비둘기는 가장 낮게 나타났으며 각 공원에서 기록된 개체수 합과는 역상관으로 나타났다. 조류 자연성 지수는 속리산에서 78.70, 월악산 68.30, 주왕산 60.64, 월출산이 49.09로 나타났으며 특정 개체수를 지닌 종이 사라지는 시나리오별로 전체 종 수와 Fisher's alpha, Shannon-Wiener 다양도지수(H'), 자연성 지수가 차이를 나타내었다. 자연성 지수는 희귀종에게 민감한 반응을 나타내었고 개체수가 많은 종으로만 구성되는 경우에도 지역별 차이를 나타내었다. 추후 전체 조류 종에 대한 교란 민감도 지수를 산출하여 지점별 그리고 시간에 따라 조류의 자연성 지수가 어떻게 변화하는가를 모니터링한다면 기후변화를 포함한 다양한 환경변화로 생물다양성이 어떻게 변화하는가를 나타내는 지표로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.42-49
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• 2000

임상이 서로 다른 임분에서 딱정벌레군집 구조를 해석하였다. 딱정벌레과의 전체 종수 및 개체수는 소나무림에서 10속 23종 1,1627개체, 잣나무림에서 11속 23종 418개체, 일본잎갈나무림에서 11속 25종 782개체, 참나무림에서 12속 25종 1,383개체 이었다. 소나무림에서 우점종들은 Synuchus cycloderus(19.8%), Synuchus nitidus(16.6%), Pterostichus pertirax(16.2%), 잣나무림 Pterostichus sp. 1(27.9%), Synuchus nitidus(24.4%), Synuchus cycloderus(10.2%), 일본잎갈나무림 Synuchus sp.1(40.0%), Synuchus nitidus(9.3%), Pterostichus sp.1(7.4%), 참나무림 Pterostichus sp.2(17.4%), Synuchus cycloderus(14.4%), Pterostichus pertirax(14.1%) 이었다. Shannon지수 (H') 및 균등도지수(J')는 소나무림 2.11, 0.64 잣나무림 2.25, 0.72, 일본잎갈나무림 2.23, 0.69, 참나무림 2.32, 0.72로 조사되었으며, 유사도지수는 잣나무와 참나무림에서 0.66으로 낮았으며, 소나무림과 일본잎갈나무림에서 0.83으로 가장 높았다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권8호
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• pp.1285-1290
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• 2018

Objective: This study shows the effects of dietary fiber levels on cecal microbiota composition in geese at day 70 according to pyrosequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene. Methods: A total of 468 1-day-old healthy male Yangzhou goslings with similar body weight were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 26 geese per replicate. Geese were fed diets with fiber levels of 2.5% (low fiber level diet, Group I) and 6.1% (Group III) during days 1-70, respectively, or 4.3% for days 1-28 and 6.1% for days 29-70 (Group II). Results: Low fiber level diet decreased body weight, average daily gain during, increased lower feed conversation rate of geese during day 1 to 70 (p<0.05). Low fiber level diet decreased the total operational taxonomic units, Chao1 index and Shannon index, whereas increased the Simpson index of cecal microbiota in geese at day 70. Low fiber level diet decreased the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Bacteroides, and Paraprevotella in cecum of geese at day 70. The similarity of cecal microbiota between low fiber level diet group and other groups was smaller. Conclusion: This study indicates that the low fiber level diet decreased diversity of microbiota, and relative abundance of some beneficial microbiota in cecum of geese at day 70, implying that the low fiber level diet has negative influence on performance by altering the diversity and population of cecal microbiota in geese.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.382-388
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• 2002

In order to assess the effects of organic fertilizer on soil microbial community structure and diversity in the greenhouse fields, fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) was analyzed by the MIDI (Microbial ID, Inc., Newark, DE, U.S.A.) system and enumerations were performed. In relation to bacterial division of each sample, low GC Gram-positive bacteria were predominant among bacteria cultured on aerobic bacteria media. On the other hand, alpha subdivision was predominant on proteobacteria of control and OM (organic matter) 1 treated plot, and Flavobacterium spp. existed in OM2 plot on crystal violet media of all samples. Shannon-weaver Index (H) of OM1 plot varied most by 1.9 and 5.0 among bacteria cultured on aerobic bacteria media and crystal violet media, respectively. Our results revealed that addition of the organic wastes to soil led to a highly diverse microbial community, but the excessive amounts of organic and mineral fertilizer applied in the greenhouse fields produced excess nutrients in soil and led to simplification on bacterial populations.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제11권11호
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• pp.1149-1156
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• 2002

The ecological characteristics of Dolbae trees, a valuable genetic resource for native pyrus fruit trees, were investigated at four naturally inhabited areas on Mount Kaya, Gyeongsangnam-Do. Most Dolbae trees were found on the southwest side of an old hiking path to a mountain valley at altitudes of 610∼670 m. The surrounding flora consisted of 46 families, 69 genera, 75 species, and 10 varieties. The natural habitat of the Dolbae trees was basically a deciduous broad-leaved forest with a predominance of Quercus serrata and ligneous plants(xylophytes) from the Fagaceae and Betulaceae families. The habitat was also found to be in a second transition resulting from forest disturbance and exhibited a degree of diversity of 2.901-5.065, based on Shannon-Weiner's index. Examination of the Dolbae trees found in Mount Kaya revealed diameter breast heights(DBHs) ranging from 10 to 60 cm, including six old and large Dolbae trees with a DBH of 50∼60 cm, which will be particularly valuable as a genetic resource. Accordingly, the current results suggest that the study areas are a secondary forest in a typical mid-temperate zone resulting from forest damage about 10 years earlier.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.760-770
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• 2023

Continuous cropping obstacles have become a serious factor restricting sustainable development in modern agriculture, while companion planting is one of the most common and effective methods for solving this problem. Here, we monitored the effects of companion planting on soil fertility and the microbial community distribution pattern in pepper monoculture and companion plantings. Soil microbial communities were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing technology. Companion plants included garlic (T1), oat (T2), cabbage (T3), celery (T4), and white clover (T5). The results showed that compared with the monoculture system, companion planting significantly increased the activities of soil urease (except for T5) and sucrase, but decreased catalase activity. In addition, T2 significantly improved microbial diversity (Shannon index) while T1 resulted in a decrease of bacterial OTUs and an increase of fungal OTUs. Companion planting also significantly changed soil microbial community structures and compositions. Correlation analysis showed that soil enzyme activities were closely correlated with bacterial and fungal community structures. Moreover, the companion system weakened the complexity of microbial networks. These findings indicated that companion plants can provide nutrition to microbes and weaken the competition among them, which offers a theoretical basis and data for further research into methods for reducing continuous cropping obstacles in agriculture.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.239-244
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• 2004

In this review, we present the results of our ten years of study on beef cattle production as a means of preserving phytodiversity and landscape in the semi-natural grasslands of the Aso region of Japan. There are about 16,000 ha of semi-natural grasslands in the region. The grasslands are maintained for animal production through such activities as grazing, mowing, and controlled burning. The Shannon's diversity index values, as measured in the present study, were higher in the grazed sites than in the abandoned sites. The grazing activities thus seem to create suitable habitats for coexisting herbaceous species. The grassland grazed moderately over a long term was able to sustain more animals than the grassland unused over a long term.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.359-365
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• 2002

The qualitative and quantitative composition of the phytoplankton of the coastal waters off Vladivostok during the period 1991-1994 was studied. The following trends in the phytoplankton composition with decreasing distance from the source of eutrophication were revealed: 1) total density and bio-mass increased; 2) the density of the diatom Skeletonema costatum, which reflects a decrease in the Shannon-Weaver species diversity index during the summer microalgal bloom, increased significantly; and 3) the density of the non-diatom component of the phytoplankton increased.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.427-434
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• 2011

This study characterized the full range of vegetation in a upland wetland (marshland) in Korea. Classified community types were used to describe vegetation at the marshland and adjacent areas. The communities contained 44 species of vascular plants and all species were identified into four plant community types. The Rhododendron yedoense f. poukhanense type and Lespedeza cyrtobotrya type had a high representation infacultative upland species (FU) and obligate upland species (OU), respectively. The monocot type was dominant in marshland by Miscanthuns saccharifloruc and contained 14 species. Together the three areas contained four species, with the strongest indicator species being Ranunculus acris var. nipponicus, Rhododendron yedoense f. poukhanense, Hemerocallis fulva, and Miscanthuns sinensis var. purpurascens. Shannon-Weaver index of diversity also varied among the community types (F = 18.9, df = 2), with the types FU having significantly higher value (3.467) than the others (1.125 for type FW and 1.239 for type OU).