• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.162-170
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• 2016

자비에 돌란의 모성과 성적(性的) 정체성에 천착하는 작품들의 영화적 시도와 실험은 어렵거나 낯설지만은 않다. 기존 영화의 양식과 형식을 해체하거나 파괴하기보다는 우리가 기억 하는 친숙한 영화나 시, 패션, 음악, 미술 등의 상호텍스트성 기법인 패스티시와 자기반영성을 통해 소통하고 있기 때문이다. 또한, 그는 작품에서 거듭 반복되는 포스트모더니즘의 특징들이라 할 수 있는 탈(脫) 장르, 탈 주체, 대중문화에 대한 관심, 과거에 대한 향수의 재현으로 말을 건넨다. 본 연구에서는 일종의 유행처럼 지나갔다고 여겨진 포스트모더니즘의 현재를 재인식하고자 하고 자비에 돌란의 영화의 포스트 모더니즘적 특징과 반복적으로 사용된 모티프를 분석하고자 한다. 또한, 그의 작품에서 등장하는 인물들을 통해 소수자들에 대한 감독의 관심과 알레고리적 분석을 시도하고자 한다.

• 복식
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• 제52권8호
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• pp.41-54
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• 2002

This study discusses the beauty of the ideal body shown by fashion communication media, and explains how aesthetic aspects of, the body are being expressed in contemporary fashion. The beauty of the body may be considered as the beauty of sexual, controllable or consumable object. First. the most vigorously discussed point about the body is its sexual aspect, the most outstanding of which is the voluptuous and the androgynous beauty in contemporary fashion. Second, the body is an object which has been oppressed or controlled under the name of history. morality. and rationality. The things making us regard the body itself as an aesthetic object may be considered as dynamic and functional beauty Third, the sexual instinct and the body are fetishized as consumer goods, and women's bodies are presented as comsumer objects whose most parts could be restored to exchangeable value. The consumable beauty presented in contemporary fashion is the conspicuous beauty and the decadent beauty. So far, the various aspects of the beautiful body has been considered, based on the beauty of the ideal body shown by the fashion communication media. Man exists through on his body. but it is the embodied and formed body that serves as a means to manifest his social status and cultural ties. A natural body is reformed as a cultural phenomenon in various artificial ways. Popular culture has transmitted a series of new body image by creating and reproducing symbols and images, and has made the ideal body. Now there is not only one standard for the ideal beauty in our society. The standard of the beauty has changed continuously. There has been an aesthetic sense which can represent the times during the process of those changes. The various communication media have played a role of mirror reflecting those changes. The ideal body in contemporary times is no more an abstract media to express classical beauty, but an object directly affecting us, who are living in the crisis of subjectivity and identity.

• 미국학
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.179-202
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• 2018

This study approaches the novel from psychodynamic perspectives, where the narrative is woven into the strands of traumatic memories and past. Deriving from Julia Kristeva's discussion on melancholia, this paper discreetly examines Hata as a melancholic, who is unaware of what he has lost and even that he has lost. Racially abject but in defiance of his separation from 'the mother,' Hata introjects loss as his own subjectivity. The insoluble void causes him to wander through the bravado of belongingness, which he eventually transforms into Sublimation. This paper reads that Hata finally faces his own black sun, deviating from his earlier gesture life; thus, the novel becomes a successful case study of the melancholic. However, female bodies are at stake, subsumed under Hata's sexual perversion. The novel renders trauma behind the fragmented narrative of an Asian American man at the expense of consuming morbid 'feminine' bodies physically and psychologically.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권9호
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• pp.510-520
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• 2018

본 연구는 이성애규범주의를 기반으로 하는 사회문화적 맥락 내에서 이성애여성이 남성동성애만화를 수용하는 현상을 여성심리학 관점에서 고찰하였다. 먼저, 남성동성애만화의 국내 전개 과정과 확산 현황을 탐색하였다. 다음으로는 남성동성애만화의 장르적 특성에 대한 쟁점, 남성동성애만화 독해의 심리적 기제와 과정, 그리고 남성동성애만화 수용의 기능과 효과를 논의하였다. 이론적 분석틀로서 고전적 정신분석학을 출발점으로 하여 주요 페미니즘 이론, 퀴어이론, 그리고 Huizinga의 호모루덴스 개념을 비판적으로 채택하였다. 연구결과를 보면, 남성동성애만화는 이성애여성을 위한 로맨스로서 영원한 사랑과 평등한 애정관계라는 소망을 성취해주는 판타지로 장르화 된다. 이성애여성은 남성동성애만화를 통해 이성애가부장제로부터 심리적 탈맥락화를 실현하며, 텍스트 속 캐릭터와 분리되어 관음적 욕구를 채우기도 하고, 또는 젠더전복적 동일시를 통해 이분법적 성별 체계를 교란시키는 시도를 하기도 한다. 이러한 심리적 과정은 성 엄숙주의에 도전하는 유희로 간주될 수 있으며, 궁극적으로 여성의 성적 주체성에 대한 자각을 강화시킨다고 하겠다.

• 영어영문학
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.693-718
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• 2009

Kate Burns, a disillusioned Irish woman in Quetzalcoatl, has alternating feelings of fear, repulsion, oppression, compassion, and fascination vis-à-vis Mexican people. Together, these feelings are constitutive of a psychic process in which an imaginary appropriation of the other takes place. In this process white subjectivity represents or reconstructs the dark race precisely as its other. At the same time, Kate's feelings register her anxious recognition of the resistant, unappropriated being of the dark people: their true 'otherness,' or what Žižek calls "the excess of existence over representation." The otherness, frequently racial and sexual, evokes mixed feelings in the white subject. Kate's at once amorous and aggressive response to Ramón's body provides a case in point. Kate's emotional undulation is considerably mitigated in The Plumed Serpent, the revised version of the novel in which the theme of 'blood-mixing' is pushed to the ultimate point. Yet the interracial marriage resolves neither the racial nor the ontologico-sexual issues raised in the first version. Kate is still attracted to Ramón in his sagacious sensuality but goes on to get married to Cipriano, a pure Indian, only to find his mechanical masculinity ever unpalatable. This shows, not just Lawrence's wilful commitment to the 'blood-mixing' theme, but perhaps his lingering taboo against miscegenation as well. Changes in the plot entail those in the narrative voice. In Quetzalcoatl, Owen, a spectatorial and gossipy character, frequently competes for narration with the fully participant third-person narrator. In The Plumed Serpent, the third-person narrator becomes predominant, now attempting with greater confidence to present the reality of the racial other immediately to European readership. While such immediacy is illusional, narrative insistence on it implies a struggle to displace racial stereotypes and offer an experiential understanding of the other.

• 한국언론정보학보
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• 제27권
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• pp.63-91
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• 2004

이 연구는 한국 언론의 젠더담론을 살펴보기 위해 ${\ll}$조선일보${\gg}$ ${\ll}$한겨레신문${\gg}$을 사회면에 실린 여성관련 범죄뉴스의 프레임을 분석하였다. 스트레이트 기사형식을 선호하는 사회면의 범죄기사는 대부분 일화 중심적 뉴스 프레임을 취하고 있었다. 일화 중심 프레임의 기사들이 피해 여성의 이미지를 형성하는 프레이밍 기제들은 가해자 중심의 서술 및 여성 피해자의 타자화, 남성필자의 가부장적인 시선, 선정적 묘사, 여성의 신체적 취약성과 수동성 강조, 피해자 여성 비난하기 등이었다. 주제 중심적 프레임 기사의 특성은 선정성 부각과 함께 사회구조 탓하기와 구체적 대안의 부재로 분석되었다. 후속보도가 이어진 하양피살사건에 대한 사례분석의 결과에 의하면, 사건의 내용이 바뀌었음에도 불구하고 사건발생 초기에 설정된 흥미위주의 여성에 대한 선정적 프레임은 지속되었으며, 이는 한국언론의 내재된 여성관을 확인시켜주는 대표적 사례였다. 이러한 결과는 선정성을 강조하는 언론의 상업주의적인 태도와 경직된 취재보도체제에 비롯되며, 특히 남성편향적인 프레임들은 경찰발표를 그대로 받아쓰는 관행적인 뉴스제작 관습과, 남성기자와 남성적인 뉴스조직의 가치판단에 의해서 형성된다. 두 신문은 정치적 노선의 차이에도 불구하고 여성을 다루는 방식에서 여성문제에 대한 무관심을 드러내는 동시에 가부장적인 여성관을 보여준다. 이는 우리사회의 보수세력과 진보세력의 담론 모두가 남성적 담론으로서 여성은 담론상의 위치에서 사회적 약자로서 소외되고 있음을 반증한다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.271-286
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• 2000

This study is designed to investigate what elders think about the meaning of aging. We have used Q-methods to identify meaning of aging from elders, and developed self-referenced surveys to analyze characteristics In this study, we used a non-structured method to select Q sampling. From 183 Q populations, we selected 36 Q sampling. A total of 32 persons sixty-years or older were randomly selected for P samples, When the Q-sorting was complete, we interviewed the participants at both end of the extremes(agree or disagree), and documented their responses. We used PC QUANL to process the data and used principal component analysis for Q factor analysis. There were five subjective types for the meaning of aging by elders. Of the 32 P-samples of elders, 11 were identified as Type 1, 7 as Type 2, 2 as Type 3, 8 as Type 4, and 4 as Type 5. Type 1 : 'Matured elders' Elders wished the well being of their children, thought older persons should maintain good health, worried about becoming senile, and dependent God believing in life after death. Type 2 : 'Assertive-Rights' Elders categorized as Assertive-Rights insisted on their rights to life as a person. Type 2 elders characterized themselves as people who should keep themselves healthy, become weak and lack sexual desires, act selfish like a child, need to be protected, and be financially independent. Type 3 : 'Passive-Dependents' Elders characterize themselves as those who pray for their children's well being, worry about the children even after their death. and becoming senile. Type 4 : 'Hopeless' The 'Hopeless' type of elders characterized aging as a time to pray for their children, insignificant beings, thoughts were selfish and child-like, poor, worried about going senile, regret their life overall, and preferred to die than to live as an old person. Type 5 : 'Attached-Present' The 'Attached-Present' type of elders thought elderly characterized themselves as acting selfish and child-like, wiser, anxious, regret their life, stand aloof of greed and worldly things, being a model for the society, and deserving to be treated with filial respect. Thus far, Korean elders seemed to have a positive and negative meaning of aging due to the current changes in the society, value system, and family structures. The above five subjective meanings of aging confirm that we need to approach and nurse the elderly differently. Years of aging are a part of and a natural process of life with various physical, psychological, and sociological changes. Nurses need to assist elderly to find the positive meaning of their life by providing appropriate physical, psychological, and social support at an earlier stage in nursing. Based on this study, we could derive the following two implication from the perspectives of science of nursing to care for elders. 1) Based on the studies investigating the type of meaning of aging, we could develop tools to assist in nursing intervention programs for elderly. 2) Based on research on the meaning of aging for different developmental stages of life, we could develop a model for roles for different family members in nursing and caring for the elders.

• 영어영문학
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.301-322
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• 2008

Pauline Hopkins's Of One Blood; Or, the Hidden Self was published in the Colored American Magazine during 1902-03. As a literary experimentalist and a political protester, Hopkins uses her fiction as a medium to overcome and ameliorate the violently racialized surroundings of the turn-of-the-century America. Having been faced with racist rhetorics and theories growing on biological differences between races, Hopkins must have felt an overwhelming urgency to challenge the heritage of slavery in American history. In order to speak out her political agenda in such a milieu, she needed a new setting as well as new narrative materials for the new era. She had to move the setting from America to Africa, the ancient utopian Ethiopia; her interest in the ancient African civilization reflects both a popular African-American vision of Africa and the movement of "black nationalism" of the time. She also needed materials from nineteenthcentury sciences, the newly evolving theories of psychology and mysticism (spiritualism/mesmerism), to explore the meaning of "the hidden self" which unfolds the complex nature of Hopkin's position on race, "blood," and African-American racial subjectivity. Hopkins in the novel explores not the color line but the bloodline. Tracing the horrific legacy of incest in the history of slavery, she attempts to redefine the true racial identity of African-Americans in America and to reconstruct their past, both family and race history. At the very center of her major tropes in the novel-such as "of one blood," "the hidden self," and incest-exists female body. Black female body, though it represents the violent site of sexual body (rape and incest) in slavery, ultimately becomes a vehicle to convey and preserve the truth of racial memory/past/history for African-Americans. As a conveyor of the past, black women not just connect the past and the present but also reawaken AfricanAmericans with the legacy of the African 'pure' bloodline. Hopkins's vision here necessitates the reevaluation of black women's role in family and history, heralding the 20th-century black feminine writing. With the major tropes, Hopkins clearly suggests that the blood of (African-)Americans is unrecognizably intermixed. Although the novel ends with ambivalence and without resolution on what Africa signifies, those tropes certainly offer her a vehicle for criticizing as well as for challenging the racial reality of America.