• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.42 no.1
• /
• pp.41-47
• /
• 2009

The seasonal reproductive cycle of Gomphina melanaegis collected in the coastal area of Jumunjin, between April 2006 and March 2007, was analyzed. Maturation cycle parameters such as the gonad index (GI), ovarian egg diameter, frequency of developmental stages, protein content, and RNA/DNA variation in the gonads were analyzed monthly for the 40 samples. According to the indices from histological sections, the frequency of gonad developmental stages, and the oocyte diameter, this clam has a long-term partial spawning pattern from March to October. However, GI and nucleic acid values showed that the mature stage is from March to July and that the main spawning season is August. The peak RNA and DNA contents were good indicators of sexual maturation in females and males, respectively. The variation in protein content corresponded with the RNA/DNA ratios.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.54 no.1
• /
• pp.141-157
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study is to clarify the style of romanticism in fashion. Romanticism is advocating the conception called the respect of diversity and individuality in the modern society dominated by postmodernism trying to accept the various values.. In this study, the characteristics of romanticism are examined through the bibliographies on philosophy, aesthetics, architecture and art. In fashion. 19C is based on the costume history books and pictures. The characteristics of romanticism in literature and art which are applied to fashion are sensuality, ornament, exoticism and complexity. On the basis of these characteristics, the 19C fashion of romanticism are analyzed as follows. ㆍ Sensuality to emphasize sexual region of woman's body and to make ‘X’ silhouette is through exaggeration and exposure. This is the characteristic to relieve femininity. ㆍ Ornamentation is expressed in the gorgeous color and the varied material. details and trimming to add the fantastic mood, and the accessory to express the aristocratic elegance. This is a very important characteristic that produces the fantastic and romantic mood. ㆍExoticism to express aspiration for East is expressed either in items or accessories imported from the East. or in exotic material and pattern. This is the characteristic of fashion to express the desire to escape from the reality in the mysterious mood. ㆍMingler is expressed, contrasting or harmonizing the various patterns, color, material in a fashion by the textile with the rich color and print of the various feeling and many trimming. This is the external characteristic of the romanticism fashion combined the experimental mind of the technical progress with the romantic trend in those days. These characteristics of romanticism fashion in the 19th century presented with the various phenomena by working complexly rather than independently.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.39 no.5
• /
• pp.641-655
• /
• 2015

This study examined the ideal image and fashion of Korean women in the 1970s from a socio-cultural context. This study used information on the 1970s politics, economy, and culture provided by "Chosun Ilbo" and "Yosungjungang" as well as their presentation of the ideal image and fashion for Korean women in the 1970s. The ideal image and fashion of women were considered from the viewpoint of Hamilton's Meta-theory. The ideal image of women in the 1970s is divided into two aspects. The image from the traditional Confucian perspective was prevalent and restricted the lives of women to housekeeping chores. On the contrary, women have increasingly participated in society vis-$\grave{a}$-vis education and employment opportunities to present a progressive image of women. These aspects coexisted during the turmoil of social change. Progressive women had money to buy clothes because they were economically independent. These women embraced styles that included mini, midi, maxi, and bell-bottom pants. Further, pants were developed into different styles such as pant suits. T-shirts and blue jeans as casual wear were very popular among the youth. At the end of the 1970s, the tailored look and the big look (which copied men's clothing) were in fashion. Masculine styles such as wide shoulders with pads and neckties strengthened gender equality. Other fashions were dominated by feminine styles described as beautiful, sweet, and elegant that reflected Korean society's tendency to regard women as sex objects. Clothing that exposed the body highlights this sexual objectification aspect. Women wore miniskirts, hot pants, and bikinis because they wanted to enhance their sex appeal, propagating the view of women as sex objects. In conclusion, all aspects of society and culture were closely interrelated with a fashion style that reflected the values of those aspects.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.90-94
• /
• 2013

Background: This study was conducted to examine if basal luteinizing hormone (LH) levels could be useful for screening central precocious puberty (CPP) in girls. Methods: A total of 90 girls under the age of 8 years were included in this study. They underwent the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulation test at Good Gang-An Hospital from March 2008 to December 2012 for evaluation of premature sexual development. Patients were classified into two groups: the pubertal response group of patients who had 5 IU/L peak LH levels in the GnRH stimulation test, and the prepubertal response group of patients who had LH levels <5 IU/L. Chronological and bone ages, height, weight, body mass index, gonadotropin response to GnRH stimulation, and basal levels of LH, follicle-stimulating hormone, and estradiol were studied in both groups. The relationship between basal LH and peak-stimulated LH was evaluated using Spearman's correlation. To determine the optimal cut-off values of basal LH levels for differentiating between two groups, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were analyzed. Results: When the correlation between basal LH levels and peak LH after GnRH stimulation was analyzed in all subjects (N=90), basal LH levels had a statistically significant positive correlation with peak stimulated LH levels (rs=0.493, p<0.001). The cut-off level of optimal basal LH was 0.1 IU/L, according to the ROC curves. Its sensitivity was 73.3%, and its specificity was 77.8%. Conclusion: The study results showed that serum basal LH levels are useful for screening CPP in girls.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.31 no.5
• /
• pp.47-63
• /
• 2013

This study deals with a counseling case in which a mother requested counseling due to the problems of her daughter, who suffers from multiple tic disorder. The participants of this study included five family members (grandmother, father, mother and two female children) and a total of 23 sessions were held from September 2006 to December 2007. Additional counseling ($24^{th}$ counseling session) was conducted on April 1st, 2009. The data was based on recorded transcripts and notes from 24 family therapy sessions. The study used a constant comparative analysis, which uses matrix and network display as an analysis method suggested by Miles&Huberman(1994). The characteristics of the family of origin and the indifference of the husband had caused the wife stress. The couple had frequent conflicts due to dysfunctional communication methods, a clash of values, sexual dissatisfaction, and a lack of communication. This marital conflict became the primary factor of the daughter's multiple tic disorder. Intervention of the family therapist resulted in the setting of treatment goals based on MRI's communication theory and Bowen's family systems theory in order to solve the problem of the daughter's multiple tic disorder. Also, the therapist's intervention techniques included exploring experiences with the family of origin, shedding light on the multigenerational transmission process, exploring dysfunctional attempts at solutions, the therapist's self-disclosure, providing similar cases, dealing with resistance, and suggesting a new communication method. To solve the problem, the therapist helped the family separate the daughter spatially from her parents. Therefore, the therapist's intervention helped reduce the daughter's tics and improve relationships among the family.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.234-241
• /
• 2019

Objective: To investigate the physical therapists' actual experience of workplace violence and examine its relationship with depression, burnout, subjective health status, and job and life satisfaction. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: The level of workplace violence was assessed using the Korean Workplace Violence Scale composed of 24 questions in the following 4 subscales of workplace violence. Depression was assessed using the Korean version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Burnout was assessed using the Korean version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey, which is a 5-item scale. Subjective health status was measured on a 5-point scale. Job and life satisfaction was measured based on the assessment tool used in the World Values Survey. Results: There was a significant correlation between the three subscales of workplace violence and health indicators, including depression, subjective health status, job and life satisfaction (p<0.05). The organizational protective system subscale showed a significant negative correlation with depression and a positive correlation with subjective health status as well as job and life satisfaction (p<0.05). The area of 'psychological and sexual violence from customers' showed a significant moderate correlation with depression and job satisfaction (p<0.05). Also, there was a negative correlation that was significant between depression and subjective health status, job satisfaction, and life satisfaction (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study suggested that future studies should continue to investigate and reveal the causal relationships between workplace violence and physical therapists' health indicators.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.26 no.9
• /
• pp.1308-1319
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this is to analyze the aesthetics characteristics of our modern sports fashion, and thereby, discuss them in the light of the overall mentality or the 20th century, and thus, present the conditions or sports fashion design meeting modem people's divers aesthetics values and desired. Modern sports fashion sues can be categorized into futurist sports style, erotic sports style and American sheet sports style. And the 20th century mentality characterized by changes of lifestyle, identity and aspiration has influenced the aesthetic features of such sports fashion sues, which can be summed up as follows; first, the futurist sports style applies the functional items and details of active sportswear to design, while heralding a positive and hopeful message of technology and future by using the material of hi-tech functions and senses. This sports style was affected much by shift from social status, attraction and wealth to demonstration of state-of-the-art science, pursuit of functionality in terms of shapes and materials, convenience through See combinations of sportswear items or design elements. Second, the erotic sports style based on minimalism attempted to express the erotic body beauty indirectly by exposing some parts of body or using the material pressed against the body. This sports style was closely related with the changes of sexual identity such as neutral sexualism, bi-sexualism and homo-sexualism. Lastly, the American street sports style was born from black Americarns' sports and dances. This spors style pursues “youth” beyond TPO concept As mass media and commercial sports developed, the young generation copied sports stars' uniforms or fashions to share honor, wealth and youth with them. In sort, the American sheet sports style was affected much by the so-called “heroism”. Such a changed object of aspiration influenced the aesthetic characteristics of American shot sports style directly.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.44-47
• /
• 2002

The effects of Eurycoma longifolia Jack on masculine copulatory behaviour were studied in the middle aged male Sprague-Dawley rats, 9 months old and retired breeders after dosing them with 500 mg/kg twice daily for 10 days prior to test. The test lasted for 30 minutes after a 20 minute adaptation period, was carried out on the 11th day during the dark phase of the light-dark cycle (2000-0700 hours) and in subdued light, using a modified copulation cage but with the presence of a piece of mirror of appropriate size to facilitate observation. Results showed that the mean values of EL-1, EL-2 and EL-3 of the control middle aged male rats were 103.20 sec, 91.21 sec and 80.00 sec but were significantly (p<0.05) increased to 118.40-120.20 sec, 101.24-171.28 sec and 100.42-110.21 sec respectively in the methanol-chloroform, methanol-butanol-water and methanol-butanol treated middle aged male rats. However, further results also showed that PEI-1 and PEI-2 of the control middle aged male rats were 182.30 sec and 257.2 sec but were significantly (p<0.05) decreased to 100.42-121.31 sec and 40.21-132.31 sec respectively in the methanol-chloroform-butanol-water and methanol-butanol treated middle aged male rats. In conclusion, this study showed that although E. longifolia Jack continued to enhance the sexual activity of the middle aged male rats by extending the duration of coitus and decreasing the refractory period between the different series of copulation, but to a smaller degree as compared to sexually active, adult male rats (Ang and Sim, 1997).

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.249-266
• /
• 1996

AIDS and the spectrum of Human Immunodeficiency Virus(HIV) infections present a monumental challenge to the health of the Korean public. In response to this special challenge, I think public education and voluntary behavior changes are the most effective measures to fight the spread of the disease. Adolescents represent a critical risk group for prevention and intervention programming. Research indicates sexually active adolescents, homosexual contact, illicit drug use are an gradually increasing. These characteristically adolescent risk-taking behaviors suggest the need for schools and communities to mobilize intervention strategies. Schools are highly efficient ways to reach a majority of young people in Korea with HIV prevention programs. These programs include substantial attention to sexual and drug use behaviors with the long term objective of a multidimensional school health program. Information resulting from risk behavior surveillance activities and guidance on school health curricula is particularly useful. What is needed for adolescents is a revamping of education to give students the critical thinking and analytic skills that allow them to apply knowledge, make decisions, and think independently. The best HIV preventive education provides young people with opportunities to learn and practice just those skills. In the early stages of HIV education were focused solely on information. Providing information is easy but unfortunately, behavior change is not that simple to activate. Information must be combined with values exploration and skilly building, including responsible decision making, negotiation, refusal, and critical thinking skills. The same knowledge, attitudes and skills needed for effective HIV prevention also prevent or reduce other risks, including other sexually transmitted diseases, unwanted pregnancies, and alcohol or other drug use. The role of other youth serving organizations in HIV prevention is also important: parental and youth involvement is needed; it's important to presidential and governament leadership is essential to prevention education; promote integrated adolescent programs, to enhance health and education sector collaboration; and of course, we need to expand research on adolescent health and engage the media in health promotion. Among these changes, a school-based systematic health education of AIDS is certainly one of the essentials.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.17 no.7 s.87
• /
• pp.877-881
• /
• 2007

The genetic diversity and population structure of Potentilla freyniana in Korea were determined using genetic variations at 19 allozyme loci. Thirteen of the 19 loci (68.4%) showed detectable polymorphism. Genetic diversity at the population level was high ($H_{EP}$ = 0.270). Total genetic diversity values ($H_T$) varied between 0.190 and 0.584, giving an average overall polymorphic loci of 0.371. The interlocus variation of genetic diversity within populations ($H_S$) was high (0.354). On a per locus basis, the proportion of total genetic variation due to differences among populations ($G_{ST}$) ranged from 0.008 for Fe-2 to 0.310 for Gpi with a mean of 0.065, indicating that about 6.5% of the total allozyme variation was among populations. Wide geographic ranges, perennial herbaceous nature and the persistence of multiple generations are associated with the high level of genetic variation in P. freyniana. The estimate of gene flow based on $G_{ST}$, was high among Korean populations of P. freyniana (Nm =3.57). Although P. freyniana usually propagated by asexually-produced ramets, I could not rule out the possibility that sexual reproduction occurred at a low rate because each ramet may produce terminal flowers.