• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.26-36
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to examine the concept of modern consumer society and to analyze how the meaning of postmodern-feminism is consumed into what image of preference in fashion. The function of modern society has changed into the system which is centered around consumption from the one that emphasizes labor and production of mass consumption age by mass production. In this consumer society, consumption means just not to waste of production but to consume the commodity sign reflected on the desire of a moderner. In other words, it means what is consumed will be the meaning, preference, symbol, and image mood not goods itself with physical feature. Existing feminism has affected by postmodernism. Due to that, postmodern-feminism has developed, taking to pieces the paternal argument since the late 1960s. It has tried to give up hope this idea, regarding sex distinction as a socially organized category contrary to women's identity of biological aspect suppressed in the paternal system of value. Especially it has demanded only one type on sex should be translated into a distinctive quality, multiple meaning, and sex. Accordingly in modern fashion, this aspect is expressed like the followings : distinction into women's image evaded fixation, multiple meaning into image of androgyny, multiple sex into that of mixture. And this is used as the image of symbolic goods, also the purpose of brand difference.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.116-135
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• 1994

China's population and family planning program has heen successful. Women's fertility as measured by total fertility rate (TFR) has declined from 5.8 in 1970 to 2.3 in 1990, accordingly the annual crude birth rate(CBR) has declined from 34 per thousand in 1970 to 21 per thousand in 1989, and the annual natural growth rate from 2.6 percent in 1970 to 1.4 percent in 1989 (Coale and Chen, 1987; SSB, 1991; Gu, 1994). While this is indeed an astonishing achievement for a developing country to have its fertility down to replacement within a short period, some new issues emerging along with the rapid fertility decline require careful considerations. One of them is the uprising of the sex ratio at birth in China. The 1990 population census reported the sex ratio at birth in China of 113.8 in 1989, which is ohviously much higher than the acceptable level of normal ratio around 106. It has received since then a lot of tention in China and abroad, among demographic professionals and governmental agencies alike (Hull, 1990; Johansson and Nygren, 1991; Xuand Guo, 1991; Tu, 1993; Gu and Xu, 1994; among others). Based on the available demographic data and research results this paper will first have a review of the patterns and trends of sex ratio at birth in China, then turn to the immediate causes of abnormal sex ratio at birth and the determinants of the son preference, followed with a conceptual framework for understanding of the phenomenon, and finally the policy implications and recommendations will be discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.27
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• pp.75-86
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• 1996

The objectives of this study were to classify the T-shirts color preferences and to examine how T-shirts color preferences and appearances satisfaction vary according to sex school and extroversion. Questionnaire was comprised of four sections: 8 Likert type items of T-shirts color preference: 10 Likert type items of appearance satisfaction: 10 Likert type items of extroversion : and 2 demographic variables. Samples were 335 high school and college students in Kwangju Korea. The data were analyxed using factor analysis and three-way ANOVA. The results of the study were the followings 1. Three segments of T-shirts color preferences derived from factor analysis :F.1 'warm' F. 2 'dark' F.3 'commonplace' 2. Women in high extroversion group liked red color better than men and low extroversion group 3. There were not significant differences in blue and orange color preference according to sex school and extroversion. 4. Therer was interaction effect between sex and school on dark blue color preference. Women liked dark blue color better than did men. 5. Men liked green color better than did women. 6. Women and college students liked pink color better than did men and high school students. 7. College students liked yellow color better than high school students. 8. Men and middle level extroversion group liked purple color better than did women and high and low extroversion group. 9. Men and high level extroversion group had more appearance satisaction than women and low extroversion.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to identify the differences in shopping orientation and clothing benefit sought of a group of consumers according to the preference for fast-fashion. Data were collected from a questionnaire conducted on 416 female adults. The results were as follows. First. the factor analysis used to identify shopping orientation involved the following five factors: hedonic. economic. convenient. brand-oriented. and relation-oriented. The dimensions of the clothing benefit sought consisted of fashion. social status. practicality. figure flaw compensation. and sex appeal. Second. the differences in shopping orientation and clothing benefit sought according to the preference for fast-fashion were identified using a t-test. The consumer group preferring fast-fashion exhibited a hedonic. convenient shopping orientation. and the non-preferring group exhibited an economic. brand-oriented shopping orientation. The consumer group preferring fast-fashion pursued fashion and sex appeal clothing benefits. and the non-preferring group pursued social status and practicality clothing benefits.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.28 no.3_4
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• pp.387-395
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• 2004

This research was designed to investigate the effect of hand and sensibility image on the preference to textiles for jacket. 85 subjects majored in fashion design were surveyed and 10 kinds of fabrics used as specimen at each season. Factor analysis, t-test, Pearson correlation, regression were used for statistical analysis by SPSS WIN 11.0. The results of this study were as follows; 1. In Spring\ulcornerFall season, 6 factors were extracted as hand factor and 2 factors as sensibility factor of textiles for jacket. 2. 6 factors were extracted as hand factor and 2 factors as sensibility image in Summer. 3. 6 factors were extracted as hand factor and 2 factors as sensibility image in Winter season. 4. There were significant differences according to sex between hand factor and sensibility image at each season. 5. There were significant correlations between hand and sensibility image in Spring\ulcornerFall and Summer. 6. Hand and sensibility image were related to the preference to textiles for jacket in Spring and Winter.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.65-81
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to investigate children's conceptions about gender and the relation between gender conceptions and preference for gender related tasks. 130 children were interviewed about gender and gender related tasks. Data were analyzed with the component model of gender schema. Results indicated that children's gender schema in the attitudes domain was significantly different with age in all components but not different with sex. The gender schema in the knowledge domain was significantly different with age in within component and between component links, and with sex in the gender label-component and within component links. The difference between the gender inhibitory score and gender facilitative score was significantly different with age, sex, and children's gender schema. The findings that gender schema influenced the children's preferences for gender related tasks suggests a theoretical rationale of gender schema theory.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.29 no.7 s.144
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• pp.948-958
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• 2005

The purposes of this study were to segment adolescents into groups by family and school factors and to investigate the differences among the groups regarding body image and self-esteem. The study distributed the questionnaires to the adolescents who were middle and high school students in South Korea. The total respondents were 2240. The data were analyzed by factor analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, Duncan test, and $X^2-test$. Factor analysis showed that body image had four dimensions: appearance management, physical attractiveness, weight control, and the opposite sex fear. The cluster analysis showed that Korean adolescents were segmented into four groups (family preference/school preference group, family dissatisfaction/school dissatisfaction group, family average/peer competition group, family average/peer dissatisfaction group). The four groups were significantly different in regard to three dimensions of body image, self-esteem, and demographics. For example, the family preference/school preference group was most satisfied with their bodies, had a lowest opposite sex fear, and had a highest self·esteem. However, family dissatisfaction/teacher dissatisfaction group was most dissatisfied with their bodies, had a greatest interest in their appearance, and had a lowest self-esteem.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.105-114
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• 2005

The purpose of this study wasisto investigate the influence of attitude toward sex and body satisfaction in the on interest, preference, and buying intention of body exposed clothing among female university students. The Susubject were 397 female students from 3 different universities in Seoul. The instruments of this study wereconsisted of response scale and stimuli. Thirty-four four items on a of 5-point Likert scale were used to measure the attitude towards sex and body satisfaction The stimuli were 6 types of different body exposed clothing style on line drawing. The results were as follow; 1. Most female students were liberal in sexual attitude and had a high level of body satisfaction. Especially, younger students were more liberal than older students. 2. Designs with the greatest interest, preference and that were most interested in, prefer and had buying intention were Camisole, V-neckline and low-neckline designed clothes. 3. Attitude toward sexual value has a strong effect on interest, preference, and buying intention of body exposed clothing. And also ilneterest of body exposed clothing has more effect on buying intention than preference.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.247-257
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of interior color and product volume of clothing shop on consumer's store image and preference for a clothing shop. The research methodology was a survey questionnaire and the subjects were 516 university students in Daejeon, Korea. The measuring instruments were stimuli and self-administrated questionnaire. The stimuli were 7 pictures of clothing shop including interior color and product volume variables, and the self-administrated questionnaire consisted of semantic differential scales for store image, store preference, and subject's demographic attribution. The data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, MANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test, based on SPSS program The results were as follows: first, in clothing shop's interior colors affecting store image and preference for clothing shop, white color gave a casual, sophisticated, characteristic, and attractive image to the shops, and brown color gave an elegant, sophisticated image, while black color gave a sophisticated, uncomfortable image, and gray color gave a less positive image to them than other colors. Subjects preferred white, brown, and black color in the order. Second, clothing shop's products volume also affected consumers' store image and preference. Its small volume gave a more sophisticated, elegant image than other volume levels, and subjects preferred small and medium volume of clothing products to their large volume. Third, the effects of shop's interior color and clothes' product volume on store image were different depending on subject's sex. The results revealed that clothing shop's interior color and product volume are important VMD components affecting consumer's store image and preference, and consumer's sex has to be considered to understand the effects of VMD components on clothing shop image.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.137-147
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• 1985

The purpose of this study was to investigate 1) color concept development in preschool children, 2) general color preferences using colored parers, 3) specific color preference using colored chairs, and 4) to determine the relationships of sex and age to general color preference. The present experiment with materials developed through the pilot experiment, was conducted with 70 3, 4, and 5-year-old children attending the Child development research institute of Yonsei Univ. as subjects. Data were analyzed with SAS package using frequency, percentage, $\chi$\sup 2\-test, C\sup 2\ and visualized by SAS graph with tektronix 4113.