• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.371-373
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• 2004

A total of sixty 67 week-old Manina White strain laying hens were individually housed in cages to investigate feed consumption pattern during the day in relation to time of oviposition. Hourly feed intake and time of oviposition were recorded for each bird for seven days. Mean hourly feed intake of all hens showed a smaller peak at 10:00-12:00 and a larger peak at 17:00-19:00. There were no significant differences in amount of daily feed consumption and hourly eating pattern between egg-laying days and non-laying days. However, hens consumed about 10 g more feed (p<0.01) on egg-forming days (the day before oviposition) than on non-eggforming days. Hourly feed intake decreased prior to oviposition, but increased immediately during the time of oviposition. The peak consumption during the evening hours (17:00-19:00) was consistent regardless of the time of oviposition.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.99-107
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• 1979

In order to investigate the utilization of industrial waste and briquette ash for concrete production, briquette ash was used as fine aggregate for mortar production and three different kinds mortars were produced by mixing carbide and bottom aches with cement. These products were compared with mortar, produced by standard sand, in the respects of compressive, tensil and bending strengths. Further study on the economic aspect of utilization of briquette ash is needed but the results obtained from our preliminary study are summarized as follows : 1. The compressive strengths at the age of seven days of mortars, made of one to two ratios of cement to briquette ash, (cement+carbide ash) to briquette ash and(cement+bottom ash) to briquette ash were 70%, 61% and 58%, respectively, of the mortar made of standard sand. The compressive strengths of those mortars at the age of 28 days were 56%, 49% and 48% of the mortar made standard sand. 2. The compressive strengths at the age of seven days of the mortar made of one to two ratios of cement to briquette ash, (cement+carbide ash) to briquette ash and (cement+bottom ash) to briquette ash were 84%, 73%, and 70% of the mortar which was produced according to Korean Standard Value. The compressive strengths of those mortars at the age of 28 days were 85%, 73% and 73% of the mortar of the Korean Standard value. 3. The tensil strengths at the age of seven days of the mortars made of one to two ratios of cement to briquette ash, (cement+carbide ash) to briquette ash, and (cement+bottom ash) to briquette ash were 64%, 36%, and 36%, respectively, of the mortar of standard sand. The tensil strengths of those mortars at the age of 28 days were 70%, 47%, and 39%, respectively, of the standard mortar. The mortars made of one to two ratios of cement to briquette ash at the age of seven and 28 days were higher than the mortars of Korean Standard. The other mortars were 61 to 62% at the age of seven days and 75 to 90% at the age of 28 days of the Korean Standard mortar, respectively. 4. The bending strengths at the age of seven days of mortar made of one to two ratios of cement to briquette ash, (cement+carbide ash) to briquette ash, and (cement+bottom ash) to briquette ash were 46%, 53% and 50% of the mortar of standard sand. The bending strengths of those mortars at the age of 28 days were 90%, 77% and 69%, respectively of the mortar of standard sand. 5. The mortar of briquette ash which was lower in strengths compared with the mortar of cement have shown possibility of its secondary products of cement and concrete. The uses of briquette ash and industrial waste as construction materials would contribute toward solving various pollution problems caused by industrial wastes and saving labor costs needed to cleaning up. Furthermore, the effective use of briquette ash would greatly save the aggregate resources.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.71-85
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of periodic low-intensity exercise during hindlimb suspension on the mass, relative weight, myofibrillar protein content in soleus, plantaris and gastrocnemius muscles. To examine the effectiveness of periodic low-intensity exercise on mass, and myofibrillar protein content of hindlimb muscles, adult female Wistar rats were suspended(HS) and half of these rats walked on a treadmill for 45min/day(15 min every 4h) at 5m/min and a $15^{\circ}$ grade(HS-EX). Soleus wet weight was 33.51% significantly smaller(p<0.005) and relative soleus weight of hindlimb suspended rats was 31.96% smaller(p<0.005) compared with those of control rats following seven days of hindlimb suspension. Plantaris wet weight was 7.5% smaller(p<0.01) and relative plantaris weight was 11.83% smaller(p<0.05) compared with those of control rats following seven days of hindlimb suspension. Gastrocnemius wet weight was 11.31% significantly smaller(p<0.005) and relative gastrocnemius weight was 17.13% significantly smaller(p<0.005) compared with those of control rats following seven days of hindlimb suspension. Soleus wet weight while increased by relative soleus weight increased by 25.13%, 27.59% each through periodic low intensity exercise during hindlimb suspension(p<0.05, p<0.05). Plantaris wet weight and relative plantaris weight increased by 1.04%, 10.98%(p<0.05) each, and gastrocnemius wet weight and relative gastrocnemius weight increased by 1.98%, 12.02%(p<0.05) each through periodic low intensity exercise during hindlimb suspension. Wet weight of soleus, plantaris and gastrocnemius in HS-EX rats did not recover to control level. Myofibrillar protein content of soleus, plantaris and gastrocnemius was 48.24%, 40.85% and 37.33% significantly smaller(p<0.005) respectively compared with those of control rats following seven days of hindlimb suspension. Myofibrillar protein content of soleus, plantaris and gastrocnemius increased by 40.68%, 25.07% and 17.93%(p<0.005) each through periodic low intensity exercise during hindlimb suspension. Myofibrillar protein content of soleus, plantaris, and gastrocnemius in HS-EX rats did not recover to control level. The results suggest that periodic low intensity exercise can attenuate hindlimb muscle atrophy induced by hindlimb suspension.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.284-293
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• 2013

Purpose: For reconstruction of craniomaxillofacial defects caused by tumor, trauma, infection etc, free flap transplantation with microvascular surgery is a very useful method. Thrombus formation at the anastomosis site is the major cause of graft failure. 4-Hexylresorcinol (4-HR) is generally known as an antiseptic and antiparasitic agent. This study was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of 4-HR on blood coagulation in vitro. In addition, we investigated thrombus formation and endothelial repair of an injured vessel in an animal model. Methods: In the in vitro experiment, we compared blood coagulation time between the 4-HR treated group and normal blood. Thirty rats were used for in vivo animal experiments. After exposure of the right femoral vein, a micro vessel clamp was placed and the femoral vein was intentionally cut. Microvascular anastomosis was performed on all rats using 10-0 nylon under microscopy. The animals were divided into two groups. In the experimental group (n=15), 4-HR (250 mg/kg) mixed with olive oil (10 mL/kg) was administered per os daily. Animals in the control group (n=15) were given olive oil only. The animals were sacrificed at three days, seven days, and fourteen days after surgery and rat femoral vein samples were taken. Vascular patency and thrombus formation were investigated just before sacrifice. Histologic analysis was performed under a microscope. Results: Results of an in vitro blood coagulation test showed that coagulation time was delayed in the 4-HR treated group. The results obtained from an in vivo 4-HR administered rat model showed that the patency of all experimental groups was better at thirty minutes, seven days, and fourteen days after microvascular anastomosis than that of the control group at seven and fourteen days after anastomosis, and the amount of thrombus in the experimental groups was much less than that of the control group. Endothelial repair was observed in the histologic analysis. Conclusion: Findings of this study demonstrated that blood coagulation was delayed in the vitro 4-HR treated group. In addition, good vascular patency, anti-thrombotic effect, and repair of venous endothelial cells were observed in the vivo 4-HR administered rat group.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.22 no.2 s.26
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• pp.208-214
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• 1989

The protective effects of Panax Ginseng extract to oxygen toxicity of mice were studied under 5 ATA hyperbaric oxygen atmosphere. The findings observed are as follows: 1) Administration of Ginseng water extract manifested the prolonging survival time of mice to oxygen toxicity by hyperbaric oxygen atmosphere. After 18 hours of single Ginseng water extract administration and three days, seven days of consecutive Ginseng water extract administration showed the protective effect against oxygen toxicity. 2) Three days and seven days of consecutive Ginseng water extract administration showed the more efficient protective effect than single Ginseng Water extract administration. 3) Seven days of consecutive Ginseng water extract administration did not showed the more efficient protective effect than three days of consecutive Ginseng water extract administration.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.69-72
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• 2014

Objective : There was no abundance of data on the use of anticoagulant in patients with previous high risk of thromboembolic conditions under a newly developed intracranial hemorrhage in Korean society. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety of discontinuance and suggest the proper time period for discontinuance of anticoagulant among these patients. Methods : We reviewed the medical records of 19 patients who took anticoagulant because of thromboembolic problems and were admitted to our department with newly developed anticoagulation associated intracranial hemorrhage (AAICH), and stopped taking medicine due to concern of rebleeding from January 2008 to December 2012. Analysis of the incidence of thromboembolic complications and proper withdrawal time of anticoagulant was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results : Our patients showed high risk for thromboembolic complication. The $CHA_2DS_2$-VASc score ranged from two to five. Thromboembolic complication occurred in eight (42.1%) out of 19 patients without restarting anticoagulant since the initial hemorrhage. Among them, three patients (37.5%) died from direct thromboembolic complications. Mean time to outbreak of thromboembolic complication was $21.38{\pm}14.89$ days (range, 8-56 days). The probability of thromboembolic complications at 7, 14, and 30 days since cessation of anticoagulation was 0.00, 10.53, and 38.49%, respectively. Conclusion : Short term discontinuance of anticoagulant within seven days in patients with AAICH who are at high embolic risk ($CHA_2DS_2$-VASc score >2) appears to be relatively safe in Korean people. However, prolonged cessation (more than seven days) may result in increased incidence of catastrophic thromboembolic complications.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.457-462
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• 1997

The effects of continuous administration of tiletamine-zolazepam(T-Z) on the blood, liver and kidney of dogs were evaluated. The drug was repeatedly administered into ten mongrel dogs intramuscularly at dose of 10mg/kg for every seven days. Hematology(PCV, WBC, RBC, TP, Fibrinogen) and serum chemistry(ALT, AST, BUN, Creatinine) were monitored for 14 days postinjection. No significant changes in PCV values, total RBC counts and plasma total protein values was found. Total WBC counts and fibrinogen values were significantly increased from 2 days to 7 days postinjection. There was no significant change in ALT, AST, BUN and creatinine levels. All animals were euthanized and necropsied at 14 days postinjection. No gross lesion and pathologic lesion was found on liver and kidney in necropsy finding.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.453-455
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• 2005

Two young women were brought to the Emergency room with generalized tonic and clonic seizures. Seizure developed seven and ten days after delivery respectively without the clinical signs of pre-eclampsia throughout the pregnancies. Magnetic resonance(MR) image of the brain showed characteristically symmetrical abnormal signals in the parietal and occipital regions. After several days of medical treatment, they were discharged without neurologic sequelae and follow-up MR images taken three months after discharge showed complete disappearance of the previous abnormal signals.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.33-41
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• 2004

The purpose of the study was to analyze in process of circulation market boiled whale meat's rancidity. oxidative rancidity is oil or fat food depend on oxygen in air oxidative change in quality. boiled whale meat faty come to oxidative rancidity food stability and hygiene reasons for people health poisonous point out, however it is not indication study of support. Accordingly confirm lead into circulation process boiled whale meat's rancidity examination and microorganism examination boiled whale meat's stability whether or not. The result obtained were summarized as follows: 1. Proximate percentage of boiled whale meat(pectoral, pelvic, fin, flank) of moisture and crude lipid and crude protein from samples shown to be : moisture was pectoral 16.4%, pelvic 36.2%, fin 46.2%, flank 19.2%, crude lipid was pectoral 54.1%, pelvic 42.8%, fin 15.8%, flank 40.6%,crude protein was pectoral 29.4%, pelvic 20.5%, fin 29.5%, flank 28.6%. 2. The fatty acid composition of total lipid were composed of pectoral 27.2%, pelvic 28.9%, fin 33.3%, flank 23.4% of oleic acid and pectoral 12.7%, pelvic 11.1%, fin 11.3%, flank 14.0% of palmitic acid pectoral 10.8%, pelvic 7.9%, fin 7.6%, flank 2.1% of docosahexaenoic acid, pectoral 14.2%, pelvic 7.5%, fin 1.9%, flank 7.2% of eicosenoic acid, pectoral 5.1%, pelvic 5.7%, fin 4.4%, flank 5.7% of myristic acid, 16: 0 11∼14 % of high saturated fatty acid. generally most of 18: 1ω9 of boiled whale meat's each portion, 22:6 7∼12%, 20:5 1∼14% of polyenoic fatty acid. 18:3 showen to be 1% make an expection of pectoral and fin portion the total lipid were most of netural lipid's about 90%, monoenic fatty acid were most of 19∼22% of saturated fatty acid, 77∼80% of monoenic fatty acid level of 47∼56% of 18:1 16:1 was markelly high to those of total lipid. 3. The storage number days variation of oxidation were shown to be by stages process favorably the past days of boiled whale meat's acid value for 5days. pectoral the day 0.1, five days 1.3, pelvic the day 0.1, five days 1.6, fin the day 0.3, five days 0.7, flank the day 0.2, five days 0.4. 4. The sealer and wrapper the storage number days variation of boiled whale meat oxidation for 7days were shown to be a stage of sealing, the temperature of a room, pectoral the day 0.1 seven days 0.6, pelvic the day 0.1, seven days 1.3, fin.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.229-238
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• 1977

Sumithion and EPN residues on grapes, EPN and Diazinon on chinese cabbage, Parathion on peaches, Dimethoate on tomatoes, and EPN and Malathion on cucumber were analyzed in terms of 0, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 30 days after last application for the pesticides safty use. From the disappearance rate for various organo-phosphate insecticides on vegetables and fruit crops, following results are obtained. 1. On Chinese cabbage, Diazinon residues were 0.25~0.38p.p.m three weeks after one application, and EPN were 1.39~2.69p.p.m seven days after one application and 0.96~2.34p.p.m two weeks after twice application. 2. EPN residues on grapes were 1.09~1.80p.p.m seven days after one application and Sumithion were 0.17~0.53p.p.m fourteen days after one application. 3. On peaches, Parathion residues were 0.40~0.61p.p.m two weeks after last application. 4. Dimethoate residues on tomatoes were 0.141p.p.m seven days after four times application. 5. On cucumber, EPN residues were 2.11~2.14p.p.m three days after twice application, and Malathion were 0.46p.p.m 3 day after four times application but 0.062~0.025p.p.m three days after last application. 6. Rate of degradation of organo-phosphate chemicals is inversely related to half-life of its. 7. Minimum intervals between last treatment and harvest to prevent unsafty residues are as follows. 7 days for EPN with one application and 14 days with twice application on chinese cabbage, 3 days on cucumber and 7 days on grape, 14 days for parathion, 7 days for dimethoate on tomatoes, 0 to 3 days for Malathion on cucumber, 21 days for Sumithion on grape, 21 days on chinese cabbage for Diazinon.