• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.291-301
• /
• 2010

Today Korean clothing companies are experiencing difficulties in the global market due to unfavorable business conditions including poor production environments, labor shortage, rising costs, the further opening of the domestic distribution market, and increased competition among them. As a result, this has caused many of Korean clothing companies to transfer their production bases abroad in search of relatively inexpensive labor force, instead of using domestic plants. This study attempted to examine how Korean clothing companies perceive production environments and labor standards with regard to their offshore outsourcing. In such an attempt, in-depth interviews were conducted with 24 brand-name clothing firms. Those interviewed firms were the brands for the domestic or foreign market that were found to produce more than 200,000 pieces of clothing per year, and also the group of interviewees included some promotion service providers. The key findings from this study are as follows: First, a large number of the interviewed clothing companies were found to manage their foreign contract manufacturers by "visiting their factories regularly on a seasonal basis" or "stationing their personnel in factory for management purposes." Second, in relation to quality control in their foreign manufacturers, the most frequent response was to "have personnel stationed in those manufacturers." A smaller number of the clothing companies answered that they had "engaged their production management teams in quality control from time to time," or "used their inspectors to inspect products." Third, when asked about labor standards in foreign contract manufacturers, the largest number of the clothing companies responded, "we apply our own standards." The results of this study suggest that most of domestic clothing companies still use offshore sourcing just as a means of reducing their initial labor costs. However, in the continuously changing environment of the global clothing industry, clothing businesses are required to escape from the early phases of their manufacturing environments and set up more globalized standards.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.611-618
• /
• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate the perception of the management of food service in schools. The subjects consisted of 271 school dietitians in the Daegu and Gyeongbuk areas. The questionnaire included the food temperature management and the frequency of the food quality confirmation. The sanitation performance of the delivery workers was evaluated with a 5-point Likert scale. The food items for which the proper temperatures while they were being received were difficult to maintain were as follows: ready-to-use vegetables, 49.8%; frozen foods, 30.3%; and fish paste, 27.7%. The frequencies of the food quality confirmation whenever the foods were received were as follows: for beef, 87.5%; pork, 84.5%; chicken, 84.1%; eggs, 73.4%; seafood, 59.4%; and processed foods, 52.8%. The total mean score of the dietitian-perceived sanitation management performance of the delivery workers was 3.86/5.00. The school dietitians said the percentage of the mixed delivery of food items in vans was 80.4%. The percentage of the dietitians who thought this mixed delivery influenced food sanitation and quality was 92.3%. Therefore, safe foods should be supplied to schools with a thorough inspection process and hygiene education, and professional research is required on the appropriate inspection process.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.113-127
• /
• 2023

Background: Resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) may aid in understanding the link between painmodulating brain regions and the descending pain modulatory system (DPMS) in fibromyalgia (FM). This study investigated whether the differences in rs-FC of the primary somatosensory cortex in responders and non-responders to the conditioned pain modulation test (CPM-test) are related to pain, sleep quality, central sensitization, and the impact of FM on quality of life. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 33 females with FM. rs-FC was assessed by functional magnetic resonance imaging. Change in the numerical pain scale during the CPM-test assessed the DPMS function. Subjects were classified either as non-responders (i.e., DPMS dysfunction, n = 13) or responders (n = 20) to CPM-test. A generalized linear model (GLM) and a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were performed to check the accuracy of the rs-FC to differentiate each group. Results: Non-responders showed a decreased rs-FC between the left somatosensory cortex (S1) and the periaqueductal gray (PAG) (P < 0.001). The GLM analysis revealed that the S1-PAG rs-FC in the left-brain hemisphere was positively correlated with a central sensitization symptom and negatively correlated with sleep quality and pain scores. ROC curve analysis showed that left S1-PAG rs-FC offers a sensitivity and specificity of 85% or higher (area under the curve, 0.78, 95% confidence interval, 0.63-0.94) to discriminate who does/does not respond to the CPM-test. Conclusions: These results support using the rs-FC patterns in the left S1-PAG as a marker for predicting CPM-test response, which may aid in treatment individualization in FM patients.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
• /
• v.17 no.5
• /
• pp.57-73
• /
• 2011

This study was conducted to examine the overall perception of importance and possibility of Korean food and globalization of Korean food. Analyzing the factors influencing globalization of Korean food, this study suggests development strategies and basic data for globalization of Korean food and development of high skilled manpower. The survey was carried out from April 1, 2011 to April 30, 2011, targeting students majoring in foodservice, who will play a key role in globalization of Korean Food. Analysis methods included frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, factor analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The findings are summarized as follows: (1) Students recognized Korean food as a nutritionally balanced healthy food. (2) Standardization of Korean cuisine and food names was the most important. (3) Students were very interested in globalization of Korean Food. (4) Perception of Korean food and its globalization were significantly different according to the levels of education. (5) As a result of analyzing the effect on globalization, quality and healthfulness of Korean food had a positive effect on globalization of Korean food.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.19-32
• /
• 2011

This study compares the results of two Importance-Performance Analyses (IPA) on the convention destination images in Korea by meeting and exhibition planners. Meeting and convention planners carefully evaluate convention destinations by considering meeting room facilities, hotel service quality, safety/security, air transportation access and hotel room availability as the most important attributes of a convention destination. On the other hand, night life, exhibition facilities, scenery/sightseeing opportunities, food and lodging costs and restaurant facilities are considered as the least important attributes of a convention destination. The study revealed that convention destination attributes ranking is dynamic and continuous evaluation should be done to determine the current perception of the meeting and exhibition planners. Meeting and exhibition planners' importance grid of the convention attributes is dynamic and changed with the environment and needs of their clientele. In this study it was noted that the ranking for some attributes has dramatically changed.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.316-326
• /
• 2009

The purposes of this study were to identify the significance of a nutrition teacher, to analyze the importance of competence as a nutrition teacher and to evaluate the importance and difficulty for duties of nutrition teachers. The questionnaire was distributed to 554 preliminary teachers and a total of 468 usable data were collected with 84.5% of response rate from August to October 2006. The statistical data analysis was completed by using SPSS Win (ver. 10.0) for descriptive analysis, t-test, ANOVA and ${\chi}^2-test$. The results were as follows: Preliminary nutrition teachers expected that conversion of a school dietitian into a nutrition teacher could lead to systematic and constant nutrition education and come into synergic effect by doing meal service with nutrition education. For a teacher's competence, all three paradigms were perceived as important. It was evaluated to be high for a knowledge factor in the empirical analytic paradigm, a personality factor in the practical interpretive paradigm and an attitude factor in the critical emancipatory paradigm. And 'a knowledge for nutrition and sanitation (4.59)' and 'an ability to raise a self-management capacity for right food habit and dietary life (4.59)' were showed as most important in a nutrition teacher. It appeared that both important and difficult duties of nutrition teachers were nutrition education, nutrition counseling and sanitation quality of nutrition education; the most necessary solution was to develop a reference and program for nutrition education (37.4%). In conclusion, the systematic supports of district offices of education and associated institutions as well as sustained efforts of preliminary nutrition teachers for themselves should lead to establish a successful system of nutrition teachers.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2011

Objectives : This study was to investigate into company workers' oral scaling related factors and enhance a rate of oral scaling. Methods : From August 2010, self-administered questionnaires of the about general question items, oral health relation factors, knowledge of periodontal disease for oral scaling performed, in 267 people worker objects. Results : The followings are the findingd of this research. First, Oral scaling experiences were responded by 205 people(76.8%). Among those prevention the case which enforces with a goal periodically 6 month period 7.3% and the period of 1 years is 28.8%, be most inconvenient is cold(50.7%), with motive is dentistry visits inducement for tooth therapy which 51.2%, Non experience in oral scaling was responded by 62 people(23.2%), 45.2% of whom answered they had no necessity for such treatment. Second, Knowledge of periodontal disease is 'dental calculus and stain loses toothbrush quality did eagerly' incorrect one right answer ratio is highest with 86.5%, 'Becoming the adult being made to draw out tooth is periodontitis than decay' was incorrect one right answer rate was lowest with 62.9%. Third, The workers' sex, service field, one month average income, Currently the oral inconvenient presence, oral health Interest degree, tooth brushing method, knowledge of periodontitis have a significant effect on their oral scaling experience. Conclusions : When seeing with result of above, it is necessary of the oral scaling widely with the method which is various includes a mass communication by causing the changes in the perception of oral scaling. The dental hygienist is inconvenience from oral scaling experience have interest when is possible the patient comfortably, in order could be operated, endeavors demanded.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.43-54
• /
• 2016

Purpose: This study attempted to understand patients' and nurses' perspectives on the priority of rehabilitation nursing services using Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA). Methods: This study used descriptive research design. Data were collected from 121 patients and 144 nurses using self-reported questionnaires. Statistical analysis included an independent t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and IPA conducted using SPSS/WIN 21.0 version. Results: There were no statistical differences between the patients' and nurses' mean scores on perceptions of the importance (t=-0.83, p=.409) and performance (t=-0.32, p=.751) of rehabilitation nursing services. The IPA matrix showed a difference between patients and nurses in terms of their perceived priority of nursing services. Regarding the perception of patients, "helping a patient to continue to practice bedside physiotherapy and occupational therapy", "providing information on the proper care agency and community resources", and "providing education for the prevention of complications" fell in the "concetrate here" area (2nd quadrant). Conclusion: The results showed that the priorities of patients and nurses did not match in terms of some of the rehabilitation nursing services. Thus, rehabilitation nursing services need to be provided based on the patients' needs. Allocation of resources for the service items that fell in the "concentrate here" area of the IPA need be reconsidered for the quality in nursing care.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.503-511
• /
• 2012

Objectives : This research seeks to present the data needed for the development of coping strategy, following medical market opening by identifying dental hygienists' perspective and coping measures towards the opening. Methods : One hundred eighty-eight dental hygienists were targeted to identify their level of perception towards medical market opening, attitude towards medical market opening, question of whether they agree or not with the opening and reasons, and coping measures and benefits of the medical market opening. t-test, chi-square test and cross-tabulation analysis were used for the analysis Results : First, team leaders are more aware of the medical market opening and hold greater sense of crisis towards opening compared to the rank and file. Second, the reasons cited for agreeing with the medical market opening included improvement of medical services' quality and diversification of services. As for the reasons for disagreeing, they cited the increase medical expenses paid by public. Third, limitation of the hospital management technique was cited the most when it comes to the scope of Korean hospitals' management crisis, followed by the limitations of the diagnosis procedure, limitations of the medical services, limitations of the medical techniques and increase in the number of large hospitals, in the order cited. Fourth, team leaders perceive greater need to seek coping measures from the aspect of realizing medical insurance fee from the policy development, service and system level aspects when it comes to the coping measures depending on their ranks. Conclusions : Therefore, Dental Hygienist has a comparatively low awareness of medical market opening, coping measures need to be explored to cope with the medical market opening by ensuring the dissemination of accurate knowledge through the education on the fees for dental hygienist and seminars in relation to the medical market opening.

• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.19-40
• /
• 2007

In recent, T-commerce is widely dispersed as alternative type of commerce. It is forecasted that t-commerce system is used more than e-commerce system. Therefore more and more t-commerce-related industries are also recognizing that t-commerce is a critical business model. It is needed to understand the concept of t-commerce and develop the t-commerce marketing strategy. CEO analyses consumer's behaviors according to the data about buyers and applies the advantage of t-commerce to the communication with customers. This t-commerce system plays an important role in maximizing customer satisfaction and affecting their intention to reuse it. Therefore this paper attempts to identify T-commerce critical success factors and divide between use-intention group and unuse-intention group by taking out a discriminant function by the discriminant analysis. This lays a foundation in developing T-commerce strategy. According to the discriminant function extracted, convenience factor, amusement factor, system quality factor, product perception factor are significant in the sequence of influential degree. However, usefulness factor and speedy connection factor are not significant. In result, the target hitting rate is 77.9% in the first unuse-intention group and it is 95.2% in the second use-intention group. The total discriminant target hitting rate is computed to higher value, 86.55%. The statistic package, SPSS 12.0, is used to survey and analyse data and test the hypothesis. The validity and reliability of variables are verified by both reliability analysis and factor analysis. The discriminant analysis is used to tell the difference between use-intention group and unuse-intention group.