• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.641-648
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study is to analyze pre-service science teachers' pedagogical content knowledge. For this study, two senior education students were selected. The data of this study were collected through interviews, CoRe questionnaire, and classroom observation recordings during the period of student-teacher practice. Data were analyzed using the constant comparative method. The results indicated that the two pre-service science teachers had low level pedagogical content knowledge. Two pre-service science teachers' knowledges of science curriculum were different from each other. Orientations toward teaching science shifted to undesirable direction after the experience of a student-teacher's practice-teaching. Their subject matter knowledges were imperfect. They also had low levels of knowledge of students' understanding.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.23-35
• /
• 2023

Objective : This study is to examine the practical use of clinical observational evaluation of sensory integration therapy and the difficulty and importance of measuring results for each sub-item, and through this, to confirm the usefulness of the application of Artificial Intelligence measurement technology in clinical observational measurement and the need for application. Methods : The questionnaire consisted of the actual use of the sensory integration evaluation tool, the difficulty of measurement for each detailed item of clinical observation, the usefulness of AI measurement technology, the importance of evaluation for each detailed item, and the need for developing AI measurement technology. Results : The detailed items that were difficult to measure during clinical observation were the Finger-to-Nose Test and Postural control (71.0%), followed by Eye movement and Protective Extension Test (67.7%). 83.9% of the study subjects answered that it would be useful to apply AI measurement technology when observing images. Postural control (on the ball) (90.3%) was the highest item that answered that AI measurement technology was needed, followed by Eye movement (83.9%), and Prone Extension and Protective Extension Test (77.4%). Conclusion : The results confirmed the desire of therapists that clinical observation is an important evaluation tool in the field of child occupational therapy in Korea.

• Journal of Science Education
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.246-259
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate pre-service biology teachers' perception of the evolution. This study was to compare the views of pre-service biology teachers with no religion with those of christian preservice teachers. Subjects were 77 pre-service biology teachers who enrolled in an university and graduate school of education located in Seoul. The instrument of this study was a questionnaire which consisted of 14 items on 2 domains: the nature of science, the origins of human beings. The key results are as follows. Most pre-service teachers showed highly understanding of the characteristics of science. However pre-service biology teachers still possessed naive views on the distinction of law and theory. In terms of the methods of science, many of the pre-service biology teachers considered scientific theories to progress through the accumulation of observation and experiments or through changes and modifications in existing theories. Compared with the pre-service teachers with no religion, christian pre-service teachers had conflicting views and misconceptions about the origins of human beings. The factors of religion were found to be one of the important barriers which prevent them from understanding the origins of human beings. The results suggested that the education program for pre-service biology teachers integrating the concepts and development process of the scientific knowledges should be effective for understanding the nature of science. For pre-service biology teachers, It is important to understand conflicting views of the christian pre-service teachers who understand creationism as a science.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
• /
• v.10 no.6
• /
• pp.51-79
• /
• 2009

Today the service industry is growing, and differentiated services for marketing and service quality is emerging as a serious problem. Until now, the WebCam is used for observation, and the negative aspects, such as from a human rights issue has become. Discipline and Punish is not to use a webcam to customer satisfaction research is needed. Therefore, wireless monitoring in WebCam service quality of the service reconfiguration and service quality factors for the configuration of the customer's preference regarding how research was recognized. Configuration of the service quality factors WebCam service customer satisfaction and customer loyalty was to identify factors that affect. These services to study the correlation between the quality variables WebCam provides wireless monitoring services for the preschool and children, a survey of the house. Configuring a wireless monitoring service quality in order to research the factors WebCam video quality and transmission speed, mobility and portability, convenience, visibility, reliability, and the interaction of the castle set. Severely and video quality and transmission speed, visibility, reliability, customer satisfaction, the interaction factors are said. Inclination to participate in social issues, innovation, digital devices that use a skilled, depending on the difference in the service quality has been confirmed. However, the age and quality of service awareness and job types showed a low correlation, and the marketing of these results will be discussed and how that can be used.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.123-136
• /
• 1997

The purpose of this study was to confirm the classification of nursing activity and to analyze the time of nursing workload in a new open hospital. The data were collected from 20 nurses working in 6 general nursing units by 4 trained observers. The tools used for this study were an observation recording sheet and a classification sheet of nursing activity. The classification sheet was constructed to be adaptable to each hospital system based on the instrument described in the literature. The results of the study are as follows : The direct nursing activities consisted of 6 sections, 33 subsections and the indirect nursing activities consisted of 14 sections, 53 subsections. The direct nursing activities included medication, measuring and observation, care of therapies, care of physical comfort, laboratory and treatment. The indirect nursing activities included preparation of medical utensils, collection of information and assessment, recording, phone communication, professional interaction related to patients, personal time, assigning work to staff, patient eaucation and training, interaction with lab, transfer of administration of utensils, checking physician's order, dietary service, management of pollution and contagion, guide direction. Nurses spent 127.6min for direct nursing activity during day duty. It was 24.5% of total nursing activity. Within that activity medication had the highest percentage of time(40.09%), followed by communication and education with patient(24.76%), measuring and observation (16.93%), laboratory and treatment (12.85%), care of therapies(3.21%) and care of physical comfort (2.16%). The time breakdown for indirect nursing activities is as follows ; the preparation of medical utensils 22.3%, collection of information and assessment 20.29%, recording 20.27%, phone communication 8.14%, professional interaction related to patients 7.33%, personal time 7.24%, with the remaining timeshared by staffing, patient education and training, interaction with lab, transfer of administration of utensils, checking physician's order, dietary service, management of pollution and contagion, guide direction. In the analysis of the relationships between the working time and the work allocation characters of the nurses(including nurse's experiences. nurse-patients ratio, nurse-rooms ratio, and character of nursing unit) ; There were no significant differences in direct-indirect nursing times between nurse's career years. There was significant difference in direct nursing time between assigned patient numbers. The nurses assigned larger number of patients spent significantly more time in direct nursing care than that of the smaller. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in indirect nursing workload between the assigned patient numbers. There were no significant differences in direct-indirect nursing time between an allocated patient's room numbers. There was significant difference in working time between working places. The nurse in the medical unit spent more time in direct nursing care than her counterpart in the surgical unit. However there was no difference in direct nursing time between two groups. The study results indicate that nurses spent less time in the direct nursing care than in the previous studies even though the hospital system has been modernized. On the other hand they spent much more time for the coordinating role within the interdisciplinary team and for the overlapping paperwork. Therefore it is recommended that patient oriented job description and more efficient usage of modernized utilities be made.

• Convergence Security Journal
• /
• v.17 no.5
• /
• pp.41-47
• /
• 2017

The Marine Environment Observation Information System supplies oceanographic information elements such as water temperature, chlorophyll, float, etc. based on satellite images to consumers. The data produced by the Korean marine environmental observatories are located in the coastal areas of Korea. But if the range is too far from a particular area of interest, due to distance or spatial constraints, the accuracy and up-to-dateness of the data can not be relied upon. Therefore, it is necessary to perform fusion and complex operation to solve the difference between the field observation and the marine satellite image. In this study, we develop a system that can process marine environmental information in the user's area of interest in the form of layered character (numeric) information considering the readability and light weight rather than the satellite image. In order to intuitively understand satellite image information, we characterize (quantify) the marine environmental information of the area of interest and we process the satellite image band values into layered characters to minimize the absolute amount of transmitted / received data. Also we study modular location-based interest information service method to be able to flexibly extend and connect interested items that diversify various observation fields as well as application technology to serve this.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.234-243
• /
• 2022

In Korea, hail damage occurs every year, and in the case of agriculture, it causes severe field crop and cultivation facility losses. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a hail information service system customized for Korea's primary production and crop-growing areas to minimize hail damage. However, the observation of hail is relatively more difficult than that of other meteorological variables, and the available data are also spatially and temporally variable. A hail information service system was developed to understand the temporal and spatial distribution of hail occurrence. As part of this, a hail observation database was established that integrated the observation data from Korea Meteorological Administration with the information from newspaper reports. Furthermore, a hail risk map was produced based on this database. The risk map presented the nationwide distribution and characteristics of hail showers from 1970 to 2018, and the northeastern region of South Korea was found to be relatively dangerous. Overall, hail occurred nationwide, especially in the northeast and some inland areas (Gangwon, Gyeongbuk, and Chungbuk province) and in winter, mainly on the north coast and some inland areas as graupel (small and soft hail). Analyzing the time of day, frequency, and hailstone size of hail shower occurrences by region revealed that the incidence of large hail stones (e.g., 10 cm at Damyang-gun) has increased in recent years and that showers occurred mainly in the afternoon when the updraft was well formed. By integrating multidisciplinary data, the temporal and spatial gap in hail data could be supplemented. The hail risk map produced in this study will be helpful for the selection of suitable crops and growth management strategies under the changing climate conditions.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.19 no.9
• /
• pp.567-581
• /
• 2019

Service-Learning (S-L) is an experiential learning-based teaching-learning method that connects students with curriculum and school-based community service and raises students' academic ability and social responsibility awareness through the value of 'reflection' and 'reciprocity'. This study analyzed the case of S-L course of 'History of Science and Inquire Activity' for pre-service science teachers (PSTs). The S-L lectures linked to the subjects of the History of Science were conducted in terms of three stages (Preparation-Implementation-Evaluation), and S-L classes were conducted in three schools five times. The educational effects of S-L lectures were analyzed by collecting questionnaires, class observation and self-reported reflection diary. The PSTs were able to understand the school realities and improve the teaching abilities and pedagogic content knowledge through educational service activities. The PSTs who participated in the S-L course had hard time due to excessive learning time, the difficulty of preparing the class, the fear of the class, and trial and error. Nonetheless, most of the students responded that they were very satisfied (4.68) with the S-L lecture, and that they could develop self-efficacy for their future teaching career thank to this learning experience.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.46-56
• /
• 2016

In order to analyze the surface temperature in accordance with the surface material, surface temperatures between Thermal InfraRed Image (TIRI) and Landsat 8 satellite observed at the commercial area (Gwanghwamun) and residential area (Jungnang) are compared. The surface temperature from TIRI had applied atmospheric correction and compared with that from Landsat 8. The surface temperatures from Landsat 8 at Gwanghwamun and Jungnang are underestimated in comparison with that from TIRI. The difference of surface temperature between the two methods is greater in summer than in winter. When the analysis area was divided into detailed regions, depending on the material and the position of the surface, correlation of surface temperature between TIRI with Landsat 8 is as low as 0.29 (Gwanghwamun) and 0.18 (Jungnang), respectively. The results were caused from the resolution difference between the two methods. While the surface temperatures of each zone from Landsat 8 were observed almost constant, high-resolution TIRI observed relatively precise surface temperatures. When the each area was averaged as one space, correlation of surface temperature between TIRIs and Landsat 8 is more than 0.95. The spatially averaged surface temperature is higher at Jungnang, representing residential areas, than at Gwanghwamun, representing commercial areas. As a result, the observation of high resolution is required in order to observe the precise surface temperature. This is because it appears that the spatial distribution of the various surface temperature in the range of micro-scale according to the conditions of the ground surface.

• Atmosphere
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.85-95
• /
• 2016

In this study, we investigated the variabilities of wind speed of 850 hPa and precipitable water over the East Asia region using the NCEP Final Analysis data from December 2001 to November 2011. A large variance of wind speed was observed in northern and eastern China during the winter period. During summer, the regions of the East China Sea, the South Sea of Japan and the East Sea show large variances in the wind speed caused by an extended North Pacific High and typhoon activities. The large variances in the wind speed in the regions are shown to be correlated with the inter-annual variability of precipitable water over the inland region of windward side of the Korean Peninsula. Based on the investigation, sensitivity tests to the domain size were performed using the WRF model version 3.6 for heavy precipitation events over the Korean Peninsula for 26 and 27 July 2011. Numerical experiments of different domain sizes were set up with 5 km horizontal and 50 levels vertical resolutions for the control and the first experimental run, and 9 km horizontal for the second experimental run. We found that the major rainfalls correspond to shortwave troughs with baroclinic structure over Northeast China and extended North Pacific High. The correlation analysis between the observation and experiments for 1-h precipitation indicated that the second experiment with the largest domain had the best performance with the correlation coefficient of 0.79 due to the synoptic-scale systems such as short-wave troughs and North Pacific High.