• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.458-475
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to analyze the responses of pre-service elementary teachers to the plant learning using plant-observation activities and observation journal writings. Thirty pre-service teachers participated in this study. Before and after practicing plant observation and observation journal writing for 11 weeks, pre-service teachers' interest to plants, attitude to plant-observation teaching, and plant-observation teaching efficacy were examined using a questionnaire. Also, the observation journals, reflective journal writings, and interviews were analyzed to investigate their qualitative change. In addition, the pre-service teachers were classified by multi-dimensional scaling and cluster analysis with respect to attitude to plant-observation teaching and observation journal writing, and teaching efficacy. While the pre-service teachers showed significant increase of the interest to plants and plant-observation teaching efficacy, and positive change of the attitude to plant-observation teaching, there was a little difference between gender with more positive effects on females. The positive attitude changes of pre-service teachers included positive recognition about plants and the diversity, increased interest and curiosity about plants, careful observation about nearby plants, and independent learning and positive inquiry with plants. In terms of teaching efficacy, they showed positive change such as enjoyment and satisfaction with plant-observation, confidence as elementary teachers in the future, and recognition about the importance of elementary teachers for plant education. However, the changes were different among the groups classified by attitude to plant-observation teaching and observation journal writings, and plant-observation teaching efficacy.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.549-569
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• 2015

Reflecting on own beliefs about teaching and learning, developed during "the apprenticeship of observation", is a central task for pre-service years. This case study analysed a lesson observation course which could identify, challenge pre-service teachers' folk pedagogy about classroom communications and induce to change of beliefs about teaching and learning. Our analysis shows that targeting and refuting pre-service teachers' specific belief may be an effective strategy for teacher educators to foster new teaching practice.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.103-114
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• 2017

Radiation energy budget was analyzed using observation data from the Weather Information Service Engine (WISE) energy flux tower on the Seoul metropolitan area. Among observation data from the 13 energy flux towers, we used meteorological variables, radiation data (upward and downward short wave, upward and downward long wave, net short wave, net long wave and net radiation), albedo and emissivity for 15 months from July 2016 to September 2017. Although Gajwa (205) and Ttuksumm (216) sites located in urban, the albedo was relatively high due to the surround environment by glass wall buildings and the Han river around the sites. And Bucheon (209) site located in the suburb represented generally low emissivity. As a result, the albedo decreased and the emissivity increased in the city center. In the Seoul metropolitan area, the net radiation energy is $73.9W/m^2$ that the radiation budget of the surface is absorbed into the atmosphere. According to WISE observation data, it can be seen that observation at each sites are influenced by the surrounding environment.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.43-48
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• 2021

Most existing studies on the wide-area differential global positioning system (WADGPS) used standard positioning service (SPS) receivers in their observation reference stations which provide the central control station global positioning system (GPS) measurements to generate augmentation data. In the present study, it is considered to apply a precise positioning service (PPS) receiver to an observation reference station which is located in the threatened jamming area. Therefore, the reference station network consists of a PPS receiver based observation reference station and SPS receiver based observation reference stations. In this case, to maintain correction performance P1C1 differential code bias (DCB) should be compensated. In this paper, P1C1 DCB estimation algorithm was applied to the PPS/WADGPS system and performance test results using measurements in the Korean Peninsula were presented.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.10 no.4 s.36
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• pp.149-154
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• 2005

Computer center of university or company manages many non fault-tolerant servers and network devices to spare expenses. Because a service fault occurs sometimes by worm virus, system bug etc, we need a technique to detect it for continuing service. This paper introduces design and implementation of the system to observe many heterogeneous services, and web-based interface improving convenience of system manager. A system fault is reported to system managers via email or SMS by introduced service observation system, not service user. Then system managers can recover the system fault by this notification and minimize a fault period.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.617-628
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• 2016

This study aims to explore pre-service biology teachers' value orientation in terms of scientific observation and representation in plant cell microscope observation experiment. This study focuses on the pre-service teachers' value orientation in relation to objectivity. To achieve this aim, we used a hypothetical situation that pre-service teachers should teach tacit knowledge related to observation and representation during the cell observation class. We presented a hypothetical situation to fifty pre-service biology teachers and collected their answer about that hypothetical situation. These answers were categorized inductively based on constant comparative analysis. The result shows that four types of pre-service teachers' value orientation, 'presence confirmation', 'mechanical objectivity', 'students' subjectivity', and 'trained judgement', are confirmed. This result also shows that various value orientation could be reflected on teaching an experiment and tacit knowledge related to the experiment. Also, many pre-service teachers value 'mechanical objectivity' in observation and image representation. Also, pre-service teachers' value orientation and perception of objectivity in scientific practice could have an influence in teaching science, this result could give provide suggestions on science teachers' education in terms of scientific practice.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.337-349
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• 2013

Communication Ocean Meteorological Satellite (COMS) for the hybrid mission of meteorological observation, ocean monitoring, and telecommunication service was launched onto Geostationary Earth Orbit on June 27, 2010 and it is currently under normal operation service on $128.2^{\circ}$ East of the geostationary orbit since April 2011. In order to perform the three missions, the COMS has 3 separate payloads, the meteorological imager (MI), the Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI), and the Ka-band antenna. The MI and GOCI perform the Earth observation mission of meteorological observation and ocean monitoring, respectively. For this Earth observation mission the COMS requires daily mission commands from the satellite control ground station and daily mission is affected by the satellite control activities. For this reason daily mission planning is required. The Earth observation mission operation of COMS is described in aspects of mission operation characteristics and mission planning for the normal operation services of meteorological observation and ocean monitoring. And the first one-year normal operation results after the In-Orbit-Test (IOT) are investigated through statistical approach to provide the achieved COMS normal operation status for the Earth observation mission.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.216-228
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to analyze pre-school teachers' observation experience and their pre and post degrees of preferences in observing underground and water living things, fungus, insects, flowerless plants and sea lives. Based on the analysis, their pre-observation experience in living things were insects, ocean creatures, underground living things, flowerless plants, fungus and water living things in order. The degree of preferences in flowerless plans based on their gender, the female pre-service teachers showed higher scores than the average in both pre and post test. The male, however, responded higher scores in underground living things in both tests. Their background such as liberal arts or science or arts and physical major affected their preferences scores in water living things, insects and flowerless plans in the post test, and the science major pre-service teachers showed the highest degree of preferences in insects among the liberal arts, science or arts and physical major pre-teachers in the post test. In conclusion, there were different degree of their preferences affected by the pre observation experience, gender difference, their present majors such as the liberal arts, science or arts and physical major, the categories of living things but not in their high school background such as liberal arts or science.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.600-618
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• 2014

The metadata for urban meteorological observation is standardized through comparison with those established at the World Meteorological Organization and the Korea Meteorological Administration to understand the surrounding environment around the sites exactly and maintain the networks and sites efficiently. It categorizes into metadata for an observational network and observational sites. The latter is again divided into the metadata for station general information, local scale information, micro scale information, and visual information in order to explain urban environment in detail. The metadata also contains the static information such as urban structure, surface cover, metabolism, communication, building density, roof type, moisture/heat sources, and traffic as well as the update information on the environment change, maintenance, replacement, and/or calibration of sensors. The standardized metadata for urban meteorological observation is applied to the Weather Information Service Engine (WISE) integrated meteorological sensor network and sites installed at Incheon area. It will be very useful for site manager as well as researchers in fields of urban meteorology, radiation, surface energy balance, anthropogenic heat, turbulence, heat storage, and boundary layer processes.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.93-104
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between pre-service elementary teacher's prior knowledge and processes of observations and hypotheses generation via analysis of descriptive fault patterns during observation, problem generation and hypotheses generation processes. For the purpose of this study, thirty-four undergraduate students were participated and descriptions of participants' responds were analyzed. As the result, four patterns of descriptive fault on the process of generating hypothesis were classified; 1) descriptive fault from the causalities, 2) descriptive fault from repetition of observational facts, 3) descriptive fault from the priority of prior knowledge, and 4) descriptive fault from negation of the observational facts. From the result, the researcher was able to explore the faults caused by pre-service elementary students' prior knowledge through the observational descriptive analysis with hypothetical descriptive analysis.