• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.795-804
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to develop of nutritional education activities and effect evaluation in related curriculums for all Dongbu Elementary School children in Jinhae by the teacher in charge. This educational purpose was to build a desirable dietary behavior for optimal growth and health in elementary school children. The educational program contents were developed according to 1) selection of content related curriculums 2) analysis of contents related on dietary habits by grade 3) preparation teaching plans to build desirable dietary habits 4) development of teaching manual by turns. Twelve hours of nutrition education at all school classes were done from March 2 to December 10 2004 in Dongbu Elementary School in Jinhae, Gyeongnam. The education effects were evaluated through the questionnaire surveys before and after the education and their comparative analysis. The results of this study were summarized as follows : Forty percent of the underweight group, $22.8\%$ of the normal group, $42.2\%$ of the obese group had the wrong perceptions on their body figures, but after nutrition education $80.5\%$ of the underweight group, $94.3\%$ of the normal group, $97.9\%$ of the obese group gleaned the correct perceptions on their body figures (p < 0.001). As the effects of the education, the subjects who exercise more than 3 times in a week increased in all groups (p < 0.01-0.001), notably in the obese group. Meal regularity (p < 0.001) , skipping meals (p < 0.001), eating rate and snack selection patterns (p < 0.01-p < 0.001) also improved by nutrition education. We could also observe the effects of the nutrition education through the affirmative statements which appeared in their dietary records. These results showed a possibility of nutrition education activities in related curriculums to improve in dietary habits of school children. Next year, we will start with the system of nutrition teachers in elementary school, but nutrition teacher cannot undertake the task of teaching and food service management alone. Because of that, we intend to develop this program as an alternative proposal for the nutrition education in elementary schools. (Korean J Community Nutrition 10(6) $795\∼804$, 2005)

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.109-123
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• 2014

Kaloula borealis is the species of Amphibia which belongs to Kaloula genus and it is the only species inhabiting in Korea. The population size and habitat of Kaloula borealis have been significantly decreased on a national scale due to the diversified developments and the uses of agricultural pesticides. Accordingly, the Ministry of Environment has designated and managed them as the class II of endangered species, in accordance with "Endangered Species Protection and Management Act"; however, a particular study focused on the ecological restoration of Kaloula borealis is desperately needed to prevent their extinction. This study was conducted to propose the HSI (Habit Suitability Index) of Kaloula borealis based on literature survey on ecology and habitats of Kaloula borealis, as well as their HSI. Factors to be investigated in HSI include: space, feed, cover, water(breeding) and threatening factors and the variables of each factor were also proposed. The distance from wetland, grassland, farm, stream and rice paddy, as well as the altitude of spawning pond were proposed as the variables of space, whereas the bed structure of forest and low-rise grassland were proposed as the variables of feeding. The variables of water (breeding) include the area of permanent and temporary wetlands, coverage of emerged pants (ratio of open water), water depth, water temperature, water quality, pH level, etc., whereas the presence of predator, distance from street and pollutants were proposed as the variables of threatening factor. The sub-standards by HSI factor of Kaloula borealis have been drawn from in-depth consultation with experts and based on this, the final HSI of Kaloula borealis was developed.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제37권10호
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• pp.938-945
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• 2004

The purposes of this study were to survey the present situation of nutrition education in junior/senior high school, to analyze the difference between the favorite subjects on students and the existing subject done by dietitians on nutrition education, and then to identify the subjects of nutritional education for junior/senior high school students. Self-administered questionnaires were given to dietitians and students and 142 of the 200 dietitians (71.0%) and 479 of the 564 students (84.9%) responded to the questionnaire on the nutritional education. According to the survey results, 76.1 % of school dietitians currently were doing nutrition education for students while the other 23.9% didn't have such education programs even though they recognized the necessity strongly. The target of nutrition education was student rather than parents or teacher generally and the principal measuring method for nutrition education effect was change of plate waste and leftover'. It was found that significant difference in the collector and source of nutritional education information between junior and senior high school dietitians (p< .05) . About ninety-eight percentage of dietitians felt that nutrition education should keep pace with meal service and this meant that almost respondent recognized the necessity of nutrition education for students. Because the most serious one among operational problems of nutrition education program was lack of enough time owing to too many affairs as dietitian, junior and senior high schools should support so that dietitians would share enough time for nutrition education. And also, a gap was existed between actual and favorite subjects on nutrition education. Significant differences existed in the following subjects; 'basic concept of food and nutrition', 'disease and nutrition', 'food culture in the world', 'cooking and culinary art', 'food of the 24 divisions of the year in the lunar calendar', 'food waste and environmental issue', 'food habit and food behavior', 'exercise and nutrition' (p< .001) 'table manner', 'food and individual sanitation', 'recommended dietary allowance' (p < .01) and 'menu planning' (p< .05) .Finally, 24 subjects of nutritional education were selected based on the survey results. These subjects would be expected to be able to contribute the effective and interesting nutrition education program for junior and senior high school students.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.224-228
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• 2012

분화용 바위떡풀 신품종 '크리스탈(Crystal)'은 꽃색이 연녹색 바탕에 연한 핑크색을 나타내는 품종인 '도태랑'을 모본으로 하고 역시 화색이 유사한 '록선' 품종을 부본으로 하여 2004년에 인공 교배하여 선발한 계통으로부터 육성하였다. 2005-2007년까지 3년에 걸쳐 생육 및 개화특성을 검정한 후 최종적으로 선정하여 '크리스탈(Crystal)'로 명명하였다. '크리스탈' 품종의 개화는 9월 21일부터 시작하여 10월 하순까지 약 31일간 피며 꽃 수는 279개로 많고 화경수도 11.2개로 많았으며 화경장은 15.3cm로 작아 전체적으로는 안정적인 초형이었다. 화색은 연한 녹색 바탕에 밝은 핑크색(R-P 62D + G-W 157B)을 띠며 화장 1.8cm, 화폭이 2.1cm로 작은 편이고 꽃잎 수는 7.0개로 비대(大)자형을 이루며 엽장은 3.5cm, 엽폭은 3.8cm의 크기였고 엽수는 133.7개로 많았다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.895-908
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to examine female baby boomers' dietary habits and their attitudes together with their needs for future perspectives of dietary life. Our aim is to use these findings as a basic data when forecasting for food-related industries or policy making. A survey is being carried out for a total of 358 female baby boomers and analyzed by SPSS 12.0. The following is a summary of this study. The average age is 52.6 years old, most of them graduated from highschool (63.1%) and had a nuclear type of family (76.1%). Only 39.0% is composed of housewives, others had either full-time or part-time jobs. Self-assessment of stress is not so high and only 8.1% are dissatisfied with their lives. 38.2% are either overweight or obese in terms of BMI, and most of them are non-smokers (97.2%) or non-drinkers (63.0%). Their mean dietary habit scores are $70.6{\pm}11.8$, and the scores show significant relations with their education levels (p<0.01), monthly income (p<0.01), life satisfaction rates (p<0.001), stress levels (p<0.001), smoking habits (p<0.05), drinking habits (p<0.05), regular exercises (p<0.001) and regular health check-ups (p<0.05). The rate of skipping breakfast, lunch and dinner are 18.2%, 1.1%, 5.2% respectively. The main reason for skipping breakfast is the 'lack of time'. With regards to the frequency of grocery shopping, almost half of the subjects (55.7%) said '1~2 times per week' and bought mainly raw food sources such as vegetables, fruits, and meats. The majority of the subjects (91.3%) report that they cooked meals at homes, and took about 1 hour of time. The subjects also point out that cooking was a bothering task, and only 46.4% would prepare meals at home, while others would rather eat out or eat convenience foods. The main reasons for not wanting meal services in the elderly welfare facility are because they didn't want to live such places (48.4%) and the meals are tasteless (31.3%). As for delivery meal services, 60.1% are aware of it, and 39.9% would consider using it in the future. Factors to be considered when using the delivery meal service are sanitation (43.7%), nutrition (28.7%), taste (18.4%), price (6.3%), and brand name (2.9%). This study is expected to be used as useful information when developing food-related strategies for baby boomers in the future.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 1999년도 추계 학술대회지
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• pp.102-144
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• 1999

The major problems of food crop cultivation in Korea are low yield of most crops except rice. inefficient cultivation techniques for aged farmers. and low international competibility. Therefore, development of cultivation techniques of food crops should aim the yield. quality improvement, labor reduction and production cost. The primary issue for increasing the yield of soybean, barely and wheat is to reduce the yield gap between the farmer's yield and recommended ones of experiment station. More advanced cultivation techniques needs to be developed. and/or the conventional breeding methods to be reconsidered. The newly developed labor-saving mechanized technique needs to reduce labor hours , and the cost of agricultural implements and machineries. In other words the labor-saving mechanized technique should be developed based on the improvement of total farming system as well as systemic fundamental innovation of cultural methods. The efficiency of solar energy use in food production of Korea in 1997 is as low as $0.52{\%}$ so there is much room to increase yield. It is recommendable that the concept of food Production should be changed to energy Producing efficiency Per unit area basis from volume and weight of food materials. Moreover, introduction of resonable cropping system is needed to increase yield of main crops, farmer's income, solar energy use efficiency, and decrease of land service expenditure. Current cropping system emphasized on economic crops. especially in vegetables , is not desirable for resonable use of arable land. stability of agricultural management and staple food crop self-sufficiency ratio. It is desirable to increase food crops . that are energy of carbohydrate and protein rich and land dependent crops. in cropping system. And the agronomist should develop the cultural methods to replace food crops for food self-sufficiency and stable farming management instead of economic crops in current cropping system. Low-input and environmentally-sound crop cultivation techniques, especially nitrogen-reducing culture technique which is directly related to food crop quality, also needs to be developed urgently. The extended cultivation of corn in upland and barely and wheat in lowland as a feed stuffs is recommended to prevent further decrease of food self-sufficiency ratio, which is mainly caused by the high reliance on imported feed grain. It is also considered that the calculation and presentation methods of standard agricultural income needs to be improved. The current calculation method uses unit land area of 10a regardless of crop kinds , characteristics of agricultural management and cultivation scale. So, it is apt to lead misunderstanding of farm income value. Therefore. it should show an income of average farmers for certain number of years. Research and developing system for food producing is not desirable because they are conducted currently individual crop and mono-culture basis. But actual agricultural income is usually earned by cropping system including upland and lowland. For example. the barley and wheat is usually cultivated in double cropping system. The cooperation among research institutes such as university agribusiness. government and farmers is indispensible. The public information and education on importance and consumption habit of food crops is necessary in Korean society to increase food self-sufficiency through nationwide cooperation.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제9B권4호
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• pp.389-390
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• 2002

동적 웹 컨텐츠 제공에서 고객을 위한 추천서비스에 이르는 인터넷 기반의 전자상거래 애플리케이션에서는 고객이 어떤 성향을 가지고 있는가에 대한 정보를 획득하는 것이 중요하다. 웹 개인화의 대표적인 기술인 협력적 석과는 사용자의 정보를 정적인 프로파일 형태로 저장하여 사용자의 성향 변화를 빨리 획득할 수 없다. 또한 사용자의 명시적 평가 의존성, 확장성 부족, 다차원 공간 데이터에 대한 적용 어려움 둥의 문제점을 가지고 있다. 이와 같은 단점을 해결하기 위한 해결 방안으로 웹 사용 정보 마이닝(web usage mining)이 쓰이고 있다. 웹 사용 정보 마이닝은 서버에 축적된 웹 사용 데이터(web usage data)를 이용하여 패턴을 발견하는 기술이다. 특히 연관 규칙 생성 알고리즘으로 웹 사용 패턴(web usage pattern)을 찾고 패턴을 클러스터링하는 기술이 사용되고 있다. 그러나 연관 규칙 생성 알고리즘은 많은 수의 패턴들을 찾고 또 유용하지 못한 패턴을 발견하는 단점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 검증된 웹 사용 패턴을 이용한 동적 사용자 프로파일 생성 방법을 제안한다. 먼저 패턴 발견을 위해 연관 규칙 생성 알고리즘인 Apriori를 이용하고 사용자 프로파일을 위한 클러스터를 생성하기 위해 ARHP를 채택하였다. 클러스터를 생성하기 전에 Dempster-Shafer 이론을 이용하여 유용하지 못한 패턴을 제거하는 패턴 검증 과정을 수행한다. 검증된 패턴을 이용하여 클러스터를 생성하고 사용자의 현재 활성화된 세션에 따라 동적으로 사용자 프로파일이 생성된다

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.173-176
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• 2016

무측지성 수분수용 사과 품종 개발을 위해 '홍로'를 자방친, '메이폴'을 화분친으로 하여 교배한 교배실생을 조사 선발하여 '팅커벨'로 명명, 국립종자원에 품종보호 등록을 완료하였다. '팅커벨' 육성 과정은 2003년에 인공교배를 실시하여 2009년까지 과실 및 생육특성을 조사하여 1차 선발하였다. 계통명 '03-2-095'로 2010년부터 2012년까지 과일특성 및 주요 품종과의 교배친화성을 평가한 후 최종 선발하였다. '팅커벨'은 대조품종 '메이폴'에 비해 만개기가 약 2일 정도 늦고, 수세가 약하고 가지 발생이 거의 없는 무측지성을 보인다. 대조품종 '메이폴'의 과형이 '타원형'인데 비해 '팅커벨'의 과형은 '넓은 타원형'이다. '팅커벨'은 117g으로 '메이폴'보다 과실이 크고, 과피가 매끈하며 과분이 없다는 점에서 차이가 있었다. '팅커벨'의 당도는 $12.3^{\circ}Bx$로 '메이폴' $10.75^{\circ}Bx$ 보다 높고, 산도는 1.2%로 '메이폴' 1.8% 보다 낮아서 당산비가 '메이폴' 보다 개선되었다. 주요 품종과의 인공교배시 착과율은 '후지' 90.8%, '홍로' 94.9%, '쓰가루' 71.0%로 매우 높을 뿐만 아니라 수폭은 70cm이므로 사과 밀식재배체계에 아주 적합한 수분수용 신품종으로 판단된다.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.98-108
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• 2015

도교육청은 학교급식을 서비스로 간주하고 소비자의 만족을 높이기 위해 노력하고 있다. 이 연구는 올리버의 기대 불일치 이론을 바탕으로 학생의 식습관과 지각된 품질이 학교 급식 만족에 영향을 주는지 검토하고자 한다. 우리는 학생의 성별과 학교 조건의 조절효과를 테스트하였다. 학교의 조건으로 검토한 것은 소재지가 농촌 또는 도시인지, 영양교사가 정규직 또는 비정규직인지, 조리 시설 현대화 사업을 실시 또는 미실시하였는지, 배식장소가 교실 또는 식당인지 등이다. 2014년 9월 경기도 소재 8개 학교 초등학교 6학년을 대상으로 설문이 실시되어 설문지 240부가 회수되었다. 불성실한 설문지를 제외하고, 전체 208부를 대상으로 PLS와 붓트랩 t-테스트를 하였다. 분석결과로 식습관이 만족에 직접적으로 영향을 주었으며(p<0.01), 학교급식 서비스의 지각된 품질이 부분적으로 둘 간의 관계를 매개하였다. 여학생보다 남학생의 경우에 식습관이 만족에 더 적은 영향을 주었다(p<0.1). 영양교사가 정규직인 경우가 비정규직인 경우보다 학생의 식습관이 만족에 더 작은 영향을 주었다(p<0.05). 조리 시설 현대화 사업을 시행한 학교의 경우가 식습관이 만족에 더 작은 영향을 주었다(p<0.1). 학교 소재지와 배식 장소는 식습관과 만족 사이에 유의한 조절 효과를 나타내지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 소비자의 태도를 형성하는 식습관과 지각된 품질이 상호작용하여 만족에 영향을 미친다는 것을 의미한다. 따라서 학교급식의 교육적 효과를 극대화하기 위해서는 식습관 개선하는 프로그램이 동반될 필요가 있다. 정책적으로 조리 시설 현대화 사업을 미실시한 학교와 비정규직 영양교사가 있는 학교에 우선적으로 교육 프로그램이 제공된다면 교육 효과가 높아질 것이다.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.375-382
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• 2003

현재 음성인식 분야에서는 잡음이 심한 환경에서 음성 인식률을 향상시킬 수 있는 바이모달의 한 형태인 립리딩 기술에 관한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 립리딩 연구에 있어서 가장 중요한 것은 정확한 입술 이미지를 찾아내는 것이다. 그러나 조명변화, 화자의 발음습관, 입술 모양의 다양성, 입술의 회전과 크기 변화 등의 환경 변화 요인 때문에 안정적인 성능을 예측하기가 힘든 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 보다 안정적 성능을 얻기 위해 시간영역에서 이미지를 임펄스 응답 필터링을 수행을 통해 향상된 인식성능을 보였다. 또한 본 연구에서는 입술 전체 영상을 대상으로 처리하는 립리딩 기법의 사용으로 인해 발생하는 데이터 용량 증가를 고려해 영상의 정보는 손실하지 않고 그 특징만을 추출하여 데이터의 양을 줄일 수 있는 주성분 분석을 전처리 과정으로 사용하였다. 본 연구에서는 영상정보만을 사용하여 음성인식 성능 관찰을 위해 자동차 내에서 서비스가 가능한 22단어를 선정하여 인식실험을 하였다. 이 단어들의 인식 성능을 비교하기 위하여 음성 인식 알고리듬으로 잘 알려진 HMM(Hidden Markov Model)을 이용하였다. 실험결과 PCA(Principal component Analysis)하였던 경우 립리딩이 64%의 인식률을 보인 반면, 시간영역필터를 립리딩에 적용시 72.7%로 인식률의 향상을 보였다.