• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.131-157
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• 2014

Special track systems used to divert a train to other directions or other tracks are generally called 'railway turnout'. A traditional turnout system consists of steel rails, switches, crossings, steel plates, fasteners, screw spikes, timber bearers, ballast and formation. The wheel rail contact over the crossing transfer zone has a dip-like shape and can often cause detrimental impact loads on the railway track and its components. The large impact also emits disturbing noises (either impact or ground-borne noise) to railway neighbors. In a brown-field railway track where an existing aged infrastructure requires renewal or maintenance, some physical constraints and construction complexities may dominate the choice of track forms or certain components. With the difficulty to seek for high-quality timbers with dimensional stability, a methodology to replace aged timber bearers in harsh dynamic environments is to adopt an alternative material that could mimic responses and characteristics of timber in both static and dynamic loading conditions. A critical review has suggested an application of an alternative material called fibre-reinforced foamed urethane (FFU). The full-scale capacity design makes use of its comparable engineering characteristics to timber, high-impact attenuation, high damping property, and a longer service life. A field trial to investigate in-situ behaviours of a turnout grillage system using an alternative material, 'fibre-reinforced foamed urethane (FFU)' bearers, has been carried out at a complex turnout junction under heavy mixed traffics at Hornsby, New South Wales, Australia. The turnout junction was renewed using the FFU bearers altogether with new special track components. Influences of the FFU bearers on track geometry (recorded by track inspection vehicle 'AK Car'), track settlement (based on survey data), track dynamics, and acoustic characteristics have been measured. Operational train pass-by measurements have been analysed to evaluate the effectiveness of the replacement methodology. Comparative studies show that the use of FFU bearers generates higher rail and sleeper accelerations but the damping capacity of the FFU help suppress vibration transferring onto other track components. The survey data analysis suggests a small vertical settlement and negligible lateral movement of the turnout system. The static and dynamic behaviours of FFU bearers appear to equate that of natural timber but its service life is superior.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.10
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• pp.241-254
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• 2020

International payment is an essential part of the economy, which is beneficial to both commercial banks and trading enterprises. Moreover, service quality, which has been a key point of discussion for decades, relates to customer satisfaction. This study aims to investigate the factors influencing international payment service quality at the Join Stock Commercial Bank for Investment and Development of Vietnam (BIDV) from 2015 through 2019. This research deploys both quantitative and qualitative methods to discuss the effects of these components. Statistical data was examined through different tests, including reliability analysis, correlation, and regression analysis by SPSS 16.0. The authors obtain and analyze 157 valid responses from customer surveys, then by applying an integration SERVPERF and PSQM model, identify five main components: Reliability, Tangibles, Assurance, Convenience, and Responsiveness, which explain how the customer perceives the service quality of international payment activities at BIDV. The results show that these five factors have a positive relationship with service quality, in which, Reliability has the most significant impacts on service quality level. Besides, the findings not only contribute to the literature but also give some practical implications for BIDV to improve its international payment service quality and help them to obtain customer satisfaction in the fast-changing environment.

• Journal of Korean language education
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.169-199
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine Korean teachers' needs in in-service teacher training and variables related to their needs. This study was conducted with teachers from Korean language centers in Korean universities. The following three research questions were investigated: (1) What are the teachers' experiences of Korean language teaching and in-service teacher training? (2) What are the teachers' needs and expectations for the content and components of in-service education programs? Are there any disparity between teachers' needs and institutional needs? (3) What are the variables to be considered in designing an effective in-service teacher education program? In order to answer the research questions, a survey was developed and distributed to university Korean language institutions and Korean language teachers. The results indicated that both institutions and teachers are highly aware of the importance of the need for in-service teacher training. The results also suggested that a more teacher-centered, bottom-up approach should be implemented for successful outcomes of teacher education programs. Based on the results, this study offers a summary of the need for in-service teacher training and variables (both individual teacher variables and environmental variables) to be considered in designing the content and components of a teacher education program.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.79-86
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• 2024

Among the nutrients in feed, amino acids and minerals are important for the growth and development of pets. In particular, interest in nutritional components related to the health of pets is increasing as pet-raising households and pet food markets have recently grown. Therefore, in this study, 55 pet food products distributed in South Korea were purchased, and the content of 3 essential and conditionally essential amino acids (taurine, lysine, arginine) and 4 minerals (Ca, P, Na, K) was investigated. Among the three amino acids, arginine was found to have the highest content, and the average content was 1.79 and 1.37 % in cat and dog foods, respectively. On the other hand, the taurine content was the lowest, but it was found to be higher than the minimum requirement of 0.10 % for cats set by the American Association for Feed Control (AAFCO) and the European Federation of Pet Food Industries (FEDIAF). As a result of the four-component analysis of minerals, the content of Ca was found to be the highest, and the average content was confirmed to be 1.64 and 1.25 % in cat and dog food, respectively. On the other hand, Na was the lowest, but it was higher than the AAFCO minimum requirement and FEDIAF minimum requirement for young cat and dog food. Among all 55 samples examined, the content of the three amino acids and the four inorganic components was confirmed to be suitable for the recommended minimum intake and maximum allowable intake presented by AAFCO and FEDIAF.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.88-104
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• 2017

The purpose of this study explains how service characteristics such as service competence, service customization, interpersonal communication and image affect service trust and affective commitments and how service trust, affective commitment play a role in affecting risk-taking and service loyalty in specialty hospital. and then confirm the mediating role of relationship quality components such as service trust and affective commitment in the above path relation. For this purpose, the research hypothesis was verified by structural equation model analysis(SEM) using SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 20.0 statistical package. The results of the study are as follows. First, interpersonal communication influenced service trust, image influenced affective commitment, service ability influenced service trust and emotional commitment, while service customization did not affect any factor. Second, service trust and affective commitment did not effect each other. Third, service trust and affective commitment were more powerful in risk-taking than the influence on service loyalty. Fourth, Risk takings affected service loyalty. Therefore, marketers of special hospitals not only medical services by providing medical service with superior service ability, but also by always strengthening interpersonal communication at the time of providing services. This will enable consumers to overcome the avoidance in the service decision process and implement a specific service marketing strategy that can continuously use the hospital service.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.307-319
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• 1998

This study is an empirical investigation and study on the measurement of nursing service quality as perceived by patients. A series of H1. H2. H3 alternative hypotheses were tested using a sample of 250 patients in Taegu City. Korea. HI hypothese were tested for application of five component of service quality (SERVQlTAL and SE RPERF : tangiblity. reliability. responsiveness. accessibility. understandability) in Taegu area Hospitals. Validity test - the five components of service quality were rearranged into two components of service quality (personal factor. nonpersonal factor). Although SERVQUAL was verified in USA. application for five components of service quality in Korea indicated that it need more analytical studies. Nobody can deny the fact that the recent growth of the nursing service quality is one of the most important driving forces of hospital management. In many hospitals. the nursing quality charges more than 50% of the medical service quality. As a result. many hospital managers should be enormous interests in the investment potentiality of the nursing service. However. doesn't many researchers invest their time and effort on the research of the quality control in nursing service. Nursing service management is the process to satisfy customer's desires and expectations through the various service activities. Presently nursing service are being faced with three Common tasks of improving quality of nursing service. competitively differential advantage and productivity because of quantitative expansion of Nursing service. Such a phenomenon is also found in our medical service industry. resulting from increasing demands for medical service owing to national medical insurance policy and consumer's attitude change emphasizing prevention of illness. excessiveness of medical facilities in large cities and increasing medical lawsuits due to influence of consumerism. Therefore. under such circumstances. this research on nursing service is conducted from nursing managements to improve the nursing service quality problems faced by medical institutions. The results of this theoretical/empirical research are as follows: 1. Nursing service Quality is regarded as patients' perceived quality and evaluated on the basis (5 dimension) of technical and functional quality. 2. Nursing service Quality is a concept of patients evaluation on the measurable multi-dimensions intrinsic and extrinsic attributes of service. 3. Nursing service Quality is conceptually defined as the difference between the perceived service and the expected service. 4. Korean consumers trend to evaluate nursing service quality based on such dimensions as responsiveness and reliability. understandability. accessibility. tangibility. 5. After analyzing whether or not there are some differences in respective medical institution. it was found that there are significant difference on understandability. reliability. communicability. courtesy. competence. 6. After analyzing the difference between the expected nursing service and the nursing perceived service, it was found that the expected nursing service is higher than the perceived service in every medical institution. 7. HI hypothesis was tested with regard to the validity test between SERVQUAL and SERVPERF in nursing service quality. The result of validity test between SERVQUAL and SERVPERF was found to have differential result. That is the R2 of SERVPERF is higher than that of SERVQUAL. Therefore. HI was verified in nursing management. H2. H3 hypotheses were tested whether or not the nursing service quality and patient satisfaction is the preceding variable. The result of H2 hypothes is that the nursing service quality is the preceding variable of patient satisfaction and the patient satisfaction is that of revisiting intention. After analyzing whether or not there is any differences on the demographic variable of five nursing service quality factor. it was found that there are statistically significant differences on communicability and courtesy at the sex. understand ability. accessibility and tangibility at the age. understandability at the academic background respectively.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.243-259
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• 2008

To support business services interoperation, the BSD (Business Service Document), which is an extension of the Web Service Description Language (WSDL) the web service specification of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) was designed. The WSDL presents comprehensive standards for the interoperability of software components and W3C delegates extensions of WSDL to the users for their own purposes and objectives. In this article, BSD Creator, which can generate well-formed and valid BSDs, was designed and implemented. Also, the BSD Operation Pilot System where service providers can publish BSD specification documents and service users can search for services, was implemented and presented. BSD Creator and the BSD Operation Pilot System, which are the outcomes of this study, were assessed for their quality and usefulness using ISO/IEC 9126. The outcomes of this paper will be the basis on which industry groups can construct a Business Services Interoperation System, and are expected to contribute to the revitalization of business service interoperation.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.10-18
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• 1992

Intelligent Network offers network operators significant opportunities to provide new services such as Freephone service and Credit Calling service. To realize the IN capabilities it is required to introduce several new components into the existing telecommunication network. Among them Service Control Point is regarded as a keystone node of Intelligent Network. This paper discusses the architecture design and implementation of NICS(Network Information Control System), which is a combined system of SCP and SMS. Service processing aspects are discussed in detail among the functions of NICS, and service management and test environment of service logic are presented also. The field trial of NICS which has been developed to provide Freephone Service and Credit Calling Service is scheduled at the end of 1993.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.145-170
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• 2003

Open Decision Support System(DSS) is an automated and transparent system that is built to be shared both within and across organizations. The open DSS has been thought to be a set of decision components that are communicating through Web protocols. These characteristics intuitively invite the Web services concepts, which are currently one of the new trends in network-based business services. However, web services still are not active enough to be autonomous, and to provide for composing functionalities. These lead to the motivation on building a sophisticated web service to contain these features and to utilize web services on behalf of the user. This paper aims to propose a new concept of Meta Web Service, a web service-based open DSS. Decision modules in a dynamic and open DSS can be viewed as a web service. The Meta Web Service understands the users problem statement with ontology, performs web service discovery, web service composition, and automatically generates codes for composite web service execution. A prototype of example web service has been developed to show the feasibility of the proposed idea.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.567-573
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• 2015

In this study, volatile compounds in nine commercial Japanese distilled liquors (Shochu) were isolated by headspace solid-phase microexrraction (SPME) and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry (MS). A total of 76 volatile components, including 48 esters, 13 alcohols, and 15 miscellaneous components, were identified. Esters and alcohols constituted the largest groups of quantified volatiles. Differences in volatile components among the distilled liquors and possible sample grouping were examined by applying principal component analyses to the GC-MS data sets. The first and second principal components explained 77.92% of the total variation across the samples. The samples using barley koji showed higher overall concentrations of total volatile components. Additionally, the principal component analysis did not reveal any sample grouping based on the raw material used.