• KNOM Review
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2018

Network virtualization refers to a technology creating independent virtual network environment on a physical network. Network virtualization technology can share the physical network resources to reduce the cost of establishing the network for each user and enables the network administrator to dynamically change the network configuration according to the purpose. Although the network management can be handled dynamically, the management is manual, and it does not maximize the profit of network virtualization. In this paper, we propose Machine-Learning technology to allow the network to learn by itself and manage its management dynamically. The proposed approach is to dynamically allocate appropriate resources by predicting resource demand of VNF in service function chaining, which is a core and essential problem in virtual network management. Our goal is to predict the resource demand of the VNF and dynamically allocate the appropriate resources to reduce the cost of network operation while preventing service interruption.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.55-70
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• 2018

Recently, as shared transportation services has expanded, integrated mobility services that link personal transportation and public transportation are paid attention. To do this, it is necessary to analyze trip mode chaining behavior. This study analyzed the characteristics of the trip mode chaining behavior using the 2010 travel diary survey in Seoul, and analyzed factors to affect mode choice of trip chaining through the multinomial logit model. The transportation means were classified into passenger cars, city buses, intercity buses, railways, taxis, and others, and 25 trip mode chaining types were identified. Among them, the trip share connected between city bus and railways was the highest. It was also found that the trip mode chaining occurred mainly at commuting and in the morning and afternoon peak. According to the model results, the mode choice of trip chaining is significantly influenced by individual attributes (sex and age), household attributes (car ownership and income), trip attributes (trip purpose, trip time and trip length), and arrival area attributes (number of subway lines and bus lines, ratio of commercial area, land use mix and central region).

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.85-96
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• 2017

IoT-Cloud service, integration of Internet of Things (IoT) and Cloud, is becoming a critical model for realizing creative and futuristic application services. Since IoT machines have little computing capacity, it is effective to attaching public Cloud resources for realizing IoT-Cloud service. Furthermore, utilizing containers and adopting a microservice architecture for developing IoT-Cloud service are useful for effective realization. The quality of microservice based IoT-Cloud service is affected by service function chaining which inter-connects each functions. For example, an issue with some of the functions or a bottleneck of inter-connection can degrade the service quality. To ensure functionality of the entire service, various test procedures considering various service environments are required to improve the service continuously. Hence in this paper, we introduce experimental realization of continuous integration based on DevOps and employ application performance monitoring for Node.js based IoT-Cloud service. Then we discuss its effectiveness.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.451-453
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• 2016

In this paper, we propose a Load Balance System for SFC based on DLP solution. SFC based on DLP solution does not distribute to the user data and each DLP server manages all traffic generated by the user device. When using existing algorithms such as the Load Balance Round Robin, Least Connection does not consider the resource usage of DLP server so traffic is not efficiently distributed due to different user traffic usage. It causes system failure and overload of the DLP server. Therefore, we propose the architecture of a Load Balance system for SFC based on DLP solution to perform the Load Balance based on the resource usage of DLP server through a LBM server in this paper.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.65-68
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• 2018

오늘날 네트워크 서비스에 대한 수요가 증가함에 따라 네트워크 트래픽 또한 증가하고 있다. 이는 네트워크 서비스 구성을 복잡하게 만들어 최종 사용자에게 전달되는 네트워크 기능의 동적 구성이 요구된다. Service Function Chaining (SFC)은 일련의 Service Function (SF) 세트로 구성된 새로운 네트워크 서비스 배포 모델이다. SFC는 특정 서비스에 따라 플로우를 분류하여 네트워크 운영자의 효율적인 서비스 제공을 보장한다. SFC의 성능은 SFC를 구성하는 SF Instance (SFI)와 상관 관계를 가진다. 이때 다수의 SFC 환경에서 단일의 SFI 사용 시, 트래픽 오버플로우가 발생할 수 있다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 확장 가능한 SFC 프로비저닝을 위한 Monitoring as a Service (MaaS)를 제안한다.

• KNOM Review
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2020

Network Function Virtualization (NFV) is a key technology of 5G networks that has the advantage of enabling building and operating networks flexibly. However, NFV can complicate network management because it creates numerous virtual resources that should be managed. In NFV environments, service function chaining (SFC) composed of virtual network functions (VNFs) is widely used to apply a series of network functions to traffic. Therefore, it is required to dynamically allocate the right amount of computing resources or instances to SFC for meeting service requirements. In this paper, we propose Deep Q-Networks (DQN)-based auto-scaling to operate the appropriate number of VNF instances in SFC. The proposed approach not only resizes the number of VNF instances in SFC composed of multi-tier architecture but also selects a tier to be scaled in response to dynamic traffic forwarding through SFC.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.122-125
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• 2018

최근 다양한 네트워크 서비스에 대한 수요가 증가함에 따라 Service Function (SF)의 동적 구성을 위한 유연한 모델이 요구된다. Service Function Chaining (SFC)은 일련의 SF로 구성된 새로운 네트워크 서비스 배포 모델을 정의한다. Software Defined Networking (SDN)은 제어 평면을 중앙 집중화함으로써 네트워크 트래픽 제어를 단순화하여 SFC동작에 중요한 역할을 한다. SDN 기반 SFC(SD_SFC)는 SF 장애를 감지하기 위한 모니터링 시스템이 필요하다. 그러나 기존의 모니터링 방식은 모든 SF에 Monitoring Agent(MA)를 배치하기 때문에 높은 시그널링 비용을 가진다. 본 논문에서는 최소한의 SF에 MA를 배치함으로써 시그널링 비용을 줄이는 SFC모니터링 방식을 제안한다. 제안하는 SF selection 알고리즘은 최적화된 SF 집합을 사용하여 오버로드된 SF를 반환하여 MA를 배치한다. 우리는 제안 시스템의 효율성을 평가하기 위해 테스트베드 구현을 통해 실험하였다. 실험 결과에 따르면 우리는 기존 방식에 비해서 시그널링 비용을 59.2% 절감하였다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.107-118
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• 2012

The purpose of the study is to analyze the travel characteristics of freight trucks in metropolitan areas, focusing on activity generation, destination choice, and trip chaining behaviors. The results showed that the number of service companies at departure areas has a primary influence on the activity generation pattern and destination choice behavior of trucks in metropolitan areas. The number of trips within a trip chain is largest, in case where the prevailing industry in destination areas is wholesale or retail and the shipment item is food or beverage. These results imply that for the reasonable estimation of truck travel demand both the trip chaining behaviors and the industrial compositions in departure and destination areas should be separately considered for each type of commodity.

• Journal of KIISE
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.23-32
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• 2015

In the Android market, a large portion of the market share consists of third party applications, but not much research has been performed in this respect. Of these applications, mobile Voice Over IP (VoIP) applications are one of the types of applications that are used the most. In this paper, we focus on user authentication methods for three representative applications of the Google Voice service, which is a famous mobile VoIP application. Then, with respect to the Android file system, we developed a method to store and to send user information for authentication. Finally, we demonstrate a vulnerability in the mechanism and propose an improved mechanism for user authentication by using hash chaining and an elliptic curve Diffie-Hellman key exchange.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2007.10d
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• pp.545-549
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• 2007

유비쿼터스 환경에서 사용자는 장소의 이동에 상관없이 지속적인 서비스를 제공받아야 한다. 이동 중에 서비스 지속성을 보장하려면 대체 서비스를 검색하는 기술뿐만 아니라, 새로운 대체 서비스의 사용을 위한 서비스 인터페이스 간 불일치를 해결할 수 있는 기술이 필요하다. 인터페이스 불일치 문제를 해결하는 대표적인 방법은 인터페이스 어댑터를 사용하는 것이다. 하지만, 어댑터 개발의 부담이 크다는 단점이 있어, 이를 보완하기 위한 방법으로 어댑터의 반자동 생성이나 어댑터 체인 기법에 대한 연구들이 있다. 본 논문에서는 적응 손실 측면에서 최적의 어댑터 체인을 생성하는 기법을 제안한다. 제안한 기법은 기존의 어댑터 제인 기법에서 고려하지 못했던 단일 인터페이스 내의 메소드 의존성을 고려하여 적응손실을 측정하는 방법과 이를 반영하여 어댑터 체인을 생성하는 어댑터 제인 생성 알고리즘으로 구성된다. 시뮬레이션을 통해 제안한 기법이 비교적 짧은 시간 내에 최적의 어댑터 체인을 생성할 수 있음을 보인다.