• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.13-17
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• 2003

The hepatoprotective effect of the ethanolic extract of Coccinia indica fruits in rats treated with carbon tetrachloride. In hepatotoxic rats, liver damage was studied by assessing parameters such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (AlT), alkaline phosphatase (AIP) and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) in serum, and concentrations of total proteins, total lipids, phospholipids, triglycerides and cholesterol in both serum and liver. The effect of co-administration of ethanolic extract on the above parameters was further investigated. Histopathological study of the liver in experimental animals was also undertaken. Hepatic damage as evidenced by a rise in the levels of AST, AIT, AIP and GGT in serum, and also changes observed in other biochemical parameters In serum and liver showed a tendency to attain near normalcy in animals co-administered with the extract. The normal values for AST (IU/L), AIP (IU/I), protein (g/100 ml) and total lipids (mg/100 ml) in serum (i.e.,20.24, 70.04, 5.72 and 135.54 respectively) were found to alter towards values 32.61, 127.11, 3.83 and 265.91 in hepatotoxic rats. These parameters Attained near normal values (I.e.,22.82, 79.30, 5.22 and 151.24 for AST, AIP protein and total lipids respectively) in ethanolic extract co-administered rats. Profound steatosis, ballooning degeneration and nodule formation observed in the hepatic architecture of $CCl_4$ treated rats were found to acquire near-normalcy in drug co-administered rats, thus corroborating the biochemical observations. Thus the study substantiates the hepatoprotective potential of ethanolic extract of Coccinia indica fruits.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.684-691
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• 2016

In this study, we analyzed the biochemical factors in lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) leaf, stem, and yeonjabang and their effects on serum factor levels in mice fed a high-fat (HF) diet. The loutus leaf showed $9.47{\pm}0.30%$ moisture content, $8.25{\pm}0.39%$ ash, $21.45{\pm}1.25%$ crude protein, and $2.21{\pm}0.13%$ crude fat content; the lotus stem showed $11.84{\pm}0.43%$ moisture, $10.21{\pm}0.64%$ ash, $17.55{\pm}0.92%$ crude protein, and $4.16{\pm}0.23%$ crude fat content; and the lotus yeonjabang showed $11.86{\pm}0.50%$ moisture, $6.81{\pm}0.51%$ ash, $18.71{\pm}1.02%$ crude protein, and $3.95{\pm}0.15%$ crude fat. Blood triglyceride levels were higher in the HF group ($146.43{\pm}38.81mg/dL$), and lower in the HF+yeonjabang groups ($98.00{\pm}17.18mg/dL$). In particular, blood triglyceride levels were significantly lower in the groups that had 10% dry yeonjabang powder added to the high-fat diet. The inclusion of excessive high-fat diet increased concentrations of serum insulin and leptin. Serum leptin concentrations were highest in the HF group mice ($3.00{\pm}1.35ng/dL$), whereas they were significantly lower in the HF+yeonjabang groups by $1.34{\pm}0.52ng/dL$ (p<0.05). Thus, addition of dry yeonjabang powder to the high-fat diet was more effective in regulating the levels of serum triglycerides and leptin in mice. Additional studies would help in the development of yeonjabang as a functional food.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권8호
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• pp.1323-1331
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• 2020

Objective: Three types of dietary fiber were fed to sows during gestation and lactation stages to monitor their physiological and metabolic adaptations during the pre-partum period and to determine how these effects may influence the lactation period and sow performance. Methods: Soon after breeding, 54 sows were selected and were fed with 20% supplementation as fed of wheat bran (WB), soya hulls (SH), or rice hulls (RH) in diets during gestation and lactation. Sows were weighed, backfat thickness was measured ultrasonically and jugular blood samples were collected from all sows. The litter size was equalized to 10, by fostering piglets from sows on the same treatment. Results: Sows gained 22.0, 21.8, and 25.5 kg of net maternal body weight during gestation (for WB, SH, and RH sows, respectively; p = 0.007). There was no treatment effect on the body weight change during lactation (p = 0.158), however RH sows consumed an average of 133.66 kg of feed, WB sows took 121.29 kg and SH sows took 126.77 kg during lactation (p<0.001). The SH litters gained an average of 59.34 kg of weight during lactation, while other litters gained 51.58 and 49.98 kg (for WB and RH litters, respectively; p<0.001). Exception for aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, measured serum biochemical values were broadly in agreement with earlier reports. Despite the use of additional vegetable oil to balance the energy level, RH sows still had lower concentrations of serum triglycerides in late gestation. Conclusion: Different types of fibrous ingredients in the gestation diet influenced most of the investigated reference values for sows. The values of serum biochemical parameters were generally not affected by fiber type during the lactation stage. The SH supplementation for sows is an effective approach to give heavier litters at birth and weaning and to increase voluntary feed intake in early lactation.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2005

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Lentinus edodes which were harvested at different times of maturity on blood glucose and lipid levels in diabetic mice. The diabetic KK mice were fed diets supplemented with Lentinus edodes harvested early (LE) or late (LL) for eight weeks, and control (CO) mice were fed regular diet without Lentinus edodes. Diet intake, body weight, organ weight, blood glucose and serum lipid levels were measured. The mice which were fed diets supplemented with LE and LL showed significantly lower body weights compared to the CO group. There were no significant differences in the diet intake and the weights of different organs including liver, heart, kidneys, and epididymal fat pad among three different groups. Furthermore, the concentrations of serum triglycerides and total cholesterol were significantly lower in LE and LL groups compared to the CO group. These results clearly demonstrate that Lentinus edodes, regardless of their harvested period reduced body weight and serum lipid without affecting blood glucose level in diabetic mice.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.176-183
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• 2010

The hypoglycemic effects of red ginsgeng-chungkukjang plus seaweeds, green laver and sea tangle, in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats were investigated. Five groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing $140\pm10$ g (10 animals/group) were fed for four weeks with the following: nondiabetic control (NC group); STZ-induced diabetic (D group); diabetic rats fed 3% red ginseng (20%, w/w)-chungkukjang (D-RC group); diabetic rats fed RC containing 10% (w/w) green laver powder (D-RCG group); diabetic rats fed RC containing 10% (w/w) sea tangle powder (D-RCS group). Partially normalized body weight gain, FER, and blood glucose levels were observed in the D-RC, D-RCG and D-RCS groups as compared to the D group. In these three groups, serum levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol were found to be lower than in the D group, whereas HDL-cholesterol levels increased. Serum insulin level in D was significantly lower than that of NC, although D-RC, D-RCG, and D-RCS almost recovered to the NC. Serum ALT activity was markedly increased in the D group, while the serum ALT levels in the D-RC, D-RCG, and D-RCS were almost the same as the NC group. Due to diabetes, hepatic xanthine oxidase (XO) activity was significantly increased and administration of red ginseng-chungkukjang or seaweeds resulted in decreased levels of the XO activity. Activity of hepatic antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) were significantly decreased in the D group, but the activity in the D-RC, D-RCG, and D-RCS groups were similar to that of the NC group. Results of the present study indicate that supplementation of red ginseng-chungkukjang with seaweed after the onset of diabetes ameliorated hyperglycemia via an increase in serum insulin.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.570-576
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• 1999

This study was carried out to examine the effects of alcohol on serum lipid levels. Subjects of this study were 50 military officers living in Honsung, Korea, 25 of whom consumed alcohol on a regular basis and 25 of whom did not. All subjects were previously informed of the purpose of the study and the methods of food intake reporting and blood testing. The age distribution range of subjects was 30-49 years. Weight, height, and body mass index(BMI) were not significantly different between the two groups. Blood pressure was compared, and it was found that the drinker group had mean systolic(SBP) and diastolic blood pressures(DBP) 10mmHg higher than the non-drinker group. Nutrient intake levels of the two groups were not significantly different and were adequate with respect to the recommended dietary allowances. It was found that the drinker group ingested more calories, protein, fat and vitamn B1 than the non-drinker group, while the non-drinker group ingested more carbohydrate, calcium, iron, vitamin A, niacin and ascorbic acid. These differences were believed caused by increased caloric intake from alcohol and additional intake of meat served with drinks for the drinking group. Fourteen of the twenty-five drinkers(56%) had drank regularly for five to ten years. Most drinkers drank 2-3 times per week, with alcohol intake less than two bottles(720ml)of distilled liquor(Soju) at a time. Meat was often served with alcohol as reported by 72% of the drinker group, and was believed to contribute to raised intake of calories, protein and fat in this group. Serum lipid levels of both groups were classified as normal, but the components of total cholesterol, triglycerides were significantly higher in drinkers than non-drinkers. The correlation between triglyceride levels and alcohol intake at one sitting was shown to be significantly positive(r=0.57, p<0.01), so it was believed that triglyceride elevation was associated more with heavy drinking than light drinking. We can conclude that if alcohol is consumed with a normal diet, then serum cholesterol, triglyceride and total lipid levels are expected to increase.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.385-391
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• 2023

본 연구는 혈중 비타민 E 농도와 대사증후군의 관련성을 살펴보고 비타민 E의 신체에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 한다. 분석 자료는 질병관리본부에서 시행한 국민건강영양조사 제7기 3차 (2018년도) 자료를 사용하였으며 본 연구에서는 만 19세 이상 성인은 대상으로 혈중 비타민 E의 농도를 검사한 대상자 중 남자 944명, 여자 1,080명을 최종 분석하였다. 자료 분석은 일반적 특성에 따른 혈중 비타민 E 농도 차이는 Chi-square와 t- test로, 혈청 비타민 E 농도와 대사증후군 하부요인들 간의 관계는 Pearson 상관관계로, 혈중 비타민 E 농도와 관련된 대사증후군 지표는 로지스틱 회귀분석을 하였다. 대사증후군의 하부요인과 혈중 비타민 E의 회귀분석 결과 HDL-cholesterol이 정상군이 과잉군에 비해 높았으며(OR:1.042, CI:1.028-1.056), 중성지방도 정상군에 비해 유의미하게 높았다(OR:1.010, CI:1.009-1.012)(p<0.01). 따라서 본 연구를 통하여 환자의 연령에 맞는 영양 및 건강프로그램을 개발할 것을 제안한다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.265-272
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• 2003

동충하초(C. militaris)의 균사체 액체배양액이 고지방 식이를 섭취한 성숙한 암쥐의 생리활성에 미치는 영향을 평가하고자, 생후 30주령의 흰쥐에 표준식이를 급여한 정상군, 표준식이에 15% 돈지와 1% 콜레스테롤을 첨가한 식이를 급여한 고지방군, 고지방 식이에 균사체 액체배양액을 각각 10%, 20% 및 30%씩 음료수에 혼합하여 급여한 군 등 5군으로 나누어 5주간 사육하였다. 실험동물의 체중증가, 식이효율, 및 간의 무게는 고지방군과 각 수준별 균사체 배양액군이 비슷한 수준을 보였으나 정상군 보다는 유의하게 증가되었다. 간의 총 지질 농도, 간과 혈청의 중성지질 농도 및 동맥경화지수는 고지방군에 비하여 20%와 30% 균사체 배양액군이 유의하게 감소시키는 효과가 나타났다. 혈청의 HDL-콜레스테롤 농도는 고지방군에 비하여 각 수준별 균사체 배양액군이 유의하게 증가시키는 효과가 나타났다. 분중 중성지질 배설량은 고지방군에 비하여 20%와 30% 균사체 배양액군이 유의하게 증가되었다. 간과 혈청의 총 콜레스테롤 농도, 혈청의 LDL-콜레스테롤 농도, 분의 콜레스테롤 배설량, 및 혈청의 GPT와 ALP의 활성은 고지방군과 각 수준별 균사체 배양액군이 비슷한 경향으로 나타났으나 정상군 보다는 유의하게 증가되었다. 총 콜레스테롤에 대한 HDL-콜레스테롤 비율은 정상군에 비하여 각 실험군이 유의하게 감소되었다. 혈당, 혈청의 총 단백질과 알부민 농도, 알부민/글로불린 비율, 신장과 대퇴골의 무게, 혈청의 COT와 ${\gamma}$-CTP의 활성은 정상군과 각 실험군이 비슷하여 정상 수준을 유지하였다. 이상의 결과로 보아 고지방 식이에 20% 및 30% 동충하초의 균사체 액체배양액 섭취가 간의 총 지질, 간과 혈청의 중성지질 농도 및 동맥경화지수를 낮추는 효과가 있고, HDL- 콜레스테롤 농도를 증가시키는 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.각된다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.84-93
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• 2018

This study was conducted to develop a pasture feeding program for reducing the Hanwoo feeding cost. Italian ryegrass (IRG) is a major plant which is abundantly produced in the southern area of South Korea. Locally produced Italian ryegrass has a 30 - 50% reduced pasture cost compared to imported pasture grasses. We hypothesized that Italian ryegrass feed could reduce the feeding cost but not change the physiological characteristics of the Hanwoo steers in the feedlot. Four treatments (Control, short fed IRG silage, long fed IRG silage, and IRG hay) in a completely random design were used to feed 27 Hanwoo steers. Three or four steers were fed in the same pen, and 8 pens were used for the treatments. Blood was drawn from each steer on the first week of every month from 11 to 30 months. Overall, the average daily gain and feed efficiency were not different among the treatments (p < 0.05) except for the final fattening diets (p < 0.05). The long fed IRG silage group had a low ADG compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). The serum non-esterified fatty acid and glucose concentrations were reduced during the fattening periods (p < 0.05); however, the serum albumin, total proteins, triglycerides, and phosphorus were increased during the fattening periods (p < 0.05). The carcass weight, longissimus muscle area and back-fat thickness were low in the long fed IRG silage group (p < 0.05). The IRG diet induced saturated fatty acids in the longissimus dorsi (p < 0.05). These results show that the IRG diet increased the serum triglycerides but reduced the glucose level at the final fattening diet and decreased the meat yield score in Hanwoo steers.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.369-377
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• 2013

본 실험은 육계의 서로 다른 농도의 에너지와 단백질이 생산성과 혈액성상 및 BMD에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 두 차례 실시하였다. 실험 1에서 총 480수의 Ross ${\times}$ Ross 병아리를 무작위로 6처리구(5반복; 16수/펜)로 나누어 배치하였다. 처리구는 사료 내 ME는 3,000, 3,100, 3,200 kcal/kg 수준으로 하였고 CP는 초기 22, 23%, 전기 20, 21%, 후기 18, 19% 수준으로 하였다. 실험 2에서는 실험 1과 유사하게 병아리와 CP를 적용하였으며, 사료 내 ME 수준을 변형하였다(초기 : 3,000, 3,050, 3,100 kcal/kg, 전기 : 3,050, 3,100, 3,150 kcal/kg, 후기 : 3,100, 3,150, 3,200 kcal/kg). 두 실험에서 처리구당 10수씩 혈액과 경골 샘플을 채취하였고, 혈액성상과 BMD를 분석하였다. 실험 1에서 증체량과 사료섭취량은 3,000 kcal/kg의 에너지를 급여한 처리구에서 증가되었다(P<0.05). 혈청 총 단백질과 albumin 농도는 CP의 수준이 증가함에 따라 수치적으로 증가하였다. 총 콜레스테롤과 HDL의 함유량은 에너지 함유량의 증가에 따라 수치적으로 증가하였다. 실험 2에서 증체량은 일관되게 에너지와 단백질 수준의 증가에 따라 수치적으로 증가하였다(초기 $3,000{\times}23$, 전기 $3,050{\times}21$, 후기 3,100 kcal/kg ME와 19% CP). 혈청 glucose 수준은 에너지 수준이 높아짐에 따라 증가됐다(P<0.05). 따라서 혈청 총 단백질, albumin, triglycerides, 총 콜레스테롤 그리고 HDL 함유량은 사료 에너지 증가에 따라 증가하는 경향이 있다.