• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.192-197
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• 2010

The seeds of Raphanus sativus L. (RSL) and Phaseolus calcaratus Roxburgh (PHCR), the root of Scutellaria baicalensis (SB), and the flower of Lonicera japonica (LJ) have been traditionally used as herbal medicines for anti-inflammation. Unlike the SB and LJ, little information is available for the scientific bases that show the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of RSL and PHCR. In this study, we prepared boiled water extracts from the medicines and determined their potentials in inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) production, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-$\alpha$ and interleukin (IL)-6 secretion in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. The effects of the medicines on serum IgE levels in ovalbumin (OVA)-administrated mice were also studied. The medicines inhibited production of TNF-$\alpha$ and IL-6, and COX-2 expression in LPSstimulated macrophages. Especially, PHCR water extract showed more potent inhibition on TNF-$\alpha$ production than SB and LJ extracts, but RSL extract did not exert these effects. Similar to the cases of SB and LJ, PHCR extract prevented the phosphorylation of $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ and c-Jun, and the activation of NF-${\kappa}B$-DNA binding. Further, oral supplementation of PHCR extract attenuated significantly serum levels of total and OVA-specific IgE in OVAtreated animals. These results suggest a possibility that PHCR water extract can be used for the treatment of inflammatory and allergic diseases.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권5호
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• pp.998-1007
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• 2021

Brine mineral water (BMW) is groundwater near the deep sea, and the mineral component of the BMW is different from the water of the deep sea because the components of BMW are derived from the unique geographical features surrounding it. Recently, BMW has attracted attention due to the unique health-related minerals it possesses; however, the influence of BMW on physiological function has not yet been determined in domestic animals. Therefore, this experiment investigated the influence of BMW on the growth performance, water intake, blood properties, and immunoglobulin (Ig) levels of serum in growing-finishing pigs. A total of 64 pig barrows (Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc) with an average initial weight of 40.56 ± 0.17 kg were used in the experiment, and 0%, 2%, 3%, and 5% samples of BMW diluted with freshwater were provided to experimental animals during the 56 days. We found that the gain/feed ratio in the 3% BMW group was significantly higher than that in the 5% BMW group of growing-finishing pigs (p < 0.05). The water intake was significantly increased in the 5% BMW group compared with the other groups (p < 0.05) of growing-finishing pigs. Additionally, the concentrations of red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin (HGB), and hematocrit (HCT) were significantly higher in the 3% BMW group than in the control group. The level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was higher in the 3% BMW group than in the 5% BMW group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, IgG and IgM levels in the serum were significantly higher in the 2% and 3% BMW groups than in the control group (p < 0.05). These results suggest that a dilution of 3% BMW in the intake water could improve the levels of RBCs and serum Igs in growing-finishing pigs.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.18-25
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• 2005

Objectives: It has a growing interest in the prevention and medical treatment of allergic rhinitis. According to many studies, it's known that Sinicheongpye-um has the inhibitory effect on the allergic rhinitis. We have studied effect of the mice on OVA-induced Production of IL-4, IL-5, $Interferone-{\gamma}$ by Murine Splenocytes and effect of OVA-induced Total IgE. Methods: Mixing Ovalbumin(OVA) $10{\mu}g$ into PBS(phoshate buffered saline) and $Al(OH)_3$, gel solution and changing into $1\;m{\ell}$, we made it into OVA solution. That was administered to normal group. After the last administration into abdominal cavity, we caused allergic rhinitis in nasal cavity of mouse of control group and sample group administering 0.1% solution dropwise 3 times a day for 7 days. Keeping separated serum at -20 degree and after refloating spleen cells, cultivating the cells and centrifuging the upper liquid and keeping it at -20 degree, we measured the amount of IL-4. IL-5, $Interferone-{\gamma}$ and OVA-induced Total IgE by ELISA. Results: 1. In Total IgE, Sinichengpae-um treated group was proved significant inhibitory effect.(p<0.05) 2. In IL-4 study, Sinichengpae-um treated group was proved significant inhibitory effect.(p<0.005) 3. In IL-4 study, Sinichengpae-um treated group was proved significant inhibitory effect.(p<0.001) 4. In $Interferone-{\gamma}$ study, Sinichengpae-um treated group showed a increasing tendency. Conclusion: Based on the above result, it is considered that Sinichengpae-um has the inhibitory effect on the allergic rhinitis of mice and suggested thai it could be used in relieving patients of the symptoms which are caused by allergic rhinitis.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.129-153
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• 2001

Background: SMG (升麻葛根湯加味方) is an herbal medicine which has been used in oriental medicine as a traditional therapeutic agent of pruritus and skin disease. Objective: This study was performed to investigate the effect of SMG on the anti-hypersensitivity and immune response in the murine of type I hypersensitivity induced by the experiment. Materials and Methods: Laboratory rats were primary sensitized with OA (ovalbumin); on day 1, rats of a Control group and Sample group (SMG group) were systemically immunized by subcutaneous injection of 1mg OA and 300mg of Al(OH)3 in a total volume of 2ml saline. The rats of the sample group were orally administered with an SMG water extract for 14 days after primary immunization. On day 14 after the systemic immunization, rats received local immunization by inhaling $0.9\%$ saline aerosol containing $2\%$(wt/vol) OA. A day after local immunization, BAL fluid and peripheral blood were collected from the rats. Total cell, lymphocyte, $CD4^+\;T\;cell,\;CD8^+\;T\;cell,\;CD4^+/CD8^+$ ratio in the BALF, and IgE, $CD4^+\;T\;cell,\;CD8^+$ T cell in the peripheral blood were measured and evaluated. Results: SMG showed a suppressive effect on the immune response in the rats. 1. Total Cells in the BALF decreased in the SMG treated group in comparison group, but statistic differences were not observed. 2. Total lymphocytes in the BALF were statistically decreased in SMG treated group in comparison to the control group. 3. CD4+ T cells in the BALF were statistically decreased in SMG treated group in comparison to the control group. 4. CD8+ T cells in the BALF were decreased in SMG treated group in comparison to the control group, but statistic differences were not observed. 5. The ratio of CD4+/CD8+ in the BALF was statistically decreased in SMG treated group in comparison to the control group. 6. The IgE level in serum was statistically decreased in SMG treated group in comparison to the control group. 7. The ratio of CD4+ and CD8+ in peripheral blood showed undetectable differences between each group of rats. From the experiment cited above, this study shows that SMG has both anti-hypersensitivity effects and immunoregulatory effects when administered to rats. Based on this experiment, it is suggested that SMG could be a useful immunomodulator and anti-allergy agent.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제54권9호
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• pp.373-379
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• 2011

Purpose: 4-1BB (CD 137) is a costimulatory molecule expressed on activated T-cells. Repression by 4-1BB is thought to attenuate Th2-mediated allergic reactions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 4-1BB on allergic airway inflammation in a murine asthma model. Methods: BALB/c mice were sensitized to and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA). Hu.4-1BB-Fc was administered 1 day before the first OVA sensitization or 1 day after the second OVA sensitization. Following antigen challenge, airway responsiveness to methacholine was assessed and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid was analyzed. Total immunoglobulin (Ig) E, OVA-specific IgE, $IgG_1$, and $IgG_{2a}$ levels in sera were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Lung pathology was also evaluated. Results: In mice treated with Hu.4-1BB-Fc before the first OVA sensitization, there was a marked decrease in airway hyperresponsiveness, total cell count, and eosinophil count in the BAL fluid. In addition, Hu.4-1BB-Fc treatment decreased serum OVA-specific $IgG_1$ levels and increased serum $IgG_{2a}$ level significantly compared with the corresponding levels in mice sensitized to and challenged with OVA. Hu.4-1BB-Fc-treated mice also showed suppressed peribronchial and perivascular inflammatory cell infiltration. In contrast, treatment with Hu.4-1BB-Fc 1 day after sensitization had no effect on airway hyperresponsiveness and showed less suppression of inflammation in lung tissue. Conclusion: Administration of Hu.4-1BB-Fc can attenuate airway inflammation and hyperreactivity in a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation. In addition, administration before sensitization may be more effective. These findings suggest that 4-1BB may be a useful therapeutic molecule against asthma.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.263-291
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• 2009

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of YHJST on atopic dermatitis in an experiment using an NC/Nga mice induced by DNCB, which has histological and clinical similarities to the condition in humans. Methods To investigate the effect of YHJST on atopic dermatitis(AD), we evaluated atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions by clinical skin index and analyzed immunological parameters in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) and performed skin histology in ears and dorsal skin of NC/Nga ato-mouse. Results YHJST medicines decreased Serum level of IgE, IL-6, TNF-$\alpha$. Also total number of $CD69^+$, $CD3^+$ in PBMCs, absolute cell number of $CCR3^+CD3^+$, $CD11b^+Gr-1^+$ in Dorsal skin tissue, Serum IgG1, IgM, IgG2a and IgG2b decreased significantly. Furthermore YHJST is extremely effective to histological symptoms; dermal and epidermal thickening, hyperkeratosis and inflammatory cell infiltration and suppressed histologic infiltration of $CD4^+$ & $CCR3^+$ in ear and dorsal skin lesions significantly. YHJST decreased gene-expression of IL-6, TNF-$\alpha$, CCR3, Eotaxin mRNA than that of control group. Conclusions YHJST on atopic dermatitis to atopic dermatitis NC/Nga mouse induced DNCB was incredibly effective.

• 생약학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2010

The Salvia plebeia R. which is the biennial plant belonging to the Labiatae department, grows naturally in the Korea entire area. Presently, its extract (SPRE) is known to have an anti-inflammation and anti-allergy activity, but there are a few evidences about it. SPRE inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokine such as TNF-$\alpha$ and IL-6 as well as nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treated- macrophages. The co-administration of SPRE during OVA sensitization significantly reduced total IgE levels in mice. The mice who received SPRE co-administered with OVA showed a significant increase in serum OVA-specific IgG2a/b levels. Spleen-cell cultures harvested from OVA-sensitized mice showed a significant decrease in Th2 cytokine levels with a concomitant increase in Th1 cytokine levels only when SPRE co-administered with OVA. These results demonstrate that SPRE can control the LPS-induced inflammatory reaction and prevent antigen-induced Th2 immune responses in mice.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권5호
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• pp.1034-1063
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• 2021

The experiment was designed as a 3 × 3 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments, including (i) pomegranate peel (zero, 4%, and 8 percent), (ii) oxidized soybean oil (zero, 2%, and 4 percent), and (iii) alpha-tocopherol (zero and 200 mg/kg). Supplementation of 8% pomegranate peel in diets significantly decreased the growth performance of broiler chickens. The supplementation of 4% oxidized oil in diets significantly reduced body weight gain and Feed intake whole experimental period (p < 0.05). The results showed that supplementation of 4% pomegranate peel in the diet was associated with low aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase, and malondialdehyde (MDA). However, 4% pomegranate peel increased the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities. The supplemental 4% oxidized oil increased the serum AST, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and MDA concentrations. TAC, SOD, and Catalase (CAT) activities were affected by 4% oxidized oil and alpha-tocopherol. The use of oxidized oil and vitamin E decreased MDA concentration. The serum glucose and globulin concentrations were significantly lower in the 8% pomegranate peel. The results showed that supplementation with 4% pomegranate peel in diets reduced serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL). The inclusion of 4% oxidized oil in diets reduced serum glucose and increased the blood lipid concentration such as triglyceride, cholesterol and LDL. Vitamin E supplementation reduced the serum cholesterol and LDL concentrations. The use of 8% pomegranate peel reduced red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin, and packed cell value (PCV). The results indicated that supplementation with 8% pomegranate peel and 4% oxidized oil in diets decreased the immunoglobulin concentration in broilers. In addition, it was found that the inclusion of 4% pomegranate peel in diets resulted in higher IgG, IgM and total immunoglobulin. Pomegranate peel supplementation significantly decreased meat MDA concentration. Supplementation of 4% oxidized oil increased MDA of meat (p < 0.05). Vitamin E supplementation (200 mg/kg) significantly decreased MDA of meat (p < 0.05). Consequently, the results of this experiment showed that supplementation with 4% pomegranate peel had beneficial effects on broiler chickens. It was also found that feeding 2% oxidized oil in diets had no adverse effect on broilers.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제44권8호
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• pp.1121-1127
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• 2015

2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene(DNCB) 유도 아토피 피부염 BALB/c 모델에서 외톨개 모자반 에탄올 추출물(MMEE)의 항아토피 효과를 알아보기 위해 육안평가, severity score, 혈청 내 total immunoglobulin E(IgE), interleukin(IL)-4, tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$($TNF-{\alpha}$), IL-10 분비량 및 비장 세포 배양액 내 IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, $interferon-{\gamma}$($IFN-{\gamma}$) 분비량을 측정하였다. DNCB 반복 도포로 아토피 피부염 증상인 건조, 홍반, 짓무름 등의 증상이 두드러지게 나타남을 확인하였고, 이러한 아토피 피부염의 증상은 MMEE의 처리로 인해 증상이 감소되는 것으로 나타났다. Severity score에서도 MMEE의 처리로 인해 DNCB 단독 처리군에 비해 점수가 낮아짐을 확인하였다. 혈청에서 total IgE 및 cytokine의 분비량을 측정한 결과 total IgE, $TNF-{\alpha}$, IL-4의 분비량은 DNCB 단독 처리군에서 증가하였으나 MMEE 처리구에서 normal 군과 유사한 수준으로 감소됨을 확인하였다. 반면 IL-10의 분비량은 DNCB 단독 처리군에서는 normal 군에 비해 감소하였으나 MMEE 처리구에서는 증가하였다. 비장세포 배양액 내에서 cytokine의 분비량을 측정한 결과 IL-4, IL-13 및 IL-5의 분비량은 DNCB 단독 처리군에서는 증가하였으나 MMEE 처리구에서는 normal 군과 유사한 수준으로 감소하였으며, $IFN-{\gamma}$의 분비량은 DNCB 단독 처리군에서는 감소하였으나 MMEE 처리구에서는 증가하여 정상군과 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 따라서 MMEE는 DNCB 유도 아토피 피부염 동물 모델에서 Th1/Th2 cytokine의 활성 조절 및 total IgE 분비 억제를 통해 아토피 피부염 증상 개선에 효과를 가지는 것으로 사료된다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.302-307
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• 2004

저자들은 기존에 국내에서 보고된 3예와는 달리 만성적인 폐실질 손상이 없었던 환자에서 국균종과 ABPA가 합병되어 prednisone과 itraconazole 치료로 증상 및 검사상의 호전을 보였던 1예를 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.