• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.403-411
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• 2015

Plasmodium falciparum can invade all stages of red blood cells, while Plasmodium vivax can invade only reticulocytes. Although many P. vivax proteins have been discovered, their functions are largely unknown. Among them, P. vivax reticulocyte binding proteins (PvRBP1 and PvRBP2) recognize and bind to reticulocytes. Both proteins possess a C-terminal hydrophobic transmembrane domain, which drives adhesion to reticulocytes. PvRBP1 and PvRBP2 are large (>326 kDa), which hinders identification of the functional domains. In this study, the complete genome information of the P. vivax RBP family was thoroughly analyzed using a prediction server with bioinformatics data to predict B-cell epitope domains. Eleven pvrbp family genes that included 2 pseudogenes and 9 full or partial length genes were selected and used to express recombinant proteins in a wheat germ cell-free system. The expressed proteins were used to evaluate the humoral immune response with vivax malaria patients and healthy individual serum samples by protein microarray. The recombinant fragments of 9 PvRBP proteins were successfully expressed; the soluble proteins ranged in molecular weight from 16 to 34 kDa. Evaluation of the humoral immune response to each recombinant PvRBP protein indicated a high antigenicity, with 38-88% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Of them, N-terminal parts of PvRBP2c (PVX_090325-1) and PvRBP2 like partial A (PVX_090330-1) elicited high antigenicity. In addition, the PvRBP2-like homologue B (PVX_116930) fragment was newly identified as high antigenicity and may be exploited as a potential antigenic candidate among the PvRBP family. The functional activity of the PvRBP family on merozoite invasion remains unknown.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.13-22
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• 1975

The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of the ETR test as compared to other thyroid function tests in normal persons, patients with thyroid disorders and patients with alterations of thyroxine-binding proteins. The ETR values were obtained from 35 cases as normal control, 63 hyperthyroid patients, 56 euthyroid patients, 23 hypothyroid patients, 10 pregnant women, 5 women taking oral contraceptive medication, 8 liver cirrhosis patients and 4 nephrotic syndrome patients. The results obtained were as follows. 1. The mean value of ETR obtained from the normal controls was $0.99{\pm}0.06$. 2. The mean ETR values of various thyroid states were $1.25{\pm}0.16$ in hyperthyroidism, $0.99{\pm}0.08$ in euthyroidism and $0.82{\pm}0.05$ in hypothyroidism and significant difference was found between these groups. 3. Seven out of 63 hyperthyroid patients(11.1%) and 2 out of 23 hypothyroid patients(8.7%) had ETR values within normal range and among the 56 euthyroid patients 6(10.7%) had ETR values outside normal range, so the diagnostic compatibility of ETR was 89.4% in thyroid diseases. 4. Even though the ETR value was well correlated with $^{131}I$-thyroid uptake rate, serum $T_3$ resin uptake rate and serum $T_4$, a high positive correlation was found (r=0.79) between ETR and $T_7$. 5. The mean ETR values from patients with alteration in TBG binding capacity were $0.99{\pm}0.05$ in pregnant women, $0.98{\pm}0.04$ in women with oral contraceptive medication, $1.04{\pm}0.09$ in liver cirrhosis patients and $0.94{\pm}0.02$ in nephrotic syndrome patients and most of them (85.2%) had ETR values within normal range. Our results, therefore, suggests that the ETR estimation does offer the simplest and most reliable single procedure for the screening and diagnosis of various thyroid diseases as a indirect indicator of serum-free thyroxine concentration without essential influence of changes in the thyroxine-binding proteins in serum.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.173-182
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• 2019

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of heat stress on the status of physiological responses, blood parameter, serum T3 and cortisol, and heat shock proteins (HSP 27, 70, and 90) of Hanwoo cattle. Six Hanwoo steers (242.8 ± 7.2 kg of BW) were housed in the climate-controlled respiration chambers. The experiment consisted of 7 days (control; 0 day) at thermoneutral (air temperature (Ta) of 15℃ and relative humidity (RH) of 60%; temperature-humidity index (THI) = 64), and by 3 and 6 days (treatment groups) at heat stress (Ta of 35℃ and RH of 60%; THI = 87). Body temperature of each parts (frank, rump, perineum and foot) and rectal temperature elevated in heat stress groups (3 days and 6 days) than the control group (0 day). Respiration rates increased in 3 days and 6 days (88.5 ± 0.96 bpm and 86.3 ± 0.63 bpm, respectively) from 0 days (39.5 ± 0.65 bpm). Feed intake significantly decreased in heat stress groups (3 days and 6 days, 3.7 ± 0.14 kg and 4.0 ± 0.15 kg, respectively) than the control group (0 day, 5.0 ± 0.00 kg). In addition, final BW significantly decreased in heat stress groups (3 days and 6 days, 211.8 ± 4.75 kg and 215.5 ± 3.50 kg, respectively) than the control group (0 day, 240.0 ± 25.00 kg). However, heat stress has no significant effect on blood parameter, serum T3 and cortisol. Nevertheless, heat stress increased HSPs mRNA expression in liver tissue, and serum concentration of HSPs. Despite Hanwoo cattle may have high adaptive ability to heat stress, our results suggested that heat stress directly effect on body temperature and respiration rate as well as serum and tissue HSPs. Therefore, we are recommended that HSPs could be the most appropriate indicators of Hanwoo cattle response to heat stress.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.1732-1737
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• 2003

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of feeding transgenic cottonseed (Bt.) vis-a-vis non-transgenic (non-Bt.) cottonseed on blood biochemical constituents in lactating Murrah buffaloes. Twenty Murrah buffaloes in mid-lactation were divided into 2 groups of 10 each. Animals of group I were fed with 39.5% non-transgenic cottonseed in concentrate mixture while the same percentage of transgenic (Bt.) cottonseed was included in the concentrate mixture fed to the animals of group II. Animals of both groups were fed with concentrate mixture to support their milk production requirements. Each buffalo was also offered 20 kg mixed green fodder (oats and berseem) and wheat straw ad libitum. The experimental feeding trial lasted for 35 days. There was no significant difference in the dry matter intake between the two groups of buffaloes. All the buffaloes gained body weight, however, the differences were non significant. Total erythrocyte count, hemoglobin content and packed cell volume were $9.27{\pm}0.70${\times}10^6/{\mu}l$, $13.01{\pm}0.60gdl$ and $34.87{\pm}1.47%$, respectively in group I with the corresponding figures of $8.88{\pm}0.33$, $12.99{\pm}0.52$ and $31.08{\pm}1.52$ in group II. The values of total erythrocyte count, haemoglobin content and packed cell volume did not differ significantly between the two groups of buffaloes. The concentration of plasma glucose, serum total proteins, albumin, globulin, triglycerides and high density lipoprotein were non significantly higher in buffaloes fed non-transgenic cottonseed than in buffaloes fed transgenic cottonseed. The cholesterol concentration was significantly (p<0.01) higher in buffaloes of group I ($136.84{\pm}8.40mg/dl$) than in buffaloes of group II ($105.20{\pm}1.85mg/dl$). The serum alkaline phosphotase, glutamic-oxaloacetate transaminase and glutamic-pyruate transaminase activities did not differ significantly between two groups of buffaloes. However, serum glutamic-pyruate transaminase activity was considerably high in buffaloes fed nontransgenic cottonseed as compared to buffaloes fed transgenic cottonseed. Bt. proteins in serum samples of animals of group II were not detected after 35 days of feeding trial. It was concluded that transgenic cottonseed and non-transgenic cottonseed have similar nutritional value without any adverse effects on health status of buffaloes as assessed from haematobiochemical constituents.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권17호
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• pp.7959-7965
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• 2015

Background: Identification of predictive markers for the efficacy of platinum-based chemotherapy is necessary to improve the quality of the life of cancer patients. Materials and Methods: We detected proteins recognized by autoantibodies in pretreated sera from patients with lung adenocarcinoma (AC) evaluated as showing progressive disease (PD) or a partial response (PR) after cisplatin-based chemotherapy by proteomic analysis. Then, the levels of the candidate autoantibodies in the pretreated serum were validated by dot-blot analysis for 22 AC patients who received platinum-based chemotherapy, and the expression of identified proteins was immunohistochemically analyzed in 40 AC biopsy specimens. Results: An autoantibody against galectin-3 (Gal-3) was detected in pretreated sera from an AC patient with PD. Serum IgG levels of anti-Gal-3 autoantibody were significantly higher in patients evaluated with PD than in those with PR and stable disease (SD) (p = 0.0084). Furthermore, pretreated biopsy specimens taken from patients evaluated as showing PD following platinumbased chemotherapy showed a tendency to have a higher positive rate of Gal-3 than those with PR and SD (p = 0.0601). Conclusions: These results suggest that serum IgG levels of anti-Gal-3 autoantibody may be useful to predict the efficacy of platinum-based chemotherapy for patients with lung AC.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.962-967
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• 2003

The purpose of the study were to characterize the proteins secreted by elongating caprine conceptus, to identify a group of low molecular weight proteins as retinol-binding protein (RBP), to identify RBP cell-specific localization in conceptus tissue, and to demonstrate that the conceptuses secreted continuously RBP during the time period maternal recognition of pregnancy. Caprine conceptuses were removed from the uterus between days 16 and 22 of pregnancy, the time period maternal recognition of pregnancy. Isolated conceptuses were cultured in a modified minimum essential medium in the presence of radiolabeled amino acids. Proteins synthesized and secreted into medium were analyzed by fluorography of two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and fluorography. At least five proteins showed consistently a grouping of spots with characteristic location on two-dimensional gels. A major low molecular weight protein consisted of two major isoforms (pI 5.3-6.0) of similar molecular mass (21 kDa) was identified as RBP by using antiserum against RBP. Presence of RBP in conceptus culture medium and uterine flushings between days 16 and 22 of pregnancy were determined by immunoprecipitation and Western blotting using anti-RBP serum. In immunocytochemical study, strong immunostaining for RBP was localized in trophectoderm and endoderm of conceptus. These results clearly demonstrated that the caprine conceptus was active in protein synthesis as early as day 16 of pregnancy. Secretion of RBP by caprine conceptuses (days 16-22) coincident with the rapid transformation of the conceptus from a spherical blastocyst to a filamentous structure. Production of RBP by the elongating conceptuses may be indicative of an important role for conceptus RBP in the transport, availability and metabolism of retinol during maternal recognition of pregnancy.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2005

Cloned calves derived from somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) have been frequently lost by sudden death at 1 to 3 month following healthy birth. To address whether placental anomalies are responsible for the sudden death of cloned calves, we compared protein patterns of 2 placentae derived from SCNT of Korean Native calves died suddenly at two months after birth and those of 2 normal placentae obtained from AI fetuses. Placental proteins were separated using 2-Dimensional gel electrophoresis. Approximately 800 spots were detected in placental 2-D gel stained with coomassie-blue. Then, image analysis of Malanie III (Swiss Institute for Bioinformatics) was performed to detect variations in protein spots between normal and SCNT placentae. In the comparison of normal and SCNT samples, 8 spots were identified to be up-regulated proteins and 24 spots to be down-regulated proteins in SCNT placentae, among which proteins were high mobility group protein HMG1, apolipoprotein A-1 precursor, bactenecin 1, tropomyosin beta chain, $H^+-transporting$ ATPase, carbonic anhydrase II, peroxiredoxin 2, tyrosine-rich acidic matrix protein, serum albumin precursor and cathepsin D. These results suggested that the sudden death of cloned calves might be related to abnormal protein expression in placenta.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.328-335
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• 1998

Outer membrane proteins(OMPs) of Brucella abortus 1119-3 strain were extracted by Triton X-100 treatment, and fractionated by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography and Sephacryl S-300 column chromatography. The antigenic proteins in these fractions were identified by Western blot analysis. In Western blot analysis, a single band(38kDa) was observed in the DEAE fractions from 36th fraction to 38th fraction against sera of cattle infected with B abortus. And other fractions have several bands. However, the Sephacryl S-300 fractions exhibited a total of 3 peaks of proteins with a broad range from about 30 to 116kDa. In order to characterize further, the extracted OMPs and the DEAE fractions were analyzed by two dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(2-DE) and Western blot using serum from naturally infected cattle with Brucella spp. The 2-DE immunoblots of DEAE fraction showed immunoreactive spots more than twenty two. The major protein spots have ranging from about 32 to 47kDa. The pI values of the spots were detected from pH 4.7 to 5.4. Among the major protein spots, the 38kDa protein which is a specific antigen, located at the point of approximately a pI 4.8.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.642-646
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• 2007

It was examined that the effect of fermented traditional wine made by using mycelium of Phellinus linteus (TWPL) on the expression of inflammation-related proteins in rat liver. Levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was significantly increased in the serum of ethanol-treated rats compared to normal. However, the level of AST showed no significant changes in the TWPL-treated rat compared normal. Slight histopathological changes of liver such as cloudy swelling, inflammatory cells infiltration, Kupffer cell reaction were demonstrated in the rats challenged with ethanol compared with normal. Fewer scores of these changes were observed in TWPL-treated rat with recovered glycogen in hepatocytes of whole hepatic lobule. The RT-PCR and Western analysis showed that the expression of inflammatory proteins such as cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$ were decreased in the TWPL-treated rat compared with ethanol-treated ones. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the expression of interleukin-lf and TNF-${\alpha}$ tended to decrease in TWPL-treated rat compared with ethanol-treated ones. These results suggest that TWPL may contains some protective agent for alcohol-induced liver injury through a regulating inflammation-related proteins.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.201-206
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• 2021

우리나라는 유전자변형생물체(GMO)의 개발 및 수입 등에 관한 안전성 확보를 위하여 LMO법을 제정하였다. 이에 따라 국내에서 GMO가 식품 및 사료용으로 수입, 생산될 경우는 OECD가 제시한 '실질적 동등성' 개념에 따라 안전성 심사를 한다. 안전성 심사에는 GMO에 대한 알레르기 평가심사가 포함된다. 알레르기성 평가 방법은 OECD, FAO, WHO 등 다양한 국제기구를 통해 논의되어왔다. 주요 알레르기성 평가 방법으로는 GMO에서 새로 발현된 단백질의 물리 화학적 감수성 확인, 기존 알레르기 단백질과의 아미노산 서열 유사성 분석, 혈청 스크리닝 등이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 유전자변형생물체의 알레르기성 평가를 위한 가이드라인과 관련 연구들을 소개하였다.