• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.59-65
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• 2010

In India, Tectona grandis is traditionally used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus and lipid disorder. In the present study, the antihyperglycemic and lipid lowering effect of ethanolic extract of bark of Tectona grandis (TG) was evaluated using alloxan induced diabetes in rats. Alloxan was given at the dose of 140 mg/kg, i.p. After induction of diabetes, TG was administered for 42 days p. o. and simultaneously different biochemical parameters like plasma glucose, liver glycogen content, serum triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were estimated. Diabetic control showed significant increase (P < 0.01) in plasma glucose, serum triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and significant decrease (P < 0.01) in serum HDL-cholesterol and liver glycogen content. Treatment with TG showed significant reduction (P < 0.01) in plasma glucose when compared with diabetic control. The elevated levels of serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels were significantly reduced (P < 0.01) by TG. TG treatment for 42 days showed significant decrease in serum LDL-cholesterol (P < 0.01) and significant increase in serum HDL-cholesterol level (P < 0.01). Moreover, diabetic control there was significant decrease in liver glycogen content which was significantly increased (P < 0.05) by treatment with TG. Hence, from the result obtained in the present study it can be concluded that Tectona grandis has the potential to treat diabetes condition and associated lipid disorder.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.57-61
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• 1999

It has been postulated that oxidative stress may be increased and antioxidant defenses reduced in diabetes patients. Twenty-four patients with type 1 diabetes melitus (DM) (12.8$\pm$1.7 years) and 24 nondiabetics (12.5$\pm$2.1 years) were included in this study. Serum total cholesterol and LDL -cholesterol levels were significantly higher in diabetic than in nondiabetic control subjects, but serum levels of triglyceride , retinol , tocopherol, and $\beta$-carotene were significantly lower. Both $\beta$carotene and tocopherol levels inversely correlated with HbAlc, suggesting perhaps that low serum antioxidant level enhance theglycosylation of hemoglobin. Subjects with type 1 DM had lipid peroxide levels similar to those of nondiabetics control subjects, suggesting that per-oxdation of circulating lipid is not increased in uncomplicated diabeteics. The correlation between antioxidants and serum lipids were as follows ; retinol and LDL (r--0.36, p=0.019) ; retinol and total cholesterol(r=-0.35, p=0.020), tocopherol and LDL(r=-0.47, p=0.002) ; tocopherol and cholesterol (r=-0.49, p=0.001) ; $\beta$-carotene and LDL (r=-0.51, p=0.001). Overall , the results of this study were that serum lipid peroxide in patients with type 1 DM was similar to those of control subjects and antioxidants such as retinol, tocopherol and $\beta$-carotene were lower than those of nondiabetic cotnrol subjects, and negatively correlated with serum total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.132-140
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• 2001

The effects of various dietary docosahexaenoix acid(DHA) levels on the brain phospholipids and serum and liver lipid compositions were studied in rats using DHA concentrated oil and corn oil as a control for 4 weeks. Serum total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol levels tended to be the lowest by adding 20% DHA to corn oil. Serum triglyceride levels significantly decreased by adding 30% DHA. Liver cholesterol and triglyceride levels were apparently decreased in the groups added above 20% DHA, especially, the lowest at adding 30% DHA. Brain weight and phospholipid content were not different among groups. The ratios of arachidonic to linoleic acids in serum and liver phosphatidylcholine(PC) were significantly decreased by adding dietary DHA and showed a flat form above 20% of dietary DHA. DHA levels of serum PC were gradually increased according to dietary DHA level. The fatty acid compositions of the brain PC and phosphatidylethanolamine(PE) did not appear any changes with accordance of the dietary DHA levels. However, compared with those of serum and liver in general, linoleic and arachidonic acid levels were very low. Oleic acids were apparently higher than those in the other tissues. DHA were higher than those in the other tissues rigardless of the dietary DHA, especially in brain PE. The ratios of arachidonic to linoleic acid were not apparent tendency in brain PC and PE. However, the ratios of brain PE were above 2 times higher than those of brain PC. As the results, the hypolipidemic effects of dietary DNA were remarkable in liver. Especially in regard to tendency of liver lipid levels and desaturation indices in serum and liver PC, the effects indicated significantly higher by adding 20-30% DHA to diet(n-6/n-3 ratio, about 4-7). Thus, in this study, these dietary DHA levels seemed to be appropriate, at least in these lipid paramenters.(Korean J Nutrition 34(2) : 132∼140, 2001)

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.68-83
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the anthropometric variables, dietary behaviors, nutrient intakes and distribution of serum lipid levels for Muan-gun inhabitants. The subjects was consisted of 212 men and 317 women. There were significant differences in the height, weight, BMI and fat mass with ages. In the onion intake status. 90.6(79.9)% of men(women) liked. 56.8(46.4)% of men(women) intakes 3 times per day, 29.6(40.8)% of men(women) 50g per one time and 83.1(87.5)% of men (women) after cooking. The mean energy intake of the subjects were 2,043㎉ for men and 2,105㎉ for women. Men (women) consumed 88(90)g protein. 34(38)g lipid, 340(355)g carbohydrate, 10.5(11.7)g fiber, 655(757)mg calcium. 1,396(1,421) mg phosphorous. 14.7(15.9)mg iron. 7.061(7,244)mg sodium, 3.597(3,704)mg potassium, 1.983(1,369)RE retinol, 1.4(1.5)mg thiamin. 1.1(1.4)mg riboflavin. 19.4(20.4)NE niacin. 172(160)mg ascorbic acid and 232(239) mg cholesterol. respectively. The level of triglyceride(TG) was 136.0(114.2)mg/dl, total cholesterol(TC) was 179.1(174.9)mg/dl HDL-C was 43.3(43.3)mg/dl, LDL-C was 109.6(107.9)mg/dl. VLDL-C was 26.8(22.8)mg/dl and AI was 3.2(3.0) And 68.1(79.0)% of men(women) were assessed as Normocholesteroiemia(NC) and 66.2(69.9)% of men(women) as Normotriglyceridemia (NTG). Most of the subjects in Muan-gun preferred and ate onions routinely and had normal range of serum cholesterol and triglyceride level. Therefore it is suggested that intake of onions is effective for decreasing the serum cholesterol and TG levels.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.322-329
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• 2001

There is growing evidence that soy isoflavones play beneficial role in the prevention of cardiovascular disease. However, current data are not sufficient to determine the effective dose of isoflavone on improving plasma lipid profiles and total antioxidant capacity in Korean menopausal women. In the present study, 24 perimenopausal and 23 postmenopausal women were divided into 3 groups and were given soy isoflavone supplements of 100, 150, 200mg/day for 12weeks. Blood samples were taken before and after 6, 12weeks of soy isoflavone supplementation for analysis of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglyceride and total antioxidant status(TAS). In the perimenopausal women, serum total cholesterol level decreased significantly in all three groups after 12weeks of isoflavone supplementation(p< 0.05). However, serum LDL cholesterol level significantly lowered only in 150 and 200mg groups, and serum triglyceride level decreased significantly in 200mg group(p<0.05). In the postmenopausal women, the 150mg isoflavone supplementation group demonstrated significant effects on lowering serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol levels and raising HDL cholesterol level after 12weeks of isoflavone supplementation(p<0.05). Two hundred mg isoflavone supplementation group had a significantly higher TAS than other groups in both perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. (Korean J Nutrition 34(3) : 322∼329, 2001)

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.81-87
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• 2004

This study was conducted to investigate the supplementary effects of Suwon 464 developed by Rural Development Administration, which has over two times of dietary fiber content compared with normal rice (Ilpum), on lipid metabolism in diabetic mice. We supplied 5 kinds of experimental diets (com starch diet as a control (CO), Ilpum polished rice diet (IP), Ilpum brown rice diet (IB), polished rice diet (SP) and brown rice diet (SB) of Suwon 464) to diabetic mice for 8 weeks, after analyzing dietary fiber contents of 5 experimental diets. Diet intake, body weight, organ weights, and lipids levels of serum, liver and feces were measured. The dietary fiber contents in CO, IP, IB, SP, and SB diets were 1.0, 1.2, l.4, 1.4, and 2.0% respectively. Body weight and liver and epididymal fat pad weights were lower in SB group than the other groups though there was no significant difference in diet intake among experimental groups. The concentrations of serum triglyceride was lower in SP and SB groups than CO and IP groups. The levels of hepatic total lipid and total cholesterol were significantly lower in SP and SB groups than CO group, and the level of hepatic triglyceride was lower in IB, SP and SB groups than CO group. The levels of total lipid and triglyceride excreted in feces were higher in IB, SP and SB, and the level of total cholesterol in feces was higher in SP and SB groups than CO group. These results suggested that the high dietary fiber rice (Suwon 464) decrease the triglyceride or total cholesterol concentrations of serum and liver by increasing of fecal lipid excretion in diabetic mice. (Korean J Nutrition 37(2): 81∼87, 2004)

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.169-174
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• 2007

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate protective effects of Sayeoksanhap-Pyeongweisan-Gamiban(SPG) on hematological changes in rats damaged by CCl4 Methods : We investigated the effects of SPG on hematological changes in terms of AST/ALT levels, Total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride in serum and lipid peroxidation in rat liver. Results : Administration of SPG decreased AST level in serum effectively. In addition, lipid peroxidation in liver tissue, which was elevated by injection of CCl4, was decreased by administration of SPG. In contrast, ALT level, Total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride in serum were not affected by administration of SPG. Conclusion : These results suggest that oral administration of SPG was useful to protect liver against CCl4 by its antioxidant action in liver tissues.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.243-258
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• 2011

Objectives : This study investigated the hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of Curcuma radix using a rat model induced by poloxamer 407 injection. Methods : Serum lipid parameters and oxidative stress-associated biomarkers were determined. Additionally, hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride as well as lipid metabolism-associated gene expressions were observed in hepatic tissue. Results : 1. Curcuma radix ameliorated elevation of serum cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, MDA, hepatic cholesterol level, and reduction of serum TAC, SOD, GSH, GSH-reductase level. 2. Curcuma radix augmented up-regulated ACAT gene expression. 3. Curcuma radix almost completely ameliorated down-regulated CYP-7A1 but up-regulated HMG-CoA gene expression. Conclusions : The hypolipidemic and antioxidant properties of Curcuma radix were evidenced. This study provides a scientific basis for the clinical application of Curcuma radix and development of hypolipidemics using this herb in the future.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.915-926
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• 2006

Objectives : Yanggyuksanhwa-tang is a prescription used for cerebral infarction clinically it is known that this formula reduces body fat, serum cholesterol and triglyceride in hyperglycemia and obesity patients. According to previous research data, controlling these types of lipid is considered to decrease the risk of cerebral infarction. Based on this fact, we investigated the relationship between hyperlipidemia and cerebral infarction, and the effect of Yanggyuksanhwa-tang on hyperlipidemic cerebral infarction. Methods : We induced cerebral infarction by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in high-fat diet rats, and the rats were administered Yanggyuksanhwa-tang. Results : Infarct area and serum lipid were measured, and the level of elements such as c-Fos, Bax and caspase-3 in penumbra of infarct were expressed by immunohistochemical staining. Conclusions : Yanggyuksanhwa-tang showed neuroprotective effect through preventing neuronal cell apoptosis as well as reducing serum lipid level in hyperlipidemic condition.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.10-16
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• 1999

This study was conducted to figure out the differences of the BMI, blood lipids, blood pressure and nutrient intakes by serum insulin concentration among adults in Korea. Ninety-three subjects(male : n=37, female : n=56) participated in this study. The subjects were grouped by serum insulin concentrations into two groups-hyperinsulinemia group(n=17) and normoinsulinemia group(n=76). Anthropometric measurements, blood lipid profiles, blood pressure, oral glucose tolerance test, and daily nutrient intakes were analyzed. And serum glucose and insulin secretion pattern as shown through and oral glucose tolerance test were performed. BMI (p<0.05) and WHR(p<0.01) were significantly higher in hyperinsulinemic group than in normoinsulinemia group. There was no differences in fasting blood glucose level between groups, but total glucose area (p<0.001) and insulin glucose resistance(p<0.001) were significantly higher in hyperinsulinemia group than in normoinsulinemia higher in hyperinsulinemia group, but HDL-cholesterol(p<0.05), and systolic blood pressure(p<0.05) were significantly higher in hyperinsulinemia group, but HDL-cholesterol(p<0.001) was significantly lower in hyperinsulinemia group. They showed significant differences in energy, carbohydrate, potassium, riboflavin, niacin and dietary fiber intakes(p<0.05), the intake of those nutrients were low in normoinsulinemia group. Further investigation is necessary to determine the effects of amounts and types of carbohydrate and dietary fiber on serum insulin concentrations.