• 한방재활의학과학회지
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.1-16
• /
• 2005

Objectives : This experimental study was designed to investigate the effects of EjinTang-Gamybang(Erchentang-jiaweifang ; ETG) on the change of some values related to obesity and observe the complications coming from obesity in obese rat induced by high fat diet. Methods : Experimental group were as follows ; normal group were fed normal diet and administered DDW $1.0m{\ell}$ to rat during 7 weeks, control group were fed high fat diet and administered DDW $1.0m{\ell}$ during 7 weeks, sample A were fed high fat diet and administered ETG 500 mg/kg $1.0m{\ell}$ during 7 weeks, sample B were fed high fat diet and administered ETG 700 mg/kg $1.0m{\ell}$ during 7 weeks. Results & Conclusions : 1. Sample A and Sample B significantly decreased body weight, serum LDL-cholesterol level, serum free fatty acid level, serum total lipid level, serum phospholipid level and serum leptin level in comparison with control group. 2. Sample B significantly decreased serum total cholesterol level and serum triglyceride level in comparison with control group. 3. Sample B significantly increased serum HDL-cholesterol level in comparison with control group. According to above results, the author suggested that ETG was able to be used for the herbal medication of obesity. 4. ETG significantly increased rCBF, and increased CMF in a dose-dependent. 5. ETG significantly decreased MABP in a dose-dependent. 6. rCBF was significantly and stably increased by ETG(10 mg/kg, i.p.) during the period of cerebral reperfusion, which contrasted with the findings of rapid and marked increase in control group. This results were suggested that ETG significantly increased rCBF by dilating arterial diameter and activating serum leptin level. So that, the present author thought that ETG had an effects of obesity and complication coming from obesity(ischemic cerebral and cardiac disease).

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제44권7호
• /
• pp.85-98
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation of dietary and serum phospholipid fatty acids composition and serum lipid levels in postmenopausal women. Data about anthropometry, dietary intake, physical activities, serum lipid profile and serum phospholipid fatty acid composition were collected from eighty-five postmenopausal women. The subjects were classified as normocholesterolemia (NC), moderate hypercholesterolemia(MC) and phyperchollesterolemia(HC) according to their serum total cholesterol (TC) levels based on The Guideline for Korean Hyperlipidemia set/published by The Committee for Hyperlipidemia in Korea. The results were as follows. Total energy intake and the ratio of energy intake to energy expenditure were positively related, while dietary fiber intake was negatively related, with serum TC level. Dietary fat intake was positively related with serum LDL-C level. Dietary cholesterol, saturated fatty acid (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) intake and the ratio of ingested saturated fat and cholesterol to calories (RISCC) were positively related, while the P/S ratio of dietary fat was negatively related, with serum TC and LDL-C levels. Serum phospholipid fatty acids composition was not significantly different among the three groups. SFA of serum phospholipid fatty acids was positively related, while P/S and M/S ratios of serum phospholipid fatiy acids were negatively correlated, with serum TC and LDL-C levels. We recommend that the dietary P/S ratio of postmenopausal women is increased by reducing their dietary SFA intake. With these changes in the diet, serum phospholipid fatty acid composition could be also changed, and serum lipids levels could be improved.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제30권10호
• /
• pp.1140-1152
• /
• 1997

Serum and liver lipid levels and fatty acid composition of liver phospolipids (PL) were investigated in 36 rats which consumed either one of five different dietary fats or a high carbohydrate diet for 4 weeks. As the sources of five dietary fats, concentrated cicosapentaenoic acid(EPA), fish oil (FO), perilla oil(PO), corn oil(CO) and beef tallow (BT) were provided to the rats. As a control group, cron starch (CS) replaced dietary fat. The FO group showed lower serum total cholesterol (TC), high density lipiprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) and serum PL levels than those of the CO group(p<0.05). There were no significant differences in serum TC and serum HDL-C levels between the polyunsatured fatty acid(PUFA) groups and the EPA, FO and PO groups. The CS group showed the highest level serum TC. Compared with the CS group, both the EPA and CO groups showed significantly lower atherogenic indices(AI). However, there were no significant differences in AI among different dietary fat groups. No significant differences in liver triglyceride (TG) , TC and PL levels were detected among the six experimental groups. Phosphatidylcholine(PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine(PE) composed 30-40% and 15-20% of total liver PL, respectively. The fatty acid composition of liver PC and PE reflected dietary fatty acid composition . Compared to the different dietary fat based diets used in our study, the high carbohydrate diet had the most adverse effects on serum lipid profiles. However, we can not conclude from this result that long chain n-3 PUFA diets such as the EPA and FO based diets have more beneficial effects on serum lipid profiles than n-6 PUFA diet such as the CO based diet or shorter chain n-3 PUFA diets like the PO based diet.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제33권5호
• /
• pp.517-523
• /
• 2000

The effect of dietary zinc deficiency and age on lipid peroxide level was investigaed in rats. Zinc level in serum and liver were also measured. Fifty Sprague-Dawly male rats aging 8 months(older rats) and 2 months(younger rats) were used as experimental animal. Zinc deficient diet(1.1ppm) and normal zinc diet(36.5ppm) were used as experimental diets. Rats in each age group were divided into zinc deficient(ZnDF), zinc pair-fed(ZnPF) and zinc ad-libitum(ZnAL) to remove the variances of food intake. After 4 weeks of experimetal period, rats were sacrificed. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS) levels in plasma and liver, lipofuscin and conjugated diene levels in liver were measured as lipid peroxide index. Food intakes of all groups were not different because zinc deficiency did not reduce food intake in ZnDF group. Younger rats gained weight continuously, while older rats lost weight in the begining of experiment and regained afterwards. In older rats, serum zinc level was decreaed while plasma TBARS. level was increased in ZnDF group. In younger rats, plasma TBARS concentration was increased in dietary zinc deficient rats although serum zinc concentration was not reduced. Liver zinc concentration was significantly higher in older rats comparing to younger rats. However, there was no difference among the three dietary groups. Liver TBARS level was not different by age or dietary zinc level. However it was tended to be higher in older rats. However there was no difference by the dietary zinc level. In both age groups, ZnDF group significantly increased plasma TBARS levels, which suggested dietary zinc deficiency could increase lipid peroxidation in part. Significantly higher levels of lipofuscin and conjugated diene in older rats suggested lipid peroxidation was accelerated by aging.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제23권5호
• /
• pp.718-724
• /
• 1994

The study was conducted to investigated the effect of dietary levels of zinc (Zn) on lipid metabolism in cadmium (Cd) treated rats. Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing about 110$\pm$10g were divided into 6 groups. The Zn levels were low (0ppm), control (30 ppm) and Cd-treated groups were administrated with Cd chloride (5.0mg/kg of body weight) by oral intubation at the same time once a week. Serum total lipid, triglyceride , total cholesterol and DHL-cholesterol contents decreased significantly in low Zn group. In serum dietary high Zn group, it decreased significantly in the content of triglyceride but total cholesterol and HDL- cholesterol revealed increase slightly . Total lipid and triglyceride contents increased by Cd oral intubation, but triblyceride content of control group decreased significantly in Cd-treated groups. HDL-cholesterol content also decreased by Cd oral intubationl. Cd-treatment increased total cholesterol content in low Zn group. Liver triglyceride content increased as dietary Zn level became more increasing and total lipid was not influenced by dietary Zn levels. Liver cholesterol content was higher in low and high Zn groups than that of control group. Liver phospholipid content decreased in low Zn group . Oral intubation of Cd increased in the contents of triglyceride and total lipid. The content of liver Zn was not influenced by the dietary low Zn but that of serum showed a remarkable increased . Oral Cd intubation increased the Cd contents of liver and serum.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제29권9호
• /
• pp.934-942
• /
• 1996

This study was performed to investigate the influence of dietary fibers on the serum lipid level and bowel function in aged rats. Fiber sources of experimental diets were made from mugwort(M), butterbur(B), apple(A), sea mustard(S) by drying and milling. Each of fiber sources was mixed into the diet at the level of 5, 15% of diet. Sprague-Dawley strain, 13 month old male rats were divided into 9 groups by randomized complete block design : C, M5, B5, A5, S5, M15, B15, A15, S15. The animals were fed ad libitum each of experimental diets for 4 weeks. Control group showed lower food intake compare to the other groups. There were no significant difference between 5% groups and 15% groups in food intake. Fecal weight, dry fecal weight and fecal water content of control group were significantly lower than those of experimental groups, and fecal water content was increased by increasing level of dietary fibber. Apple group showed the lowest values, sea mustard group showed the highest. The shorter transit time was observed in the group of higher intake of dietary fiber. At the same level of dietary fiber, transit time of sea mustard group was shorter than the other groups. With increasing age, serum triglycerides, total cholesterol were increased and HDL-cholesterol was decreased. Fiber fed groups showed lower serum TG, TC and higher HDL-c level compare to the control group. Absorption rates of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus was tend to be lower in the group fed dietary fiber sources than control group. Mucosa weight and maltase activity in the small intestine were decreased by increasing age. As intake of dietary fiber increaed, mucosa weight in the small intestine was not different but maltase activity was decreased.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제22권8호
• /
• pp.1126-1131
• /
• 2012

본 연구에서는 각기 다른 형태의 지방산이 ICR mice의 혈중 지질 농도에 미치는 영향을 평가하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 8주령 수컷 ICR mice를 일반 식이섭취군(C), 10%의 트랜스 불포화 지방산 섭취군(TFA-1), 30% 트랜스 불포화 지방산 섭취군(TFA-2), 50% 트랜스 불포화 지방산 섭취군(TFA-3), 50% 포화 지방산 섭취군(SFA), 불포화 지방산 섭취군(USFA) 으로 나누어 식이 하였다. 혈중 총 콜레스테롤의 수치는 TFA-3 군과 SFA 군의 지질함량이 다른 군에 비하여 높았으며, 중성지방지수 역시 높게 나타났다. 총 콜레스테롤과 중성지방수치를 이용하여 나타낸 LDL 콜레스테롤의 경우에도 50%의 트랜스 지방산을 섭취한 군에서 포화 지방산을 섭취한 군과 유사한 결과가 나타났다. 이에 반해, 10%, 30%의 트랜스 지방산을 섭취한 군에서는 일반식이 섭취군과 비슷한 결과가 나타났다. 이는 많은 양의 트랜스 불포화지방산을 짧은 기간 동안 섭취하더라도 포화지방산을 섭취한 것과 유사한 효과를 나타낸다는 것을 의미한다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제34권8호
• /
• pp.843-849
• /
• 2001

This study was performed to investigate the effect of n-3 fatty acids and dietary protein levels on renal function. Fifteen-month old male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 diet groups. Two-month old rats were used as a control group. The experimental diets contained either a% or 25% casein and lipid levels of the diets were 20% by weight. For the control group, the lipid was composed of beef tallow and corn oil on a 1:1 basis, and fish oil was comprised 75% of the fat mixture for the fish oil group. Rats were fed the diets ad libitum for 8 weeks. GFR and urinary protein excretion were higher in high protein groups, while fish oil exhibited no effects. Renal medulla TXB$_2$and PGE$_2$ concentrations tended to be higher in high protein groups and lower in fish oil groups. Light microscopic examinations showed that glomerulosclerosis, tubular atrophy, tubular cast, interstitial inflammation and interstitial fibrosis fended to be higher in aged rats and in high protein groups and lower in fish oil groups. Serum levels of total lipid, triglyceride and total cholesterol were higher in aged rats and lower in fish oil groups while serum HDL-cholesterol level was higher in young rats and in fish oil groups. However, dietary protein level had no effect on serum lipid levels. Serum TBARS concentration was higher in aged rats and in fish oil groups. In conclusion, fish oil caused changes in serum lipid concentrations and eicosanoids metabolism. The effect of fish oil on renal function was less obvious than dietary protein. However, fish oil seemed to be effective in lessening deterioration of renal function due to aging and/or high protein diets through changes in lipid and eicosanoids metabolism.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.351-360
• /
• 2015

The study examines the effects of the Cnidium officinale Makino water extract on hyperlipidemia. For this, three levels (low, moderate, and high) of the Cnidium officinale Makino water extract were supplemented to six-week-old male sprague Dawley rats for five weeks. According to the results, serum total lipid, triglyceride, total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol levels showed significant decreases (p<0.05) in the group with the Cnidium officinale Makino water extract. The serum total lipid level decreased by 8~22%; the triglyceride level, by 13~25%; the total cholesterol level, by 6~23%; and the LDL cholesterol level, by 14~25%. Total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the liver were significantly lower in the group with the Cnidium officinale Makino water extract than in the control group (p<0.05), and fecal total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were significantly higher in the group with the Cnidium officinalle Makino water extract. These results suggest that the Cnidium officinale Makino water extract in the hypercholesterol diet may reduce hyperlipidemia, a major cause of cardiovascular disease, by reducing serum cholesterol and triglyceride level in the liver through the facilitation of their excretion by feces.

• 혜화의학회지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.559-592
• /
• 1999

It has been known that Ki(氣) energy is very effective on many adult diseases. Oriental Medicine has acknowledged Ki as an existing reality and investigated its effects on the body. However, the existence of Ki has not been fully explained. In order to find a conclusive evidence on the existence of Ki, this experiment was done to study the mutual relationship of Ki with a magnetic field and BEP (biological energy projector). The BEP apparatus was irradiated under the magnetic field on rats in the hyperlipidemic induced state. Following criterias were measured in this experiment: weight change, weight of the visceral organs, serum, hepatic lipid peroxide, bleeding time, tissue factor, and etc. The following results were obtained in this study: 1. The weight of rat significantly decreased in the magnetic field treated group and radically reduced in the group treated with both magnetic field and BEP. 2. The weight of liver, heart, and kidney increased in both the magnetic field treated group and magnetic field+BEP group compared to the normal group, but decreased in comparison to the control group. No changes were witnessed in the weight of spleen. 3. Serum and hepatic total cholesterol, total lipid, and lipid peroxide level significantly decreased in both magnetic field treated group and magnetic field+BEP treated group, while lipase activity has increased noticeably. 4. Serum HDL showed a significant increase in both magnetic field treated group and magnetic field+BEP treated group compared to the control group, while LDL and VLDL level decreased significantly. 5. A bleeding time significantly increased in both magnetic field treated group and magnetic field+BEP treated group compared to the control group. A tissue factor value of the lung decreased in the magnetic field treated group and magnetic field+BEP treated groups while increased in the control group. 6. Serum and hepatic lipid peroxide and glutathione level were significantly decreased in the magnetic field treated group and magnetic field+BEP treated group, while hepatic glutathione level was significantly increased compared to the control group. 7. A significant increase was found in the serum hydroxyl radical and SOD activity in the dietary hyperlipidemic rats, and significant decrease was found in the serum lipid peroxide content and superoxidase activity. 8. Hepatic cytosolic enzyme xanthine oxidase and aldehyde oxidase showed a significant decrease in the magnetic field treated group and magnetic field+BEP treated group. Through the above experimental results, one can suggest that the magnetic field with BEP can suppress hyperlipidemia and boost lipid metabolism and restructuring a lipid in liver, which increases the function of liver. To conclude, BEP is considered to show more potent effects under the exposure of magnetic field because magnetic field seems to increase the flow of Ki in the body.