• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.11
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• pp.3195-3198
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• 2014

An ultra-sensitive detection method for small molecules such as antibiotics was developed using ICP-MS with magnetic and $TiO_2$ nanoparticles. Since most of the antibiotics are too small to employ a sandwich-type extraction through an immunoreaction, a non-specific platform was employed, in which the target was extracted by magnetic separation, followed by tagging with $TiO_2$ nanoparticles of 11.2 nm for ICP-MS measurement. The detection limit for salinomycin obtained from spiked serum samples was $0.4ag\;mL^{-1}$ (${\pm}10.3%$), which was about $1.5{\times}10^6$ times lower than that of LC-MS/MS and about $1.2{\times}10^{11}$ times better than that of ELISA. Such an excellent sensitivity enabled us to study the toxicity of antibiotics exposed to human beings by determining them in serum.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.45-48
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• 2003

A novel fluorimetric method has been developed for the determination of microgram quantities of bovine serum albumin (BSA) based on its enhancement effect of Nile Blue fluorescence at 670 nm, caused by binding of Nile Blue to BSA to produce a stable water soluble complex. The binding constant of micromole Nile Blue-BSA complex was estimated by Scatchard plot method. Under the optimal conditions, the increased fluorescence intensity was linearly related to BSA concentration in the range of 0.5-12.0 ㎍/mL. The detection limit was 0.2 ㎍/mL, and the relative standard deviation of six replicate measurements was 1.4% for 10.0 ㎍/mL BSA. There was little interference from amino acids, sugars and most of metal ions.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.63-68
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• 2021

Urethral obstruction is a life-threatening feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD). The rate of recurring urethral obstruction was 14.8-58.1% after the first occurrence. Ultrasonographic findings associated with reobstruction had been rarely reported although ultrasonography was a valuable technique for diagnosing urinary bladder calculi and distinguishing different FLUTD causes. This retrospective study aims to describe the ultrasonographic findings, urinalysis, and serum chemistry profile in cats with FLUTD and determine the associations of reobstruction with ultrasonographic findings, urinalysis, and serum chemistry profile. The present study included 141 cats that were followed up for more than 1 year. The ultrasonographic criteria included the presence of cystolithiasis, urine echogenicity, sediment, suspended linear strand, pericystic effusion, hyperechoic pericystic fat, ureteral dilation, pyelectasia, and perirenal effusion. The urinalysis criteria included hematuria, urine-specific gravity, pH, sediment, and proteinuria. The most common ultrasonographic findings in cats with FLUTD were echogenic urine and sediment. However, this study did not find an association between reobstruction and ultrasonographic findings, urinalysis, and serum chemistry profiles. Thus, an ultrasonographic examination may be insufficient to predict the risk of reobstruction although it is a useful modality for diagnosing FLUTD and making treatment direction.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.55-59
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• 2017

Although wheat is a common staple food in the world, some people suffer from a variety of wheat allergies. For example, wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis is induced in the gastrointestinal tract by wheat proteins. Relatively high molecular weight proteins that are salt-insoluble induce many wheat allergies. In the present study, we investigated the induction of an allergy response using crude wheat proteins, which are relatively low molecular weight, salt-soluble proteins. The crude antigen used in this study was extracted using phosphate buffered saline. When the antigen extracts from various wheat cultivars were orally administered, differentiable degrees of allergy responses were observed as measured by serum IgE and histamine secretion compared to the control. Serum IgE levels increased following administration of three of the wheat extracts. This evidence suggests that a combination of salt-soluble wheat proteins could be antigens for the induction of various allergy responses.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.311-316
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• 1998

The adsorption equilibrium properties of bovine serum albumin(BSA-protein) for three kinds of porous microgels with different physical and chemical features were investigated. The adsorption amount of BSA-protein on poly(butyl methacrylate)(PBMA) microgels was higher than those on poly(vinyl pyridine)(PVP) and poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN) microgels due to the hydrophobic interaction between polymer and protein in an aqueous solution. And PBMA microgels had more irreversible adsorption equilibrium properties the PVP and PAN microgels. It implies that hydrophobic interaction plays a more important role in adsorption properties of BAS-protein than physical properties of polymer and electrostatic attraction between protein and polymer microgels. Characteristics of the microgels used in this study followed Langmuir equation better than the Freundlich equation.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.155-159
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• 2007

The water extracts of root, stem, and leaf from Korean indigenous Acanthopanax divaritacus were examined for their suppressive effects against allergic inflammations such as lipoxygenase activity, ${\beta}-hexosaminidase$ release, inflammatory cytokine production, and serum IgE level. The root extract inhibited the release of ${\beta}-hexosaminidase$, a degranulation marker, from rat basophilic leukemia cells (RBL-2H3) much more potently than the stem and leaf extracts. The root extract also significantly reduced the expression of $TNF-{\alpha}\;and\;IL-1{\beta}$ in the RBL-2H3 cells challenged with antigen. Moreover, there was a significant fall in the serum IgE level by the treatment of the root extract. Taken together, the root extract could be the most potent inhibitor of allergic inflammation, suppressing ${\beta}-hexosaminidase$ release and inflammatory cytokine expression, as well as reducing the rise of serum IgE level.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.70-74
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• 2003

The heterogeneous bioluminescence immunoassay for digoxin was developed using photoprotein, native aequorin as a label and the site-directed immobilization technique based on avidin/biotin interaction. Aequorin is a bioluminescence protein, originally isolated from the jellyfish Aequoria Victoria and an attractive label in analytical applications because of sensitive detection due to virtually no background bioluminescent signal. Digoxin is a cardioactive drug, and its therapeutic level in serum is at low concentration with very narrow therapeutic index. The aequorin-digoxigenin conjugates were synthesized by the N-hydroxysuccinimide ester method and characterized in terms of bioluminescent residual activity. The resulting dose-response curve shows that the detection limit is $1.0\;{\times}\;10^{-10}\;M$ and a dynamic range is three orders of magnitude, which was obtained by $1.0\;{times}\;10^{-10}\;M$ conjugate and 0.9 μg/mL anti-digoxin antibody. Three structurally similar molecules to digoxin were examined for their cross-reactivity. None of these three compounds showed any crossreactivity with digoxin antibody employed in this study. Standard amounts of digoxin corresponding to the therapeutic range were spiked into the each serum solution. Study of the serum matrix effect indicated that correlation coefficient shows good agreement between luminescence light intensity between in buffer and in serum.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.74-77
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• 2001

A ten-year-old, male cat presented with recent loss of body weight, depression, vomiting, anorexia, polydipsia, and polyuria. General physical findings included depression, weakness, severe dehydration and a strong acetone odor on the breath. A complete blood count and serum biochemical profiles were leukocytosis, hyperglycemia (286 mg/dl), hypokalemia (2.6 mEq/L), hyponatremia, and high serum fructosamine (600 $\mu$mol/L). In blood gas analysis the cat had acidosis (pH 7.127, p$CO_2$26.7 mmHg). In urinalysis glycosuria and ketouria were appeared. On the basis of clinical signs, serum chemistry, blood gas analysis and urinalysis, diabetic ketoacidosis was diagnosed. Treatment included subcutaneous administration of protamine zinc insulin (0.75 U/head) and intravenous administration of 0.9% saline. Potassium phosphate and sodium bicarbonate was added to the fluids. Serum fructosamine for assessment of glycemic control was measured on occasion calls. On day 296, the patient improved clinically and did not experience any problems resulting from diabetic ketoacidosis.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.300-307
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• 2010

This study examined the effects of the dietary inclusion of various concentrations of red ginseng byproduct (RB) and a mixture containing red ginseng byproduct, garlic extract, yeast and filler (CR) on the growth, body composition, serum chemistry, and lysozyme activity of juvenile olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Juvenile fish (n= 630) weighing 5.0 g were randomly distributed into 21 180 L flow-through tanks (30 fish/tank). Seven experimental diets were prepared in triplicate: a control diet without additive, and diets containing 0.5, 1 and 2% concentrations of RB (RB-0.5, RB-1, RB-2) and CR (CR-0.5, CR-1, CR-2) at the expense of wheat flour. After an 8-week feeding trial, serum chemistry and lysozyme activity of fish were measured. Mean weight gain was significantly higher in fish fed the control diet than in fish fed the RB and CR diets. The dietary inclusion of RB and CR reduced feed utilization. Mean serum glucose and triglyceride (TG) levels were higher in fish fed the control diet than in fish fed the other diets. Mean glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) levels of fish fed the control and RB-2 diets were higher than those of fish fed the RB-0.5, RB-1, CR-1, and CR-2 diets. Mean lysozyme activity levels of fish fed the RB-0.5 and RB-1 diets were higher than those of fish fed the control and CR diets. The results of this study indicate that red ginseng byproduct may be utilized as an immunostimulant rather than as a growth promoter for juvenile olive flounder. Dietary inclusion of 0.5% red ginseng byproduct effectively improved serum glucose, GPT, TG, and lysozyme activity of the fish in this study.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.695-704
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to obtain reference values of serum chemistry in Korean rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli), 5 juvenile (n=25) and 3 broodstock (n=15) subpopulations which were differentiated by cultured method. Serum samples were analyzed for the following commercial clinical kits: total protein, albumin, glucose, AST (aspartate aminotransferase), ALT (alanine aminotransferase), total cholesterol, free cholesterol, LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) and ALP (alkaline phosphatase). Significant differences were observed in the values of total protein, albumin, total cholesterol, AST, ALT, LDH and ALP between juvenile and broodstock subpopulations. In the comparison of total protein, albumin, total cholesterol and ALP, broodstock subpopulations showed higher levels. On the other hand, increased AST, ALT and LDH were observed in juvenile subpopulations. These results indicate that cultured method are major contributors to health-related physiology of Korean rockfish, juveniles and broodstocks.