• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.395-399
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• 2016

Background: Whether ambient exposure to environmental pollutants leads to hematopoietic malignancies such as multiple myeloma (MM) remains to be ascertained. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the immunotyping distribution of serum monoclonal paraprotein and the environmental influence on MM and monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance (MGUS) in the Taiwanese population. Materials and Methods: Serum protein electrophoresis with immunosubtraction by the capillary zone electrophoresis method was performed as primary screening for MM and MGUS. Clinical, pathological, and residence data of patients were also obtained. Results: From August, 2013 to June, 2015, a total of 327 patients underwent serum protein electrophoresis with immunosubtraction. Among these, 281 demonstrated no remarkable findings or non-malignant oligoclonal gammopathy, 23 were detected to have MGUS, 18 were identified as MM, and a further 5 were found as other malignancies. The most frequent immunotyping distribution of serum monoclonal paraprotein was IgG kappa (54.3%, n=25), followed by IgA lambda (15.2%, n=7) and IgG lambda (10.9%, n=5) in subjects with gammopathy. Additionally, it was shown that the elderly (OR: 4.61, 95% CI: 1.88-11.30, P<0.01) and males (OR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.04-4.02, P=0.04) had significantly higher risk of developing MM and MGUS. There was no obvious impact of environmental factors on the health risk of MM and MGUS evolution (OR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.40-1.50, P=0.49). Conclusions: The most frequent immunotyping distribution of serum monoclonal paraprotein included IgG kappa, IgA lambda and IgG lambda in MM and MGUS in the Taiwanese population. The elderly and male subjects are at significantly higher risk of MM and MGUS development, but there was no obvious impact of environmental factors on risk.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.33-37
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• 1974

Changes in the concentration of total protein, albumin, ${\alpha}_1-,{\alpha}_2-,{\beta}-,$ and ${\gamma}-globulin$ in Serum from 138 healthy, normal pregnant woman were studied by the method of cellulose-acetate electrophoresis. 1. The concentration of total serum protein decreased gradually during the first 7 month, and showed a tendency to increase thereafter. 2. The concentration of serum albumin showed a steady continuous fall untill term. 3. During pregnancy,${\alpha}_1$ and ${\beta}-globulin$ value rose, ${\gamma}-globulin$ value fell and ${\alpha}_2-globulin$ value showed no significant change.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.255-260
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• 2016

$Pyunkang-tang^{(R)}$ is a kind of herbal medicine and has been used for the treatment of atopy and allergic disease in humans over forty years. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hematological, biochemical, and protein and lipid electrophoresis profiles after the oral administration of $Pyunkang-tang^{(R)}$ in healthy dogs. Fifteen clinically healthy beagle dogs were selected and orally administered either 33 ml of $Pyunkang-tang^{(R)}$ (group I, n = 5), 16.5 ml of $Pyunkang-tang^{(R)}$ (group II, n = 5), or 33 ml of distilled water (group III, n = 5) 3 times a day for 4 weeks. The results of the hematological, serum biochemical, and urine analysis did not differ significantly among the 3 groups. The oral administration of $Pyunkang-tang^{(R)}$ for 4 weeks was associated with significant changes in the serum globulin levels and an elevation in the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) concentrations in groups I and II (p < 0.05), compared to group III. The ${\alpha}1-globulin$ and ${\gamma}-globulin$ levels were significantly increased in group I, and the ${\alpha}1-globulin$ and ${\beta}-globulin$ levels were significantly increased in group II. The ${\alpha}2-globulin$ levels were significantly decreased in both groups. During the short-term evaluation of $Pyunkang-tang^{(R)}$ administration, we did not detect any specific adverse effects in the dogs. However, further evaluation of the safety and efficacy of $Pyunkang-tang^{(R)}$ for the treatment of atopic disease in dogs is needed.

• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.68-72
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• 2007

Flounder is one of the major aquacultured fish and of an economically important item in Korean fisheries. Recently, there are trends of research worldwide that aim to analyze and characterize a whole genome or a whole proteome of interesting species. The data are utilized for the understanding and development of preventive and curative technologies for the serious diseases. However, there are very limited information of proteome for marine organisms, we optimized first the conditions for two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) with serum form a marine fish, flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). A pre-treatment of serum and an optimization of protein concentration analyzed were surveyed for enhancing the separation for proteins. A statistical analysis was performed on the overall 1,820 protein spots to overcome the variability among individual fishes.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.17-37
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• 2006

Objectives : To observe the changes in the serum proteins after intravenous injection of cultivated wild ginseng pharmacopuncture. Methods : Blood was collected before and after the administration of cultivated wild ginseng pharmacopuncture and only the serum was taken. Then differences in the spots on the scanned image after carrying out 2-Dimensional electrophoresis were located and conducted mass analysis and protein identification. Results : Following results were obtained from the comparative analysis of serum proteins before and after the administration of cultivated wild ginseng pharmacopuncture. 1. 28 spots were identified before and after the administration. 2. In confirming manifestation degree, spots with more than two-times increase were 204, 1302, 2205, 3105, 7104, 8006, spots with more than one-time increase were 1101, 1505, 2013, 2403, 3009, 3010, 4002, 4009, 6704, 8101, and spots with decrease were 205, 801, 803, 3205, 5202, 6105, 6106, 7103, 9001, 9003. 3. After conducting protein identification, proteins 205, 804, 1302, 4009, 6105, 6106 are unidentified yet, and 1l01 is unnamed protein. Protein 204 is identified as complement receptor CR2-C3d, 801 as YAPl protein, 803 as antitrypsin polymer, 1505 as PRO0684, 2013 and 3010 as proapolipoprotein, 2205 as USP48, 2403 as vitamin D binding protein, 3009 as complement component 4A preprotein, 3105 as immunoglobulin lambda chain, 3205 as transthyretin, 4002 as Ras-related protein Ral-A, 4204 as beta actin, 5202 and 7104 as apolipoprotein Ll, 6704 as alpha 2 macroglobulin precursor, 7103 as complement component 3 precursor, 8006 as testis-specific protein Y, 8101 as transferrin, 9001 as (Alpha-Oxy, Beta-(Cl12g)deoxy) T-State Human Hemoglobin, and 9003 as human hemoglobin. 4. Immune protein CR2-C3d(204), which acts against microbes and pathogenic organisms, was increased by more than two-times after the administration of pharmacopuncture. 5. Antitrypsin(803), which is secreted with inflammatory response in the lungs, was reduced after the administration of pharmacopuncture. 6. Proapolipoprotein(2013, 3010) and apolipoprotein(7104), key components of the HDL-cholesterol which plays an important role in preventing arteriosclerosis, were increased after the administration of pharmacopuncture. 7. Vitamin D binding protein(DBP, 2403), protecting the lung at the time of inflammatory response, was increased after the administration of pharmacopuncture. 8. Transthyretin(TTR, 3205), which is the main protein causing familial amyloid polyneuropathy(FAP), was decreased after the administration of pharmacopuncture. 9. Ras-related protein Ral-A(4002) that controls phospholipid metabolism, cytoskeletal formation, and membrane traffic, was increased after the administration of pharmacopuncture. 10. Testis-specific protein Y(8006), which takes part in determination of the gender, was increased by more than two-times after the administration of pharmacopuncture. 11. Transferrin(8101), which balances the iron level in the body, was increased after the administration of pharmacopuncture. Conclusion : Above results support the notion that intravenous injection of cultivated wild ginseng pharmacopuncture induce changes in serum proteins and this research can be a pioneer work in finding biomarkers.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.29-31
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• 1974

The total serum protein, protein fractions by paper electrophoresis and A/G ratio in pregnant rabbits were observed. The results obtained in this work were sumrnerized as follows: 1. Total serum protein and the fraction of serum albumin revealed a decrease with the advancing of gestation, especially total serum protein was decreased significantly on 3 weeks of pregnancy. There was a tendency to return tward control level on one week after delivery. 2. The fraction of ${\alpha}_1$, and ${\alpha}_2$-globulin showed little changes during the period of gestation. 3. The fraction of ${\beta}$-globulin was increased more or less during the period of gestation, and on one week after delivery showed considerable increase but the increase was statistically insignificant. 4. The fraction of ${\gamma}$-globulin revealed a variable changes during pregnancy but there was no significant differences. 5. A/G ratio was significantly decreased at 3 weeks of pregnancy and the ratio was near control level on one week after delivery.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.119-124
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• 1971

Male mice of strain SM were given 128 rads of single whole-body gamma-irradiation of $^{60}Co$, 14 to 16 minutes following a subcutaneous injection of physiological saline or cortisone acetate (1mg/day, for 4 days preirradiation). The serum protein patterns and the level of the total serum proteins were determined at various time intervals after exposure. Total serum protein was determined by Biuret method and serum protein fractions and A/G ratio were determined by paper electrophoresis using Whatman No.1 filter paper and barbital buffer (pH 8.6, ionic strength 0.06). 1. Total body gamma-irradiation caused a rise in the level of the total serum protein at 1 day and in the level of the serum albumin-globulin ratio at 5 days in both cortisone acetate-treated and control groups. 2. Cortisone acetate delayed the total serum protein rise at 5, 10, and 20 days after exposure. 3. Cortisone acetate delayed the A/G ratio rise at 1, 5, and 10 days after exposure. 4. It may be inferred that cortisone greatly reduces the sensitivity of mice to gamma-irradiation on the blood protein, probided that cortisone is given before the exposure.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.24 no.1 s.33
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• pp.1-7
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• 1991

The concentrations of serum proteins fractions and their electrophoretical patterns were investigated in 135 patients with coal workers' pneumoconiosis who participated in confirmative examination for pneumoconiosis in December 1989. Their radiographical profusions were classified as 1/0 or more. Agarose film and phosphoric acid-sodium hydroxide buffer(pH 9.6) were used for electrophoresis. Concentration of each protein fractions and electrophoretical patterns seemd to be equivalent to reference values. Serum ${\alpha}_1$- and $\beta$-globulin concentrations, however, were significantly different (p<0.50) among categories of small opacity profusions and showed the lowest level in the group of category 1. Albumin concentratins decreased and ${\alpha}_2$- globulin concentrations increased significantly (p<0.05) in the group of complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis. $\gamma$-globulin concentrations were not varied by category of profusions nor by pulmonary tuberculosis complication.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.451-456
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• 1997

120 heads of korean native calves were examined of serum protein by using cellulose acetate electrophoresis. During 20 days since the calves were purchased, serum protein, fibrinogen values and plasma : fibrinogen ratio were examined in the calves with respiratory and diarrheal disease. The result obtained in this investigation were as follows : 1. Among the 120 heads of calves that were purchased from market, 14 heads(22%) of calves were occurred respiratory disease, and 12 heads(20%) of calves are occurred diarrhea. Occurrence of respiratory disease was 14.5(4~20) days in average and diarrhea was 9.6(2-15) days after they had been purchased. 2. Serum protein fraction were analyzed by cellulose acetate electrophoresis. ${\beta}-globulin$, A/G ratio and ${\beta}_2-globulin$ values were decreased in the calves with respiratory disease. Especially, ${\beta}_2-globulin$ were significantly decreased. In calves with diarrhea, there was no change in ${\beta}-globulin$ values. ${\beta}_2-globulin$ values were higher than that of the normal and respiratory diseased calves. 3. ${\alpha}-globulin$ values were increased in both of calves with diarrhea and respiratory disease. This tendency was due to increase ${\alpha}_2-globulin$ values. 4. The $\gamma$-globulin value of calves with diarrhea was the lowest among the 3 groups. 5. The total protein values of normal calves were $7.0{\pm}1.1g/dl$ and that of respiratory and diarrheal diseased calves were $6.9{\pm}0.9g/dl$ and $6.6{\pm}0.8g/dl$, respectively. Total protein value of calves with diarrhea was lower than that of normal and respiratory diseased calves. Globulin value of calves with diarrhea was the lowest among them. The low value of total protein in diarrheal diseased calves was due to decrease globulin values. 6. The fibrinogen values of calves with respiratory disease ($643{\pm}189mg/dl$) were significantly higher than that of normal calves($533{\pm}135mg/dl$) and calves with diarrhea($572{\pm}188mg/dl$). The plasma : fib. ratio of respiratory diseased calves was $12.0{\pm}4.9$, normal calves was $13.8{\pm}3.5$ and diarrheal diseased calves was $12.8{\pm}4.6$. The ratio of the calves with respiratory disease was significantly decreased.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.99-108
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• 1991

To observe the changes of serum proteins according to the process of Babesia gibsoni(B gibsoni) infection, the babesia protozoa($10^8/kg$) were inoculated into the cephalic vein of healthy dogs. The serum proteins of experimentally infected dogs were separated by using cellulose acetate electrophoresis. The results obtained were as follows; 1. Cellulose acetate electrophoresis was fractionated to total 6 of bands such as, albumin, ${\alpha}_1$, ${\alpha}_2$, ${\beta}_1$, ${\beta}_2$ and $\gamma$-globulin. 2. The concentration of total protein was shown a decreasing tendency after B gibsoni infection. Albumin and A/G ratio were lowered through all periods of the infection, but they were not significant changes. 3. The level of ${\alpha}_1$-globulin was significantly(p<0.05) incresed in early stage of the infection. 4. The levels of ${\alpha}_2$ and total $\alpha$-globulin were shown highly significant decreases (p<0.01) through all periods of the infection. 5. The levels of ${\beta}_1$ and total $\beta$-globulin had highly significant changes (p<0.01) that was increased in early stage of infection and decreased later. 6. The level of $\gamma$-globulin was seen to be constantly increased through all periods of infection. It was a highly significant change (p<0.01). 7. Plasma protein: fibrinogen (PP:F) ratio was shown a temporally significant increase (p<0.05) following the decrease in early infection.